BATCH 1 – CLASS TEST

Evolution, Chemical Control & Coordination, Excretion

1. The hormones that initiate milk ejection, stimulate (a) Thyroid – Hyperactivity in young children causes
milk production, and promote ovarian follicle growth cretinism
are respectively known as? (b) Thymus – Starts undergoing atrophy after puberty
(a) PRL, OT and LH (b) OT, PRL and FSH (c) Parathyroid – Secretes parathyroid hormone, which
(c) LH, PRL and FSH (d) PRH, OT and LH promotes the movement of calcium ions from the
blood into bones during calcification
2. Norepinephrine (d) Pancreas – Delta cells of the ‘islets of Langerhans’
(1) Is released by sympathetic fibres secrete a hormone, which stimulates glycolysis in liver
(2) Is released by parasympathetic fibres
(3) Increases the heart rate 9. Which of the following pairs accurately matches a
(4) Decreases blood pressure hormone with a disease caused by its deficiency?
Which of the above said statements are correct? (a) Luteinizing hormone – Failure of ovulation
(a) (1) and (4) (b) (1) and (3) (b) Insulin – Diabetes insipidus
(c) (2) and (3) (d) (2) and (4) (c) Thyroxine – Tetany
(d) Parathyroid – Diabetes mellitus
3. Assertion [A]: Glucagon lowers the blood sugar
level. 10. Which of the following statements about the
Reason [R]: Glucagon increases the cellular uptake of endocrine system is true?
glucose. (a) Organs in the body like the gastrointestinal tract,
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct heart, kidney and liver do not produce any hormones.
explanation of A. (b) Non-nutrient chemicals produced by the body in
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct trace amounts that act as an intercellular messenger are
explanation of A. known as hormones.
c) Both A and R are false. (c) Releasing and inhibitory hormones are produced by
d) A is true and R is false. the pituitary gland
(d) Adenohypophysis is under direct neural regulation
4. In adults, what will hypothyroidism and of the hypothalamus.
hyperparathyroidism respectively lead to?
(a) Myxoderma and Cretinism 11. Oxytocin in human adult females
(b) Grave’s disease and Hashimoto’s disease (a) is secreted by the anterior pituitary
(c) Myxoedema and Osteitis fibrosa cystica (b) stimulates the growth of mammary glands
(d) Addison’s disease and Cretinism (c) stimulates the pituitary to secrete vasopressin
(d) causes strong uterine contractions during
5. In which of the following pairs is a hormone parturition
matched with a disease caused by its deficiency?
(a) Insulin – Diabetes insipidus 12. Which of the following pairs of hormones can
(b) Relaxin – Gigantism easily pass through the target cell’s cell membrane and
(c) Prolactin – Cretinism bind to a receptor inside it (Mostly in the nucleus)?
(d) Parathyroid hormone – Tetany (a) Insulin, glucagon
(b) Thyroxin, insulin
6. What is the cause of Addison’s disease? (c) Somatostatin, oxytocin
(a) hyposecretion of gonads (d) Cortisol, testosterone
(b) hyposecretion of adrenal gland
(c) hypertrophy of kidney 13. Glucogenesis, blood vessel dilation and increased
(d) hyposecretion of pituitary gland oxygen consumption are all caused by which
hormone?
7. In protein hormones, where are these receptors (a) Insulin (b) Adrenaline
located? (c) Glucagon (d) ACTH
(a) Extracellular matrix (b) Blood
(c) Plasma membrane (d) Nucleus 14. Epinephrine hormone is
(a) Secreted from the pancreas and decreases heartbeat
8. What is the correct match between the following (b) Secreted from the adrenal medulla and increases
four glands and their accompanying description? heartbeat

