Boot Camp Day 2

MAC1105C Boot Camp – Day 2
Topics
1. Adding and subtracting fractions
2. Graphing a point in the Rectangular Coordinate System
3. Solving linear equations
Tip:
1. Adding and subtracting fractions The top of the fraction is the numerator.
Fractions with like denominators The bottom of the fraction is the denominator.
Procedure: “Like” or “common” denominators means the

1. Add or subtract the numerators. fractions have the same denominator.
2. Write the result over the like denominator. We add or subtract the numerators only.
3. Simplify to lowest terms, if possible.
Never add or subtract the denominators!
3 5 3+5 8 4
Example 1: 10
+ 10 = 10
= 10 = 5
2 8 2−8 −6 2
Example 2: 9
−9= 9
= 9
=− 3
Note: You can write the negative in the
numerator or in front of the fraction.
Practice: Find the sum or difference. Simplify to lowest terms, if possible.

1 5
1) 12
+ 12
4 7 1
2) 15
+ 15 + 15
5 2
3) 7
− 7
9 1
4) 8
− 8
1
Least common denominators

To add fractions, they must have the same denominator. This denominator is known as the
least common denominator or LCD. It is also known as the least common multiple or LCM.
Procedure:
1. List multiples of each denominator.
2. The smallest number that is in both lists is the LCD.
Example: Find the LCM of 10 and 12.
Multiples of 10: 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, …
Multiples of 12: 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, …
Since 60 is the smallest number in both lists, 60 is the LCM or LCD.
Practice: Find the least common multiple.
1) 5 and 7
2) 8 and 10
3) 30 and 42
Fractions with unlike denominators

Procedure:
1. Find the least common denominator (LCD). This is the smallest number that is a
multiple of both denominators.
2. Multiply numerator and denominator of each fraction by the missing factors to get the
LCD in each denominator.
3. Add or subtract as with like denominators.
7 1
Example: 15
+6 Tip:
First, find the LCD. The smallest number that is a To multiply fractions, just multiply the
multiple of both 15 and 6 is 30, so that is the LCD. numerators and then multiply the denominators.
Next, multiply the numerator and denominator of each
fraction by the number needed to get the LCD in each denominator.
𝟐𝟐 7 𝟓𝟓 1 14 5 19
𝟐𝟐
∙ 15 + 𝟓𝟓
∙ 6
= 30 + 30 = 30
Practice: Find the sum or difference. Simplify to lowest terms, if possible.

1 2
1) 3
+ 11
7 5
2) 10
−8
2
2. Graphing a point in the Rectangular Coordinate System (also known as the x,y plane)
Introduction to the Rectangular Coordinate System
• Points in the x,y plane have two parts, an x-coordinate

and a y-coordinate, written as an ordered pair in the
form (𝑥𝑥, 𝑦𝑦).
• The x-coordinate is the number of units a point is
located horizontally from the center or origin.
• The y-coordinate is the number of units a point is
located vertically from the origin.
• The x-axis is the line separating the top of the plane
(positive y values) from the bottom (negative y values).
• The y-axis is the line separating the right of the plane (positive x values) from the left
(negative x values).
• The x -axis and y -axis separate the x,y plane into 4 quadrants, numbered with Roman
numerals I, II, III, IV starting in the top right and going counter-clockwise.
• To plot a point, start at the origin and move horizontally to the x -coordinate and
vertically to the y-coordinate.
Example: Plot (4,1).
To plot the point (4, 1), start at the origin and move 4 units to the right
and then 1 unit up.
Practice: Plot each point and indicate in which quadrant or on which axis they lie.
1) (3, 5)
2) (−2, 4)
3) (1, −3)
4) (−3, −4)
5) (0, −2)
6) (4, 0)
3
3. Solving linear equations

Procedure: TIP:
1. Clear all parentheses by using the distributive property.
The coefficient is the number
2. Combine all like terms on each side of the equation.
multiplied by the variable.
3. Move the variables by addition or subtraction to one side of
the equation. For example: 3x
4. Move the constant terms by addition or subtraction to the 3 is the coefficient
other side of the equation. x is the variable
5. Divide both sides by the coefficient of the variable.
6. Check your solution in the original equation.
Example: Solve 5(𝑥𝑥 − 2) = 2𝑥𝑥 + 8.
Distribute: 5𝑥𝑥 − 10 = 2𝑥𝑥 + 8
Subtract 2𝑥𝑥 from both sides of the equation: 3𝑥𝑥 − 10 = 8
Add 10 to both sides of the equation: 3𝑥𝑥 = 18
Divide both sides by 3: 𝑥𝑥 = 6
Practice: Solve each equation for the indicated variable.
1) −3𝑥𝑥 + 4 = 19
𝑚𝑚
2) 6
=2
3) 9𝑏𝑏 + 2 = 2𝑏𝑏 + 23
4) 3(𝑦𝑦 + 4) = 17 − 2𝑦𝑦
5) 10𝑧𝑧 + 8 − 4𝑧𝑧 = −2(12 − 𝑧𝑧)
4
MAC1105C Boot Camp – Day 2 – Answer Key
Topic 1 – Adding and subtracting fractions Topic 3 – Solving linear equations

Fractions with like denominators 1) 𝑥𝑥 = −5
1)
1 2) 𝑚𝑚 = 12
2
3) 𝑏𝑏 = 3
4
2) 5 4) 𝑦𝑦 = 1
3 5) 𝑧𝑧 = −8
3) 7
4) 1
Least common denominators

1) 35
2) 40
3) 210
Fractions with unlike denominators

17
1) 33
3
2) 40
Topic 2 – Graphing a point in the

Rectangular Coordinate System

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MAC1105C Boot Camp – Day 2

Procedure: “Like” or “common” denominators means the

Practice: Find the sum or difference. Simplify to lowest terms, if possible.

Least common denominators

Fractions with unlike denominators

Practice: Find the sum or difference. Simplify to lowest terms, if possible.

• Points in the x,y plane have two parts, an x-coordinate

3. Solving linear equations

5) 10𝑧𝑧 + 8 − 4𝑧𝑧 = −2(12 − 𝑧𝑧)

Topic 1 – Adding and subtracting fractions Topic 3 – Solving linear equations

Least common denominators

Fractions with unlike denominators

Topic 2 – Graphing a point in the

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