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    POTYVIRUS INFECTION ON GROUNDNUT IN TAMIL NADU, INDIA

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    IJAR JOURNAL
    The research article investigates Potyvirus infection in groundnut crops in Tamil Nadu, India, highlighting its economic significance and susceptibility to various pathogens. The study found that 43.75% of the leaf and seed samples tested positive for Potyvirus, with symptoms including mottling and vein clearing. The findings indicate that Potyvirus is prevalent in the region and may also be seed-borne, warranting further investigation.

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    POTYVIRUS INFECTION ON GROUNDNUT IN TAMIL NADU, INDIA

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    IJAR JOURNAL
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    The research article investigates Potyvirus infection in groundnut crops in Tamil Nadu, India, highlighting its economic significance and susceptibility to various pathogens. The study found that 43.75% of the leaf and seed samples tested positive for Potyvirus, with symptoms including mottling and vein clearing. The findings indicate that Potyvirus is prevalent in the region and may also be seed-borne, warranting further investigation.

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    Groundnut is one of the major oil seed cropthat is commercially and economically important. Groundnuts are rich in proteins and other essential elements. This crop is susceptible to virus, bacteria and fungal infections. One such serious viral infection is caused by a large group of virus belonging to Potyvirus, which leads to the yield loss. Potyvirus show symptoms of Mottling, Vein Clearing, extreme mosaic, sometimes they may be asymptomatic also. Potyviruses occur both in seeds and on the pla

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    The research article investigates Potyvirus infection in groundnut crops in Tamil Nadu, India, highlighting its economic significance and susceptibility to various pathogens. The study found that 43.75% of the leaf and seed samples tested positive for Potyvirus, with symptoms including mottling and vein clearing. The findings indicate that Potyvirus is prevalent in the region and may also be seed-borne, warranting further investigation.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    5 views4 pages

    POTYVIRUS INFECTION ON GROUNDNUT IN TAMIL NADU, INDIA

    Uploaded by

    IJAR JOURNAL
    The research article investigates Potyvirus infection in groundnut crops in Tamil Nadu, India, highlighting its economic significance and susceptibility to various pathogens. The study found that 43.75% of the leaf and seed samples tested positive for Potyvirus, with symptoms including mottling and vein clearing. The findings indicate that Potyvirus is prevalent in the region and may also be seed-borne, warranting further investigation.

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    ISSN: 2320-5407 Int. J. Adv. Res.

    12(11), 939-942

    Journal Homepage: -www.journalijar.com

    Article DOI:10.21474/IJAR01/19905
    DOI URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/IJAR01/19905

    RESEARCH ARTICLE
    POTYVIRUS INFECTION ON GROUNDNUT IN TAMIL NADU, INDIA

    Swarna Lekha S.1, Anitha R.2, Harika M.S1 and Munusami A.1
    1. Research Scholar, Department of Botany, Bharathi Women’s College, George Town, Broadway, Chennai-
    600108, Tamil Nadu, India.
    2. Assistant Professor, Department of Botany, Bharathi Women’s College, George Town, Broadway, Chennai-
    600108, Tamil Nadu, India.
    ……………………………………………………………………………………………………....
    Manuscript Info Abstract
    ……………………. ………………………………………………………………
    Manuscript History Groundnut is one of the major oil seed cropthat is commercially and
    Received: 11 September 2024 economically important. Groundnuts are rich in proteins and other
    Final Accepted: 21 October 2024 essential elements. This crop is susceptible to virus, bacteria and
    Published: November 2024 fungal infections. One such serious viral infection is caused by a large
    group of virus belonging to Potyvirus, which leads to the yield loss.
    Key words:-
    Groundnut, Potyvirus, ELISA Potyvirus show symptoms of Mottling, Vein Clearing, extreme mosaic,
    sometimes they may be asymptomatic also. Potyviruses occur both in
    seeds and on the plants. Incidence of Poty virus was screened in leaf
    and seed samples collected from Tamilnadu,India. About 43.75% of the
    sample were positive for Potyvirus of which 50% of leaves and 50 % of
    seeds were infected.

    Copyright, IJAR, 2024,. All rights reserved.