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(c) Secreted from the adrenal medulla and decreases (a) Na reabsorption requires energy
heartbeat (b) Secretion of K ions does not require energy
(d) Secreted from the pancreas and increases heartbeat (c) Water reabsorption requires energy
(d) Ammonia is secreted
15. Which hormone affects sodium retention in the
body? 23. Which one of the following statements is correct
(a) Adrenal cortex (b) Adrenal medulla about kidney functions?
(c) Parathyroid (d) Thyroid (a) When someone drinks a lot of water, ADH release
is suppressed.
16. Identify blanks a, b and c. (b) Exposure to cold temperature blood flow stimulates
(i) a - Oestrogen - Maintenance of secondary sexual the formation of Angiotensin II.
characters (c) An increase in glomerular filtrate stimulates the
(ii) a - cells of islets of Langerhans - b - Raises blood formation of Angiotensin II.
sugar level (d) During summer when the body loses a lot of water
(iii) Anterior pituitary - c - Opening of Epiphyseal by evaporation, the release of ADH is suppressed.
plate
(a) a - Ovary, b-Insulin, c-Calcitonin 24. In which of the following sets are all groups of
(b) a - Ovary, b - Glucagon, c - Growth hormone ureotelic animals represented?
(c) a - Placenta, b - Glucagen, c - Calcitonin (a) Marine fishes, amphibians and mammals
(d) a - Placenta, b - Insulin, c - Vasopressin (b) Bony fishes, mammals and terrestrial insects
(c) Aquatic insects, amphibians and land snails
17. A large quantity of which one of the following is (d) Bony fishes, aquatic amphibians and mammals
removed from our body by the lungs?
(a) CO2 only (b) H2O only 25. Which of the following statements is correct?
(c) CO2 and H2O (d) ammonia (a) The descending limb of the loop of Henle is
impermeable to water.
18. What is the content of glomerular filtrate? (b) The ascending limb of the loop of Henle is
(a) Urea, sodium chloride, fibrinogen and water permeable to water.
(b) Glucose, amino acids, urea, oxytocin and calcitonin (c) The descending limb of the loop of Henle is
(c) Both (a) and (b) permeable to electrolytes.
(d) Urea, glucose, salts and water (d) The ascending limb of the loop of Henle is
impermeable to water.
19. If the Bowman’s capsule lacks sufficient filtration,
so all are likely to happen except? 26. In this flow diagram name the chemicals A, B, C
(a) Accumulation of fluid in the body and D in proper sequence -
(b) Increase in blood pressure
(c) Increase in blood urea level
(d) Loss of glucose through urine

20. “Columns of Bertini” are formed in the kidneys of

mammals by extending?
(a) Medulla into the cortex (b) Cortex into the medulla
(c) Medulla into the pelvis (d) Pelvis into the ureter

21. The juxtaglomerular apparatus is formed by

cellular modification in the?

(a) Afferent arteriole and DCT (a) Renin, Angiotensin II, Angiotensin I,
(b) Efferent arteriole and PCT Angiotensinogen
(c) Afferent arteriole and PCT (b) Angiotensin I, Angiotensinogen, Angiotensin II,
(d) Efferent arteriole and DCT Renin
(c) Renin, Angiotensin I, Angiotensin II,
22. What is true about the distal convoluted tubule of Angiotensinogen
the nephrons?

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(d) Renin, Angiotensinogen, Angiotensin I, 33. Evolution and natural selection is demonstrated by
Angiotensin II. (a) DDT resistance in mosquito
(b) heterozygotes of sickle cell anaemia
27. How can the glomerular filtration rate be (c) industrial melanism
decreased? (d) all above
(a) Vaso-constriction of the efferent arteriole
(b) Vaso-dilation of the efferent arteriole 34. Given: 1 = natural selection; 2 = variations and
(c) Compression of the renal capsule their inheritance; 3 = survival of the fittest; 4 =
(d) An increase in blood flow pressure struggle for existence. According to Darwinism, which
of the following represents the correct sequence of
28. Which of the following statements is incorrect events in the origin of new species?
about the mechanism of urine formation in humans? (a) 1, 2, 3, 4 (b) 2, 3, 1, 4
(a) The glomerular filtration rate is about 125 ml per (c) 3, 4, 1, 2 (d) 4, 2, 3, 1
minute
(b) The ultrafiltration is opposed by the colloidal 35. Which geological period in the age of earth is also
osmotic pressure of plasma known as the Age of Fishes?
(c) The counter-current systems contribute in diluting a) Orosirian period b) Devonian period
the urine c) Ediacaran period d) Ordovician period
(d) Aldosterone induces greater reabsorption of sodium
36. Which era is known as the age of mammals?
29. Which one of the following correctly explains the (a) Paleozoic (b) Neozoic
function of a specific part of a human nephron? (c) Cenozoic (d) Mesozoic
(a) Podocytes: create minute spaces (slit pores) for the
filtration of blood into the Bowman’s capsule. 37. Select the correct option regarding Lamarck’s
(b) Henle’s loop: most of the reabsorption of the major principles of evolution.
substances from the glomerular filtrate. (a) Use and disuse; inheritance of acquired
(c) Distal convoluted tubule: reabsorption of K+ ions characters.
into the surrounding blood capillaries. (b) Natural selection; fitness.
(d) Afferent arteriole: carries the blood away from the (c) Mutation; inheritance of acquired characters.
glomerular towards the renal vein. (d) Inheritance of acquired characters; gene flow.

