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1 A bus is travelling between points A and D. There are bus stops at A, B, C and D but the bus does
not stop at B and C. Fig. 1.1 is a speed-time graph for the bus.

B C
40
speed
km / h 30

20

10
A D
0
0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
time / min

Fig. 1.1

(a) Describe the motion of the bus between each of the bus stops. Select the appropriate
description from the list below.

constant acceleration decreasing acceleration

increasing acceleration moving backwards at constant speed

moving forwards at constant speed stationary

1. between A and B ..............................................................................

2. between B and C ..............................................................................

3. between C and D .............................................................................

[3]

(b) The average speed of the bus between A and D is 23 km / h.

Calculate the distance between A and D.

distance = ........................................................ [3]

(c) The bus stops at D for 1 min and then travels at a constant acceleration for 30 seconds.

On Fig. 1.1, sketch a possible graph for this additional motion. Label X when the bus starts to
accelerate and label Y for 30 seconds later. [3]

[Total: 9]

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2 (a) Define the moment of a force about a point.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) Fig. 2.1 shows a uniform rod of wood suspended from a pivot.

0.25 m

pivot

34°

centre of mass

0.75 m
rod of wood

W
F

Fig. 2.1 (not to scale)

The rod is held stationary by a horizontal force F acting as shown.

The mass of the rod is 0.080 kg.

Calculate:

(i) the weight W of the rod

weight = .......................................................... [1]

(ii) the moment of W about the pivot

moment = .......................................................... [2]

(iii) the moment of F about the pivot

moment = .......................................................... [1]

(iv) the force F.

force = .......................................................... [2]

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(c) The angle between the rod and the vertical is increased.

State whether the force F needed to hold the rod stationary must be increased, decreased or
stay the same.
Explain your answer.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 9]

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3 (a) A solar panel receives energy from the Sun at a rate of 5.0 kW.

Thermal energy is transferred from the solar panel to water with an efficiency of 20%.

Cold water of mass 15 kg enters the solar panel every hour.

The specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J / (kg °C).

Calculate the temperature increase of the water.

temperature increase = .....................................................°C [4]

(b) State and explain one advantage and one disadvantage of heating the water in a solar panel
compared with heating the water in a coal-burning boiler.

advantage .................................................................................................................................

explanation ...............................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

disadvantage ............................................................................................................................

explanation ...............................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [4]

[Total: 8]

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4 (a) The temperature of a fixed mass of gas at constant volume is decreased.

State and explain, in terms of particles, how the pressure of the gas changes.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [3]

(b) (i) State the value of absolute zero in °C.

value of absolute zero = .................................................... °C [1]

(ii) Explain what is meant by the term absolute zero. Refer to particles in your answer.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [2]

(c) Cylinder 1 contains 350 cm3 of gas at a pressure of 9.0 × 104 Pa. The gas is transferred to
cylinder 2 and the pressure increases to 1.6 × 105 Pa. The temperature remains constant.

Calculate the volume of cylinder 2.

volume = ......................................................... [3]

[Total: 9]

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5 Sound waves are longitudinal and electromagnetic waves are transverse.

(a) A sound wave used for a medical examination has a frequency of 1.5 MHz.

(i) State and explain what type of sound wave this is.

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) The wave travels through soft human tissue at a speed of 1.3 km / s.

Calculate the wavelength of the wave in soft human tissue.

wavelength = ......................................................... [3]

(b) Describe one use of X-rays in medicine.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 7]

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6 (a) Fig. 6.1 shows a water wave in a ripple tank.

new wave
direction

original
wave
direction

region B

region A

Fig. 6.1

(i) State the name of the process that occurs as the wave moves from region A to region B.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Suggest a cause for the change in direction of the wave.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

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(b) Fig. 6.2 shows a transverse wave.

displacement

0
time

Fig. 6.2

On Fig. 6.2, draw a wave which has half the amplitude and a greater frequency than the wave
shown. [2]

(c) A train travels along steel rails. A person waiting at a station hears the sound of the train
through the rails before he hears the sound through the air.

(i) Explain why this happens.

