Question Bank-1
Question Bank-1
Question Bank-1
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
SYLLABUS
Course No. : EEM 202, Course Title : BASIC ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING-I
UNIT-II: AC CIRCUITS
Principles of single phase and three phase generation (qualitative treatment only). Steady state
analysis of RC, RL and RLC circuits for sinusoidal excitation. Phasor notation, RMS Values, Power
Factor, Resonance. Complex Power, active and reactive power. 3-phase (balanced and
unbalanced) system.
SUGGESTED READING
1. Basic Electrical Engineering by D.P.Kothari & I.J.Nagrath, Tata McGraw Hill
1. (a) How much work is done in moving 100nC of charge to a distance of 68cm in the direction of a
uniform electric field given by E = 80KV/m?
(b) If one horsepower (HP) is 0.746KW, how much energy does a 20HP motor deliver in 20 min. Give
answer in units ( 1 unit = 1000 Watt-hour).
2. A sheet of foil that is 10.16cm wide and 0.0108cm thick must carry 4A and is permitted to dissipate a
maximum of 5.104mW. If its conductivity is 5.805 x 107S, what is the maximum length of foil that can
be used?
where its resistance can lie between 0.1314Ω and 0.1872Ω . If its temperature coefficient of resistance
5. Calculate the resistance of 220V bulbs rated at 25W, 40W, 60W, 75W and 100W.
6. Two resistors made of different material having temperature coefficient of resistance α1 = 0.004oC-1 and
α 2 = 0.005oC-1 are connected in parallel and consume equal power at 10oC. What is the ratio of power
consumed in resistance R2 to that in R1 at 60oC?
7. An electric heating pad rated at 110V and 55W is to be used at 220V source. It is proposed to connect
the heating pad in series with a series-parallel combination of light bulbs each rated at 110V. Bulbs are
available having ratings of 25W, 60W, 75W and 100W. Obtain a possible scheme of pad bulbs
combination. At what rate will heat be produced by the pad with this modification?
12. If a calorie is equal to 4.184J and it takes 1000 calories to raise 1 Kg of water through 10C, how much
current is carried by a 120V heater if it is used to heat 4.82 Kg of water from 250C to 450C in 4 min?
What is the resistance of the heating element?
19. A linear network containing dc sources and sources. When a voltage source V1 is
resistors is shown in the box with two pairs of connected across terminals A-B, with C-D
terminals being brought out for connecting
being left open, a 5Ω resistor in the network
dissipates 20W. Now, when the voltage terminals A-B and C-D respectively?
source is replaced with a short circuit and a Comment on all the possibilities.
current source I1 is connected across
terminals C-D, the same 5Ω resistor
dissipates 5W. What will be the power
dissipation if both V1 and I1 are connected to
21. Given 3 resistors R1, R2 and R3 connected in star (delta) determine their delta (star) equivalent resistors
RA, RB, and RC in terms of R1, R2 and R3.
22. Determine the equivalent resistance across points A and B in the circuits shown in figures (a) & (b)
below.
Fig.(a). Fig.(b)
27. State and prove the maximum power transfer theorem for a d. c. network.
UNIT - II : A.C.CIRCUITS
28. Find the average and the effective values of the various waveforms shown below.
29. A series R-L circuit with R=5Ω and an inductive reactance of 12Ω draws current from a.c. supply
given by i(t)=10Sin100t. Determine (a) complex impedance, (b) instantaneous supply voltage (c) value
of inductance, (d) active and reactive power delivered by the source. Also draw a phasor diagram
showing different voltages and currents.
30. A series R-L circuit dissipates 576W when a sinusoidal voltage of 120V r.m.s. is applied across it. The
current is found to be 16.97Sin (314t + x). Determine (a) R, (b) L and (c) X.
31. A sinusoidal voltage VmSinωt is applied across 3 parallel branches. Two of the branch currents are
given by i1(t) = 14.14Sin(ωt -37O) and i2(t) = 28.28Cos(ωt -143O) . The source current is found to be:
i(t) = 63.8Sin(ωt + 12.8O). Determine the effective value of the current in the third branch.
32. An r.m.s voltage 100 0O is applied to the series combination of Z1 and Z2 where Z1 = 20 30O. The
effective voltage drop across Z1 is known to be 40 -30O. Find the reactive component of Z2.
36. A 400V, 3-φ voltage is applied to a delta-connected balanced 3-φ load. The r.m.s. value of the phase
current is 10 -30O Amp. Find (a) the magnitude and phase angle of the line current, (b) total power
received by the load and (c) the value of the resistive portion of the load. Repeat parts (a) and (b) with
the load impedances reconnected in star (Y).