    ……………………………………………………………………………………………………....
    Introduction:-
    Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is considered as a one of the important oil crop which benefits economically as it
    paves way for oil Production. Seeds are rich in 50 % oil, 30% protein and most vitamins, minerals and bioactive
    compounds(Janila et al., 2012) Since it is rich in oil and other sources, it is easily susceptible to microbes. Most of
    the microbes such as bacteria, fungi and virus easily affect the groundnut crops which drastically leads to yield
    loss.Area of groundnut in Tamilnadu majorly grown in the districts of Thiruvallur, Villupuram, Thiruvanamalai,
    Namakkal, Erode , Ranipet, Ariyalur, Cuddaloreetc

    One of the viral disease is caused by potyvirus belonging to the family Potyviridae. Potyvirus named after Potato
    Virus Y (PVY) is one of the largest groups in plant virus has 180 members distinctly which is 30 % of all known
    plant virus that affects agricultural, horticultural and ornamental plants. This virus has a significant inclusion body
    which may be pinwheel or scroll shaped. Virions are rod and flexuous, 680 to900 nanometres long with 11 to 15
    nanometres wide made of 2000 units of structural proteins (Riechmann et al., 1992). Potyvirus made of ssRNA, i.e.
    Single Stranded RNA which is about 10 kb long and it is surrounded by 2000 copies of Coat protein units (Urcuqui-
    Inchima et al., 2001). Speaking about the yield loss due to potyvirus, Potato Virus Y and Plum Pox virus of
    potyvirus occupy top 10 position in causing yield loss.Transmission of Potyvirus is mainly through aphids and
    sometimes seed borne (Ivanov et al., 2014). Symptoms of the potyvirus include mosaic stripe, mottling, vein
    clearing and banding, necrosisor chlorosis, flower breaking and yield losses (Sharma et al., 2014).

    The main objective of the studyis to determine the disease severity of potyviruses both qualitative and quantitatively
    in Tamilnadu.

    Corresponding Author:-Anitha R. 939


    Address:-Assistant Professor, Department of Botany, Bharathi Women’s College,
    George Town, Broadway, Chennai-600108, Tamil Nadu, India.
    ISSN: 2320-5407 Int. J. Adv. Res. 12(11), 939-942

    Materials and Methods:-


    Collection of Plant Materials:
    Leaf samples with Mosaic, Vein Banding , Mottling were collected from districts of Tiruvallur, Ranipet, Villupuram
    ,Tamil Nadu and Tirupathi district in Andhra Pradesh, India.Seed samples were mostly collected from farmers of
    Thiruvallur, Villupuram, Thiruvanamalai, Dindugal, Ariyalur and Coimbatore districts in Tamilnadu and Tirupathi
    and Chitoor districts in Andhra Pradesh , India.Both healthy and diseased leaves were collected.The samples were
    stored in deep freezers(-20 O C). The seed varieties collected were K6, K2 ,TMV 2, TMV 7, TMV10 and TMV 14
    and also TCGS 894.Of the 64 samples, 1:1 ratio of leaf and seeds samples were screened .

    Detection Of Potyvirus Using ELISA Kit


    Poty virus Screening Kit (Agida) was purchased from Life Technologies, India. The samples were grinded with IEB
    buffer and 100 microliters placed in the ELISA plate and rested for an hour. After an hour washed the plates with
    wash buffer and added ECL bufferand kept in dark for 12 hours. Then add Enzyme Conjugate and Substrate and the
    chromogen formed was read using ELISA reader at 650 nm.

    Results:-
    Most of the potyvirus can be detected using serological techniques. Indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assays
    (Indirect ELISA) can be performed for practical purpose and easily detect more plant samples (Nascimento et al.,
    2017). On adding the stop solution visibility of yellow colour indicates the sample to be positive . However , the
    colour variation depends on the viral load. Of the 31samples of leaf and seed respectively 43.75% were positive.
    The overall percentage of the severity of Potyvirus in Tamilnadu was 43.75% .

    Table 1:- Detection of Potyvirus in Leaf Samples.


    S.NO SAMPLE NAME DISTRICT POSITIVE/NEGATIVE
    01 ARAKONAM 1 RANIPET +
    02 ARAKONAM 2 RANIPET +
    03 ARAKONAM 3 RANIPET +
    04 ARAKONAM 4 RANIPET +
    05 THIRUVALUR 1 THIRUVALLUR +
    06 THIRUVALLUR 2 THIRUVALLUR +
    07 THIRUVALLUR 3 THIRUVALLUR +
    08 SEETHANJERI 1 THIRUVALLUR -
    09 SEETHANJERI 2 THIRUVALLUR +
    10 PERIYAPALAYAM THIRUVALLUR +
    11 ARAKONAM 5 RANIPET +
    12 NEW GUMMIDIPOONDI THIRUVALLUR +
    13 CHINLAPURAM THIRUVALLUR -
    14 SUNAMBUKULAM THIRUVALLUR -
    15 ELAVUR THIRUVALLUR -
    16 GUMMIDIPOONDI THIRUVALLUR -
    17 RAKKAMPALAYAM THIRUVALLUR -
    18 OBASAMUDRAM THIRUVALLUR -
    19 THIRUVALLUR 4 THIRUVALLUR -
    20 THREE ROAD THIRUVALLUR -
    21 THULAMPALAM THIRUVALLUR -
    22 TINDIVANAM VILLUPURAM +
    23 POORIVAKKAM THIRUVALLUR -
    24 POORIVAKKAM THIRUVALLUR -
    25 PANDI THIRUVALLUR -
    26 ALAPAKKAM THIRUVALLUR -
    27 THIRUVALLUR 5 THIRUVALLUR -
    28 VIJAYAGOPALAPURAM TIRUPATHI +
    29 KANCHANAPUTHUR TIRUPATHI +
    30 ODAPAI 1 THIRUVALLUR +

