BASIC HARDWARE Basic parts of the computer ⚫ Computer case ⚫ Monitor ⚫ Keyboard ⚫ Mouse ⚫ Power cord
2 Computer case ⚫ A computer case also known as a computer chassis, tower, system unit, cabinet, base unit or simply case. ⚫ contains most of the components of a computer excluding the display, keyboard and mouse. ⚫ Cases are usually constructed from steel or aluminium. ⚫ Cases can come in many different sizes. ◦ vertical tower (designed to sit on the floor, height > width) ◦ flat desktop (height < width) or pizza box, designed to sit on the desk under the computer's monitor) ⚫ Most cases also have a power button or switch, a reset button, and LEDs to indicate power status as well as hard drive and network activity ⚫ Some cases include built-in I/O ports (such as USB and headphone ports) on the front of the case.
3 Fig:Vertical tower Computer Case Fig: Flat desktop Computer Case
Fig: Drive Bays Fig: Expansion Slot
4 Front of Computer Case
Fig: Front of Computer Case
⚫ Optical Disc Drive: Often
called a CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive. Fig: Optical Disc Drive
5 Front of Computer Case ⚫ USB (Universal Serial Bus) Port : Can be used to connect almost any type of device, including mouse, keyboard, printers, and digital cameras. Fig: Optical Disc Drive
⚫ Power Button: The power button is
used to power the computer on and off. Fig: Power Button ⚫ Audio In/Audio Out: Many computers include audio ports on the front of the computer case that allow you to easily connect speakers, microphones, and headsets without fumbling with the back of the Fig: Audio I/O computer.
6 Back of Computer Case ⚫ On the back of the computer case are connection ports that are made to fit specific devices. The arrangement of these varies from computer to computer, and many companies have their own special connectors for specific devices. Some of the ports may be colour coded to match a colour on the device, which will help you determine which port is Fig: Back of Computer Case used with a particular device.
7 Back of Computer Case ⚫ Power Socket: This is where you'll connect the power cord to the computer. ⚫ Audio In/Audio Out: Almost Fig: Power Socket every computer has two or more audio ports where you can connect various devices, including speakers, microphones, and headsets. Fig: Audio In/Audio Out ⚫ Ethernet Port: This port looks a lot like the modem or telephone port, but it is slightly wider.You can use this port for networking and connecting to the Internet. Fig: Ethernet Port ⚫ USB Ports: On most desktop computers, most of the USB ports are on the back of the computer case. Fig: USB Ports
8 Different Ports ⚫ Monitor Port: This is where you'll connect your monitor cable. In this example, the computer has both a Display Port and a VGA port. Other computers may have other types of monitor ports, such as DVI (digital visual interface) or HDMI (high-definition multimedia interface). Fig: Monitor Port
⚫ Serial Port: This port is less
common on today's computers. It was frequently used to connect peripherals like digital cameras, but it has been replaced by USB and other types of ports. Fig: Serial Port
9 Different Ports ⚫ PS/2 Port: These ports are sometimes used for connecting the mouse and keyboard. Typically, the mouse port is green, and the keyboard port is purple. On new computers, Fig: PS/2 Port these ports have been replaced by USB.
⚫ Parallel Port: This is an
older port that is less common on new computers. Like the serial port, it has now been Fig: Parallel Port replaced by USB.
10 Expansion Slots These empty slots are where expansion cards are added to computers. For example, if your computer did not come with a video card, you could purchase Fig: Expansion Slots one and install it here.
11 Peripherals Can Use With Computer ⚫ Mobile phones, MP3 players, tablet computers, and other devices: When you buy an electronic device such as a mobile phone or MP3 player, check to see if it comes with a USB cable. If it does, this means you can connect it to your computer.
12 Exercise 2.1 1. What is Computer case? Discuss the size of Computer Case. 2. Describe the layout and Major components of Computer Case. 3. Prepare a list of components of computer case. 4. What is a computer monitor? 5. Write a short description of CRT monitor? 6. Write a short description of LCD monitor? 7. Write a short description of LED monitor? 8. What is OLED? 9. What do you understand by power supply? 10. Write short note of mouse. 11. What do you mean by serial and parallel port? 12. Write short description of different peripheral devices.
13 Inside a Computer ⚫ CPU/Processor- Central Processing Unit also called a processor or brain of the computer. Whenever you press a key, click the mouse, or start an application, you're sending instructions to the CPU. The CPU fits into the motherboard's CPU socket, which is covered by the heat sink. A processor's speed is measured in megahertz (MHz), or millions of instructions per second; and gigahertz (GHz), or billions of instructions per second. Fig: Processor Intel and AMD are manufacturer of CPU. 14 Inside a Computer ⚫ Power supply unit- The power supply unit in a computer converts the power from the wall outlet to the type of power needed by the computer. It sends power through cables to the motherboard and other Fig: Power supply unit components. If you decide to open the computer case and take a look, make sure to unplug the computer first. 15 Inside a Computer ⚫ RAM (random access memory)- RAM is your system's short-term memory. Whenever your computer performs calculations, it temporarily stores the data in the RAM until it is needed. Fig: RAM This short-term memory disappears when the computer is turned off. RAM is measured in megabytes (MB) or gigabytes (GB). 16 Inside a Computer ⚫ Hard drive- The hard drive on your computer is where the software is installed, and it's also where your documents and other files are stored. The hard drive is long-term storage, which means the data is Fig: Hard drive still saved even if you turn the computer off or unplug it. 17 Hardware in Computer Networking ⚫ Modem- A modem is a type of hardware device that converts between analog and digital data in real time for two-way network communication. The term is short Fig: Modem for MODulator dEModulator.
18 Hardware in Computer Networking ⚫ Router- A router is a hardware device that allows you to connect several computers and other devices to a single Internet connection. Many routers are Fig: Router wireless. Most routers also act as a hardware firewall. 19 Hardware in Computer Networking ⚫ Network card- A network card is a piece of hardware that allows computers to communicate over a computer network. computers have a network card built into the motherboard. The network card will Fig: Network card have an Ethernet port, a wireless connection, or both. 20 Thank You 21