30. Which of the following statement (s) is/are true? 38. Variations caused by mutation, as proposed by
(1) Urine becomes more hypertonic as it passes up Hugo de Vries, are
through Henle’s loop. (a) random and directional
(2) When the urine passes into the collecting tubule, it (b) random and directionless
becomes hypotonic. (c) small and directional
(3) Urine is isotonic in the proximal convoluted tubule. (d) small and directionless
(4) Urine becomes more and more hypotonic as it
passes down through Henle’s loop. 39. According to Hugo deVries and Darwin, the
(a) (1) and (4) (b) (1), (2) and (3) Driving factor for evolution is ______________ and
(c) (2) and (3) (d) (3) only ______________ respectively.
(a) minor variations, mutation
31. By studying analogous structures we look for (b) natural selection, mutation
(a) similarities in appearance and function but different (c) mutation, minor variations
in structure (d) mutation, acquired variations
(b) similarities in appearance but differences in
functions 40. Consider the following statements
(c) Similarities in organ structure (A) For Darwin, evolution was gradual and driven
(d) Similarities in the cell make-up by small genetic variations.
(B) For deVries, evolution was a single step process
32. Mega–evolution is driven by large mutation.
(a) Changes in the gene pool Select the correct option.
(b) evolution due to mutations (a) Both (A) and (B) are true.
(c) origin of a new biological division (b) (A) is true but (B) is false.
(d) the evolution that takes centuries

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(c) Both (A) and (B) are false.
(d) (A) is false but (B) is true

41. The mutation is directionless as

(a) it can change any DNA sequence and is always
beneficial for the individual.
(b) it can change any DNA sequence and may be
beneficial or harmful for the individual.
(c) mutation imparts small variations.
(d) mutation imparts large variations.

42. Only the Mutations in germ cells are passed to the

Next generations but not somatic cells because
(a) mutations in somatic cells are lost with the 47. Assertion: The first life forms on primitive Earth
death of the individuals. were anaerobic.
(b) mutations in germ cells are beneficial. Reason: The atmosphere of primitive Earth was
(c) mutations in germ cells are always favored by reducing.
natural selection. (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is
correct explanation of Assertion.
(d) mutations result in speciation
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is
not the correct explanation of Assertion.
43. Assertion: Darwin’s theory of evolution was based (c) Assertion is true, but Reason is false.
on the inheritance of adaptive genetic variations. (d) Assertion is false, but Reason is true.
Reason: He could not recognize the mechanism of
inheritance. 48. Assertion: Evolution of humans exhibited a
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is gradual increase in brain size.
correct explanation of Assertion. Reason: Homo habilis had the smallest brain capacity.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is
not the correct explanation of Assertion. correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true, but Reason is false. (d) Assertion (b) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is
is false, but Reason is true. not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true, but Reason is false. (d) Assertion
44. Natural selection in which more individuals is false, but Reason is true.
Acquire mean character value is known as
____________ while the one wherein more individuals
49. Consider the following statement:
acquire peripheral character value at both ends of the
(A) Oxygen is a non-reactive gas and oxidizes the
distribution curve is ______________
organic polymers required for the chemical
(a) stabilizing selection; disruptive selection
evolution of life
(b) disruptive selection; stabilizing selection
(B) The atmosphere of primitive Earth was rich in
(c) disruptive selection; directional selection
carbon dioxide and water vapour.
(d) stabilizing selection; directional selection
Select the correct option.
(a) Both (A) and (B) are true.
45. Artificial selection to obtain cows yielding higher
(b) (A) is true but (B) is false.
milk output represents
(c) Both (A) and (B) are false.
(a) directional selection as it pushes the mean of
(d) (A) is false but (B) is true.
the character in one direction.
(b) disruptive selection as it splits the population
50. Which of the given statement is incorrect?
into two, one yielding higher output and the
(a) The peak of the distribution curve gets higher
other lower output.
and narrower by stabilizing selection.
(c) stabilizing selection followed by disruptive
(b) Directional selection shifts the peak of the
selection as it stabilizes the population to
distribution curve in one direction.
produce higher-yielding cows.
(c) Disruptive selection does not affect the peak of
(d) stabilizing selection as it stabilizes this
the distribution curve.
character in the population.
(d) Stabilizing selection helps to acquire the mean
value
46. Match the hominids with their correct brain size.

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