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Python 05 Functions

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4 views

Python 05 Functions

Uploaded by

mufeedsheik786
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 13

Function Definition

• In Python a function is some reusable code that takes


arguments(s) as input, does some computation, and then
returns a result or results

• We define a function using the def reserved word

• We call/invoke the function by using the function name,


parentheses, and arguments in an expression
Python Functions
• There are two kinds of functions in Python.

- Built-in functions that are provided as part of Python - print(),


input(), type(), float(), int() ...

- Functions that we define ourselves and then use

• We treat function names as “new” reserved words


(i.e., we avoid them as variable names)
Functions of Our Own…
Building our Own Functions
• We create a new function using the def keyword followed by
optional parameters in parentheses

• We indent the body of the function

• This defines the function but does not execute the body of the
function

def print_lyrics():
print("I'm a lumberjack, and I'm okay.")
print('I sleep all night and I work all day.')
print("I'm a lumberjack, and I'm okay.")
print_lyrics(): print('I sleep all night and I work all day.')

x = 5
print('Hello')

def print_lyrics():
print("I'm a lumberjack, and I'm okay.") Hello
print('I sleep all night and I work all day.') Yo
print('Yo') 7
x = x + 2
print(x)
Definitions and Uses
• Once we have defined a function, we can call (or invoke) it
as many times as we like

• This is the store and reuse pattern


x = 5
print('Hello')

def print_lyrics():
print("I'm a lumberjack, and I'm okay.")
print('I sleep all night and I work all day.')

print('Yo')
print_lyrics()
Hello
x = x + 2
print(x) Yo
I'm a lumberjack, and I'm okay.
I sleep all night and I work all day.
7
Arguments
• An argument is a value we pass into the function as its input
when we call the function

• We use arguments so we can direct the function to do different


kinds of work when we call it at different times

• We put the arguments in parentheses after the name of the


function
big = max('Hello world')
Argument
Parameters Parameter

>>> def greet(lang):


... if lang == 'es':
A parameter is a variable which ... print('Hola')
... elif lang == 'fr':
we use in the function definition. ... print('Bonjour')
It is a “handle” that allows the ... else:
... print('Hello')
code in the function to access ...
the arguments for a particular >>> greet('en')
Hello
function invocation. >>> greet('es')
Hola
>>> greet('fr')
Bonjour
>>> Argument
Return Values
Often a function will take its arguments, do some computation, and
return a value to be used as the value of the function call in the
calling expression. The return keyword is used for this.

def greet():
return "Hello" Hello Glenn
Hello Sally
print(greet(), "Glenn")
print(greet(), "Sally")
Return Value
>>> def greet(lang):
... if lang == 'es':
• A “fruitful” function is one ... return 'Hola'
that produces a result (or ...
...
elif lang == 'fr':
return 'Bonjour'
return value) ... else:
... return 'Hello'
• The return statement ends ...
>>> print(greet('en'),'Glenn')
the function execution and Hello Glenn
“sends back” the result of >>> print(greet('es'),'Sally')
Hola Sally
the function >>> print(greet('fr'),'Michael')
Bonjour Michael
>>>
Arguments, Parameters, and
Results
>>> big = max('Hello world') Parameter
>>> print(big)
w
def max(inp):
blah

'Hello world'
blah
for x in inp:
'w'
blah
blah
Argument return 'w'
Result
Multiple Parameters / Arguments
• We can define more than one
parameter in the function def addtwo(a, b):
definition added = a + b
return added
• We simply add more arguments
x = addtwo(3, 5)
when we call the function print(x)

• We match the number and order 8


of arguments and parameters

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