Adverb Phrases and Adverbials

Adverb
Adverb phrase
Adverbial
Adverbial positions
• Exercises
• Formed form : adj + ly
• Words that modify verbs , Examples : happily , quickly
adjectives , or other adverbs
, providing details on how , • Not marked
when , where , or to what Examples : again , often
extent an action occurs .
• Consist of one word :
Example : They sometimes take a walk
• Phrases with an along the river .
adverb as the central
component , • Can have modifier of various kinds :
potentially including Example : This happens very rarely
modifiers
Modifying Function
of Adverbs and
Adverb Phrases
• When adverbs and adverb phrases function as modifiers, they typically

modify:
1. Adjectives : They usually intensify the meaning of the adjective.

For example: "quite beautiful “
2. Other Adverbs : They also intensify the meaning of the other adverb.
For example: "more expeditiously“ , "so heavily"
• An adverbial is a clause element, similar to a subject,
verb, object, or complement. Adverbials convey a
significant amount of information, including the time
and place of an action, accompanying circumstances
such as manner, cause, and reason, and the speaker's
evaluation of the proposition.
• An adverbial can be :
Adjuncts Disjuncts Conjuncts
(*Adverbials do not have a one-to-one correspondence with adverbs;

adverbs can function as noun phrase post modifiers or as modifiers in
adjective and adverb phrases.*).
1.Adjuncts
• Adjuncts are optional elements within a clause that provide additional

information about the circumstances of the action or state being
described, such as time, place, manner, or reason. Take various forms :
adverb phrases, noun phrases, prepositional phrases, adverbial clauses .
1.Time: yesterday, in 1982, for eight years, every summer
2.Place : In a small village, from the church, along the river, to the market square .
3.Process : Carefully, by spreading rumors, with a leaking fountain-pen, by wolverines.
4.Contingency: Because she had a cold, to catch his breath, if necessary, though
the sun was shining
5.Degree: badly, little, slightly, somewhat 6.Focusing: even, only, just, also, too
7.Respect: As far as traveling facilities are concerned, as regards intellect .
8.Viewpoint: scientifically, moneywise

• Express the speaker’s attitude or judgement about the whole sentence.
They provide commentary on the sentence as a whole rather than adding
details to the action .
Semantic categories :
• Fact evaluation disjuncts > Sadly , they never met again after the war .
• Modal disjuncts > She may possibly be at home .
• Comment disjuncts > you know , I don’t think this is correct
• Subject evaluating disjuncts > he sensibly refrained from further comments
• Style disjuncts > briefly, frankly , to put it gently .
Semantic categories:
• Comparison: similarly , likewise
• Link ideas between • Contrast : on the other hand
clauses or sentences , • Addition : in addition
showing relationships • Transition : meanwhile , by the way
like contrast , addition , • Concession : however, nevertheless
or result . They • Reason : because of that , therefore
function like transitions • Enumeration: first , secondly, finally
, helping readers follow
the flow or ideas .
4.Adverbial positions
• Adverbial can occupy so many different position in clause structure :
1. Initial :
Example : yesterday , we went to the park .
2. Medial :
Example : she often visits her grandparents .
3. End :
Example : he packed his bags quickly
• Identify the adjuncts , disjuncts , and the conjuncts in
the following:
1. Shut the door quickly .
2. Did John arrive early or late .
3. He knocked at the door nervously .
4. In fact , he is not a nice man .
5. I was , indeed , several miles away .
6. Her appointment has not yet been confirmed,
understandably .
• Convert adjectives to adverbs : change each adjectives into an
adverb, then use the adverb in a sentence :
1. Happy 4. Patient
Adverb : Adverb :
Sentence : Sentence :
2. Quick 5. Quiet :
Adverb : Adverb :
Sentence : Sentence :
3. Smooth
Adverb :
Sentence :

Adverb Phrases and Adverbials

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Adverb

• When adverbs and adverb phrases function as modifiers, they typically

1. Adjectives : They usually intensify the meaning of the adjective.

Adjuncts Disjuncts Conjuncts

(*Adverbials do not have a one-to-one correspondence with adverbs;

• Adjuncts are optional elements within a clause that provide additional

3.Process : Carefully, by spreading rumors, with a leaking fountain-pen, by wolverines.

7.Respect: As far as traveling facilities are concerned, as regards intellect .

8.Viewpoint: scientifically, moneywise

• Adverbial can occupy so many different position in clause structure :

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