Disaster managment

Disaster Management
Definition:
A sudden event that causes large scale damage to life, property and social
aspects of a nation or society is called a disaster.
How and why do the following disasters occur?

1. Floods due to heavy rains.
2. An earthquake, lightning, a volcanic eruption, etc.
3. Forest fires
4. Increased risk due to high density of population in a limited area.
5. Rampant and irregular constructions.
6. Ecological imbalance.
7. Terrorism, riots and crimes resulting in bomb explosions, assaults, fire
and accidents, etc.
Classification of Disaster:
Disasters
Natural Man made
Understanding some Natural & Manmade disasters:
 Man-made: Fire, leakage of chemical gases, bomb explosion,

collapse of a building, war, forest fire.
 Natural: earthquake, storms, floods, tsunami, forest fire.
Earthquake:
a. Interior earth movements release energy, causing seismic waves and
surface tremors. These vibrations, known as seismic waves in
earthquakes, can result from man-made activities like mining and dam
construction.
b. Effects are: Destruction of huge buildings, change in direction of river
flow and loss of life.
Flood:
a. It occurs when rivers overflow due to excessive rains. In big cities,
inadequate drainage causes flooding, affecting roads and houses.
b. Effects are: Spread of epidemics due to water clog, soil erosion and
destruction of crop
Storms:
a. Strong gust of wind that occurs due to flow of air between two pressure
belts.
b. Effects are: Loss of life and property, electrical and travel and
communication disruption
Forest fires:
a. The speedy spreading of the fire in the forest or grassland due to
manmade or natural cause.
b. Effects are: Damage to natural wealth and air pollution
Note: Taking steps to prevent disasters, making plans to face disasters

and developing the capacity for that, is called disaster management.
Some incidents of disasters
1. In 1993, many people died due to the earthquake at Killari in Latur
district.
2. July 2005 when many people had lost their lives in the deluge caused
by heavy rains.
3. In July 2014, the whole village of Malin in Ambegaon taluka of Pune
district was destroyed in a matter of minutes due to a landslide.
4. November 2015, many people died due to the flooding caused by heavy
rains in Tamil Nadu.
 Remedial and preventive measures:

Precautions:
1. Stay informed through TV, radio, and online sources line
www.imd.gov.in
2. Use battery-operated radios and mobiles for communication.
3. Heed Meteorological Department warnings.
4. Avoid sheltering at the foot of a hill during landslides.
5. During floods, seek higher ground, don't enter water, and move to
safe places.
6. Check road safety during earthquakes.
7. Seek relief camps for necessary supplies.
8. Use fire extinguishers in public places for fire protection.
Note: Giving some immediate aid even before medical treatment

becomes available id called First aid.
 Types of First Aids:

1. External bleeding:
Make the person sit or lie down with the bleeding part above the level of
heart and clean the wound.
2. Burns and scalds:
For Minor Burns:
a. Wash the injured part with water and clean the wound with cotton
swab dipped in an antiseptic solution.
b. Avoid oily ointments and cover the area using dry dressing.
For Serious Burns:

a. Cover the wounds with sterilised cloth, by removing the jewellery,
shoes etc. if and only if it is not stuck to burnt skin.
b. Avoid oily ointments, provide emotional support and let the person
drink some water if he/she is conscious.
c. Get medical aid at once
3. Sun stoke:
Definition: The loss of consciousness due to excessive loss of water and
minerals due to intense sun is called a sun stroke.
Remedial measures
a. Make the person lie back with a cloth soaked in cold water on the neck
followed by damping the entire body in a cool or shaded place.
b. If the patient feels like vomiting make him lie prone, i.e., on his/her
abdomen with the head turned to one side.
c. Get medical help or shift the patient to a hospital
4. Snake bite:
Encountering a snake doesn't guarantee fatality, as only a few species are
venomous. Psychological shock from fear can be harmful. Seek a "Sarpa-
mitra" for assistance instead of killing the snake immediately.
Remedial measures:
a. Wash the wound with water and tie a cloth tightly above the wound.
b. Give emotional support to the patient and get an immediate medical
help.
5. Dog bite:
a. Wash the wound with a solution of potassium permanganate or other
antiseptic.
b. Cover the wound with clean and dry cloth
c. Get a doctor’s help and an injection of the anti-rabies vaccine.
Contact them for disaster management
Police : 100, Fire Brigade : 101, Ambulance : 102, Disaster management

cell : 108

Disaster managment

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Disaster Management

How and why do the following disasters occur?

Natural Man made

Understanding some Natural & Manmade disasters:

 Man-made: Fire, leakage of chemical gases, bomb explosion,

Note: Taking steps to prevent disasters, making plans to face disasters

 Remedial and preventive measures:

Note: Giving some immediate aid even before medical treatment

 Types of First Aids:

For Serious Burns:

Contact them for disaster management

Police : 100, Fire Brigade : 101, Ambulance : 102, Disaster management

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