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) The speed of sound in the rails is 5800 m / s.

Calculate the wavelength of sound of frequency 1100 Hz travelling at this speed.

wavelength = ........................................................ [2]

[Total: 7]

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7 This question is about the magnetic fields around bar magnets. Fig. 7.1 shows two positions used
by a student doing an experiment.

position 1 position 2

Fig. 7.1

(a) Fig. 7.2 shows a magnet, labelled magnet 1, placed on position 1.

magnet 1 position 2

S N

Fig. 7.2

On Fig. 7.2, draw lines to show the pattern of the magnetic field produced by magnet 1.
Place arrows on the lines to show the direction of the field. [3]

(b) Magnet 1 is removed from position 1. Fig. 7.3 shows another magnet, labelled magnet 2,
placed on position 2.

position 1 magnet 2

N S

Fig. 7.3

On Fig. 7.3, draw, at the right-hand end of position 1, a line with an arrow to show the direction
of the magnetic field produced by magnet 2. [1]

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(c) Fig. 7.4 shows magnet 1 placed on position 1 and magnet 2 placed on position 2.

magnet 1 magnet 2

S N N S

Fig. 7.4

(i) State the direction of the force that the N pole of magnet 2 exerts on the N pole of
magnet 1.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Justify your answer to (c)(i).

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 6]

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8 (a) Fig. 8.1 shows a conducting object A, initially uncharged, held on an insulating stand. The
positively charged rod B is brought close to object A.

charged rod B + conducting

+ object A
+
+
+ insulating stand

Fig. 8.1

(i) On Fig. 8.1, draw the distribution of charges on object A. [2]

(ii) A wire is connected from object A to earth.

State and explain any movement of charge.

statement ..........................................................................................................................

explanation ........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................
[2]

(b) There is a current in a wire of 0.65 mA for 2.2 minutes.

Calculate the charge that flows.

charge = ........................................................ [3]

[Total: 7]

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9 (a) Describe what is meant by the term electric field.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) Fig. 9.1 shows two parallel conducting plates connected to a battery.

conducting plate

Fig. 9.1

On Fig. 9.1, draw five lines to show the electric field pattern between the two plates. [2]

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(c) When fully charged, a 1.2 V rechargeable battery can deliver a current of 210 mA for 10 hours.

(i) Calculate the charge that can be delivered by the fully charged battery.

charge = ........................................................ [3]

(ii) Calculate the energy stored in the battery when fully charged.

energy stored = ........................................................ [2]

(iii) State the type of energy stored when the battery is charged.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 9]

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10 (a) Fig. 10.1 shows the potential difference–current graph for a circuit component K.

10.0

8.0
potential difference / V
6.0

4.0

2.0

0
0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0
current / mA

Fig. 10.1

Calculate the resistance of component K when the current in it is 4.0 mA.

resistance = ......................................................... [2]

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(b) Fig. 10.2 shows a circuit containing component K.

component K
point X

resistor R

Fig. 10.2

At low temperature, component K has a much greater resistance than resistor R.

At high temperature, component K has a much smaller resistance than resistor R.

State and explain the effect on the lamp when the temperature changes from very low to very
high.

Refer to the voltage at point X in your explanation.

statement ..................................................................................................................................

explanation ...............................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [4]

(c) State the name of component K.

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 7]

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11 (a) A student investigates a radioactive substance in a laboratory.

Fig. 11.1 is a graph showing the count rate detected as the substance decays for 7.5 minutes.

250
count rate
counts / min
200

150

100

50

0
0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0
time / min

Fig. 11.1

The background radiation is 20 counts / min.

(i) Determine the half-life of the substance.

half-life = ......................................................... [3]

(ii) Calculate the count rate detected at time = 9.6 minutes.

count rate = .......................................counts / min [2]

(b) The substance emits α-particles and γ-rays. The student suggests that it is safe to store the
substance in a plastic container of thickness 2 mm.

State and explain whether the student’s suggestion is correct.

statement ..................................................................................................................................

explanation ...............................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [3]

[Total: 8]
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To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge
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