37. Calculate the active and reactive current components in each phase of a star-connected 10KV,
3-φ generator supplying 5000KW at a power factor of 0.8. If the total current remains the same when
the load power factor is raised to 0.9, find the new output.
38. Discuss the merits and demerits of the 3-φ system. On a symmetrical 3-φ system with phase
sequence RYB, a capacitive reactance of 8Ω is across Y-B and a coil R+jX is across R-Y. Find R and X
such that IY = 0.
39. Show how 2 wattmeters can be connected to measure power in a 3-φ, 3-wire system. Derive
expressions for the readings of the two wattmeters for a balanced 3-φ system in terms of the voltages,
currents and phase angle of the load and hence derive an expression for the power factor in terms of
the two wattmeter readings.
40. The power in a balanced 3-φ system is measured by 2-wattmeter method. The readings of the two watt
meters are 5KW and 0.5KW, the latter being obtained after reversing the current coil connections.
Calculate the power and the power factor of the load.
41. Define m.m.f, flux, reluctance and permeability. Give a brief comparison between an electrical circuit
and a magnetic circuit. Give an expression for force produced between parallel conductors and then
define ampere.
42. Explain Ampere’s law and Ampere’s circuital Law. Also explain constant flux theorem.
43. A coil of insulated wire of 500 turns and of resistance 5Ω is closely wound on an iron ring. The ring has
a mean diameter of 0.3m and a uniform cross-sectional area of 600 sq.mm. Calculate the total flux in
the ring when a d.c. supply of 6V is applied to the ends of the winding. Assume a relative permeability
of 560.
44. A magnetic core, in the form of a closed ring, has a mean length of 20cm and a cross section of 1
sq.cm. The relative permeability of iron is 2400. What direct current will be needed in a coil of 2500
turns uniformly wound round the ring to create a flux of 0.25mWb in the iron? If an air gap of 2mm is cut
through the core perpendicular to the direction of this flux, what current will now be needed to maintain
the same flux in this gap? What fraction of total ampere-turns is required to maintain the flux in the air
gap?
45. A magnetic circuit comprises of three parts, a, b and c in series, each of which has uniform cross
sectional area. Part ‘a’ has a length of 85 mm and cross sectional area 50 sq.mm. Part ‘b’ has a length
of 70 mm and cross sectional area of 85 sq.mm. Part ‘c’ is an air gap of length of 0.5mm and cross
sectional area 60 sq.mm. Neglecting magnetic leakage and fringing, determine the current necessary in
a coil of 4000 turns wound on part ‘b’ to produce in the air gap a flux density of 0.7Tesla. The magnetic
characteristics of part ‘a’ and ‘b’ is given by:
H (A/m) 100 210 340 500 800 1500
B (Tesla) 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2
46. What is magnetic hysteresis? Explain why eddy current and hysteresis losses occur in an iron core? On
what factors do these losses depend? How can these losses be minimized?
48. Explain different types of transformers and their applications. What is an ideal transformer?
49. Describe the construction of core type and shell type transformers. How are the windings put on the
core? Why is high voltage winding not put near the core?
50. Why are transformers required to be cooled? What are the different methods used for cooling? Discuss.
52. The e.m.f. per turn of a single phase 10KVA, 2200/220V, 50Hz transformer is 11V. Calculate (a) number
of primary and secondary turns and (b) the net cross sectional area of core for a maximum flux density
of 1.5Tesla.
53. A 3300/300V, 50 Hz single phase transformer is built on a core having an effective area of 150sq.cm.
and has 90 turns in the low voltage winding. Calculate the value of maximum flux density in the core
and number of turns in high voltage winding.
54. A transformer takes 1A when its primary is connected to a 230V, 50Hz supply. The secondary is open
circuited. The power absorbed from the supply is 50W. Determine the loss component of the no- load
current and the magnetizing current.
55. Draw and explain the phasor diagram of a transformer on no-load and on full load conditions.
56. Develop the equivalent circuit of a 1-φ transformer and discuss the significance of each of the elements
in the circuit.
57. Describe the purpose and the procedure of conducting the open and short circuit tests on a
single-phase transformer.
58. A 200/400V, 50Hz single phase transformer on test gave the following results. Find the voltage
regulation at full load at 0.8 power factor lagging.
Open circuit test on LV side: 200V 0.7A 70W
Short circuit test on HV side: 15V 10A 80W
59. What is meant by commercial efficiency and all-day efficiency of a transformer? How are they
determined? Explain.
60. In a 25KVA, 2000/200V transformer, the iron losses and copper losses are 350W and 400W
respectively. Calculate the value of iron and copper losses, which will give maximum efficiency and also
calculate the value of maximum efficiency.
