Exp no 3 revised

EXPERIMENT NO.
The objective of this problem is to demonstrate a simple ANSYS Workbench problem with a textbook
solution: finding Von Mises’ stresses and total deflection throughout the beam. This is a simple, single load
step, structural analysis of a cantilever beam. The left side of the cantilever beam is fixed while there is a
distributed load of 20N/m.
Given Data:-
L =110m Length of beam
b =10m Cross Section Base
h =1 m Cross Section Height
w=20N/m Distributed Load
μ =0.33 Poisson’s Ratio of Aluminum

E=70GPa Young’s Modulus of Aluminum at Room Temperature
(1) Von Mises Stress
Assuming plane stress, the Von Mises Equivalent Stress can be expressed as:
(i)
Additionally, since the nodes of choice are located at the top surface of the beam, the shear stress at this
location is zero.
(ii)
Using these simplifications, the Von Mises Equivalent Stress from equation (i) reduces to:
(iii)
Bending Stress is given by:
(iv)
(2) Beam Deflection
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Workbench Analysis System
Opening Workbench
1. On your Windows 7 Desktop click the Start button.
2. Under Search Programs and Files type “ANSYS”
3. Click on ANSYS Workbench to start workbench. This step may take time.
Static Structural Analysis

1. As you open ANSYS you can see the entire array of problems on the left had side this software can help
you solve. The problem at hand is a Static Structural problem. Double click Static Structural (ANSYS) to
open the task manager for your problem set in the Project Schematic area.
2. ANSYS allows you to build on each problem, so it is smart to name each project. At the bottom of the
task manager you will see Static Structural (ANSYS), double click this to change the name. For this
problem choose “3D Cantilever beam.”
Engineering Data
To begin setup for your cantilever beam, double click or right click on Engineering Data and click edit.
This will bring up another screen.
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This new window will allow you to alter the material properties of your cantilever beam. Under Outline of
Schematic A2: Engineering Data, it shows click here to add a new material, this menu allows you to
input the material of your cantilever beam, double click and type Aluminum.
Double click on Isotropic Elasticity to give the material the same properties across the beam. This action
brought up a new table on the right; this allows us to add necessary properties. As show on the top right of
the screen in Table of Properties Row 2: Isotropic Elasticity:
1. Click in Temperature and type 25
2. Click in Young’s Modulus and type 70E9 or 7E10
3. Click in Poisson’s Ratio and type 0.33
4. Make sure to DELETE the Temperature entry after property input before continuing! Failure to do so will
lead to errors later.
After filling in the properties, this concludes the Engineering Data, to return to the project schematic area,
click on seen on the upper tab.
Geometry
Base Geometry
1. Go to Workbench -> Project Schematic -> Geometry and double click. This will open a new window
for ANSYS Design Modeler where the Geometry will be created.
Note: Select meters and hit ok

2. In the new window, click the Display Plane icon to toggle the coordinate system.
3. Go to Design Modeler > Tree Outline > right click on YZPlane. Click Look At to view the YZ plane.
4. Go to Design Modeler -> Tree Outline -> Sketching
5. Click on Rectangle and Click off Auto-Fillet:
6. Bring your cursor into the workspace at point 0,0, over the origin until ‘P’ appears directly above the
origin.
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7. Click on the origin to place the lower left corner of our rectangle on the origin.
8. Click on a point in the first quadrant to define the top right corner of our rectangle. The point is arbitrary
as we will be fixing dimensions momentarily.
9. Go to Sketching Toolboxes -> Dimensions