61. What is voltage regulation? What should be the range of voltage regulation of a transformer?
63. Explain the principle, construction and applications of an auto-transformer. What are its drawbacks?
64. A 50Hz, 1-phase transformer has a turns-ratio of 6. The resistances are 0.90Ω and 0.03Ω and the
reactances are 5Ω and 0.13Ω for high voltage and low voltage winding respectively. Find (a) the voltage
to be applied to the high-voltage side to obtain full-load current 200 A in the low-voltage winding on
short circuit (b) the power factor on short circuit.
65. A 150 KVA transformer has an iron loss of 700W and a full load copper loss of 1800W. Calculate the
efficiency at full load, 0.8 power factor lagging.
66. Using the concept of mechanical drag and back e.m.f., show that a d.c. machine is a converter of
energy for converting electrical energy into mechanical energy and vice versa.
67. Describe the constructional details of a d.c. machine with suitable diagrams. Name the materials used
for each part.
68. Discuss the classification d.c. machines on the basis of their excitation.
70. Explain the mechanism of torque production in a d.c. motor and derive the torque equation.
73. Why is compounding done? What are the various types of compounding? Draw and explain various
characteristics of a d.c. compound generator.
74. Draw and explain various characteristics of different types of d.c. motors and discuss the application of
each type of motor.
75. A shunt machine connected to 250V mains has an armature resistance (including brushes) of 0.12Ω
and the resistance of the field winding is 125Ω. Find the ratio of the speed as a generator to speed as a
motor, the line current in each case being 80A.
76. A 4-pole, long shunt, lap wound generator supplies 25KW at a terminal voltage of 500V. The armature
resistance is 0.03Ω, series field resistance is 0.04Ω, and shunt field resistance is 200Ω. The brush drop
may be taken as 1 volt per brush. Determine the e.m.f. generated.
77. A 4-pole, wave wound armature has 720 conductors and rotates at 1000 rpm. If the useful flux is 40
mWb, calculate the generated voltage.
78. An 8-pole lap connected armature has 40 slots with 10 conductors per slot and generates a voltage of
400 volts. Determine the speed at which it is running if the flux per pole is 50 mWb.
79. A short shunt compound d. c. generator delivers 100A at 250V. The armature, shunt field and series
field resistances of the generator are 0.1Ω, 0.15Ω and 125Ω respectively. Calculate the voltage
generated in the armature winding. Neglect brush voltage drop.
80. A long shunt compound generator delivers a load current of 50A at 500V and the resistances of
armature, series field and shunt fields are 0.05Ω, 0.02Ω and 250Ω respectively. Calculate the generated
e.m.f. and the armature current. Assume 1 volt per brush drop.
81. Define synchronous speed and slip. Why does an induction motor always run at speeds less than
synchronous speed?
82. What is an induction motor? How is it different from a d.c. motor? Explain.
83. Describe different types of rotor construction employed in an induction Motor. Explain the applications
of each type.
85. Draw and explain the torque-speed characteristic of an induction motor. Mark the operating region on it
and explain why it is operated only in this region?
86. A 12 pole, 3-φ alternator is coupled to an engine running at 500 rpm. It supplies an induction motor,
which has a full load speed of 1460 rpm. Find the slip and the number of poles on the motor.
87. The frequency of the e.m.f in the stator of 4 pole induction motor is 50Hz. and that in the rotor is 1.5Hz.
What is the slip, and at what speed is the motor running?
88. A 3-φ, 6-pole, 50Hz induction motor has a slip of 1% at no load, and 3% at full load. Determine: (a)
synchronous speed, (b) No-load Speed, (c) Full load Speed, (d) frequency of rotor current at stand-still
(e) frequency of rotor current at full load.
UNIT - V: MEASUREMENTS
84. What is meant by (a) indicating type, (b) recording type and (c) integrating type instruments? Give an
example of each.
85. What are the different torques required in an electromechanical indicating meter? Explain why each
type of torque is needed?
86. Discuss methods of producing controlling and damping torques in a measuring instrument.
87. Describe the principle and construction of a PMMC galvanometer. How is it converted into an ammeter
and a voltmeter? Explain.
88. Explain the principles of operation of attraction and repulsion types of Moving Iron instruments with the
help of neat constructional diagrams. Derive the general equation of deflection for such meters. Discuss
the shape of the scale obtained.
89. Explain why moving iron instruments can be effectively used for both dc and ac measurements.
90. State the relative merits and demerits of moving iron and moving coil instruments.
91. Discuss the constructional details and working of a dynamometer type wattmeter.
92. Distinguish between a wattmeter and a watt-hour-meter. Explain the construction and working of a 1-φ
energy meter.
93. Explain the methods used for extending the range of ammeters and voltmeters – both d.c. and a.c.