10. Click Horizontal to specify a horizontal dimension.
11. Click the left and right faces of the rectangle in the sketch to specify that we will be dimensioning this
horizontal length. A green line with a symbol should appear.
12. Drag the green line above the sketch and click to set its location.
13. Go to Detail View -> Dimension 1. In the first subcategory, replace the current dimension with 10. The
units should populate automatically.
14. Go to Sketching Toolboxes -> Dimensions -> Vertical to specify the vertical dimension.
15. Click the bottom and top faces of the sketch to specify the vertical dimension. A green line should
appear.
16. Drag the green line to the right of the sketch and click.
17. Go to Detail View -> Dimension 2. Replace the value with 10. The units should populate automatically
(meters).
Now that we have modeled the base geometry, we will extrude it to create a 3D volume.
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Extrude Sketch
1. Go to Main Toolbar -> and select Extrude
2. Go to Modeling -> FD1, Depth (>0) -> enter in 110
3. Go to Design Modeler -> Generate.
4. To verify our geometry, look at the isometric view. Click the blue dot in the triad in the lower right
corner of the screen to look at the isometric view.
Now that we have the geometry, we will mesh the beam using 3D Elements.
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Model
Open ANSYS Mechanical
1. out of Design Modeler. Don’t worry, your work will be saved.
2. Go to Workbench -> Project Schematic -> Model This will open ANSYS Mechanical
Material Assignment
1. Go to Mechanical -> Outline -> Project -> Model -> Geometry -> Solid Body
2. Under Mechanical -> Details of “SolidvBody” -> Material -> Assignment, change Structural Steel to
Aluminum.
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Mesh
1. Go to Mechanical -> Outline -> Project -> Model -> Mesh
2. Go to Mechanical -> Details of ‘Mesh’ -> Sizing -> Element Size and change the value from Default
to .5 m. This will give us 2 elements through the thickness of the beam.
3. Click Mechanical ->Update. This may take some time. Your mesh should look as shown below:
Setup
You can perform the rest of your analysis for this problem in the ANSYS Mechanical window.
The other options in the Workbench window will link you back to the same screen (i.e. Setup,
Solution, Results)
Fixed Support
1. Go to Mechanical -> Outline -> right click Static Structural (A5)
2. Go to Insert -> Fixed Support
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We are going to fix the elements at the left end of the beam. In order to do this, we will use the
Edge tool to select the left edge. However, from the current orientation of the beam, it is difficult to
select this surface.
3. Using the Rotate tool click on the graphic area and move the mouse to the right. This will cause
the left end of the beam to be oriented in a manner that can be clicked
4. Using the Pan tool, click the graphic area and drag the left face to the center of the graphic window.
Use the mouse scroll to zoom in on the left face.
5. Click the Edge tool.
6. Go to Mechanical -> Outline -> Static Structural (A5) -> Fixed Support
7. Run the cursor across the left end face. When it becomes red, click it to select it.
8. Go to Mechanical -> Details of “Fixed Support” -> Geometry and select Apply
While in the Project Schematic double click Setup This will open a new window similar to Model Space
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Loads
1. Click the x-axis icon to get a side view of the cantilever beam
2. Click Fixed end On the tool bar, make sure vertex option is selected.
3. Go to Mechanical -> Outline -> Static Structural (A5) -> Fixed Support
4. Run the cursor across the left end face. When it becomes red, click it to select it.
5. Click the left side of the geometry; this will add a green box to select the point.
6. Right click
7. Click insert, and
8. This will add a fixed end to your cantilever beam in the work space.
10. Right click
11. click insert , and A table will appear “Details of Force”
12. Under “Definition” you will see “Defined by”Change this to “Components”
13. As shown, Y Component force is zero.  Change this to value to -2200 (as distributed load)
14. This will show your cantilever beam with a load applied as shown. Leave the Setup screen open this
time.
Solution
Deformation Go to Mechanical -> Outline -> Project -> Model(A4) -> Static Structural (A5) ->
Solution (A6) -> Insert -> Deformation -> Total
Equivalent Stress
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Go to Mechanical -> Outline -> Project -> Model(A4) -> Static Structural (A5) -> Solution (A6) ->
Insert -> Stress -> Equivalent (Von Mises)
Now that our solvers have been defined, go to Mechanical -> Solve. The calculations in Workbench
may take up to a minute to solve.
Your Stress plot should look as shown below:
Go to Mechanical -> Outline -> Project -> Model(A4) -> Solution(A6) -> Total Deformation
Your Von-Mises plot should look as shown below:
Results:-
Max Deformation According to equation, the theoretical max deflection is 7.6 mm. By Ansys it is 6.1 mm.
Equivalent Von Mises Stress, theoretically we got 66 KPa and by Ansys we have 76.5 Kpa. The difference
is due to Meshing & discritization in Ansys as we have not done theoretical solution
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EXPERIMENT NO.

μ =0.33 Poisson’s Ratio of Aluminum

(1) Von Mises Stress

(2) Beam Deflection

Static Structural Analysis

Note: Select meters and hit ok

9. Go to Sketching Toolboxes -> Dimensions

Your Stress plot should look as shown below:

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