    940
    ISSN: 2320-5407 Int. J. Adv. Res. 12(11), 939-942

    31 ODAPAI 2 THIRUVALLUR +

    Table 2:- Detection Of Potyvirus Iin Seed Samples.


    S.NO SAMPLE NAME DISTRICT SEED VARIETY POSITIVE/NEGATIVE
    01 SEETHANJERI 1 THIRUVALLUR K2 +
    02 SEETHANJERI 2 THIRUVALLUR TMV (Gn) 13 +
    03 ODAPAI 1 THIRUVALLUR TMV 10 +
    04 ODAPAI 2 THIRUVALLUR K 6 WHITE +
    05 ODAPAI 3 THIRUVALLUR TMV2 -
    06 THAZHUTHALI VILLUPURAM TMV (Gn) 13 +
    07 PERIYAPALAYAM THIRUVALLUR TMV (Gn) 13 +
    08 ODDANCHATRAM DINDUGAL TMV 10 -
    09 CHEYYAR THIRUVANAMALAI TCGS 894 +
    10 VILLUPURAM VILLUPURAM -
    11 TINDIVANAM 1 VILLUPURAM TMV 1 +
    12 TINDIVANAM 2 VILLUPURAM TMV 2 -
    13 ODAPAI 4 THIRUVALLUR K 6 WHITE -
    14 ODAPAI 5 THIRUVALLUR K2 +
    15 ODAPAI 6 THIRUVALLUR K 6 WHITE +
    16 PUDUPATU THIRUVANAMALAI TCGS 894 -
    17 OTHAMPATU THIRUVANAMALAI TMV14 -
    18 CHEYYAR 2 THIRUVANAMALAI TMV 7 -
    19 NALLAPALAYAM VILLUPURAM TMV10 -
    TMV (Gn) 13 -
    20 NALLAPALAM 1 THIRUVANAMALAI
    21 NALLAPALAM2 THIRUVANAMALAI TMV 2 -
    22 VALLAPALAYAM VILLUPURAM TMV 2 -
    KILMALAYAN VILLUPURAM -
    23 TMV 7
    GRAMAM
    24 VILLUPURAM 2 VILUPURAM TMV 10 -
    25 VIRUDACHALAM CUDDALORE TMV 2 -
    26 B.N. KANDRIGA TIRUPATHI TMV 7 -
    27 GERUGAMPONDI THIRUVALLUR TMV 7 -
    28 SIRUVAPURI 1 THIRUVALLUR TMV 2 +
    29 SIRUVAPURI 2 THIRUVALLUR TMV 7 +
    30 JAYAMKONDAN ARIYALUR TMV 7 +
    31 COIMBATORE COIMBATORE TMV 2 +

    Conclusion:-
    Both seeds and leaves 43.75 % of the samples tested positive. It is evident from the study that Potyviruses prevail in
    the field of Tamilnadu and it is also seed borne in nature. Confirmation on the seed borne nature needs further
    investigation.

    Acknowledgement:-
    We thank our Principal and Head of the Department, Bharathi Women’s College, Chennai for Providing the
    laboratory facilities. Also we thank Life Technologies for providing the Potyvirus ELISA Kit.

    Authors Biography:
    All the authors are from Department of Botany, Bharathi Women’s College, Chennai 600108, Tamilnadu, India.
    Corresponding Author is Assistant Professor and all other authors are Research Scholars. All the information
    provided above are true and there is no conflict of interest.

    941
    ISSN: 2320-5407 Int. J. Adv. Res. 12(11), 939-942

    Reference:-
    1. Ivanov, K. I., Eskelin, K., Lohmus, A., & Mäkinen, K. (2014). Molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying
    potyvirus infection. Journal of General Virology, 95(7), 1415-1429.
    2. Janila, P., Nigam, S. N., Pandey, M. K., Nagesh, P., & Varshney, R. K. (2013). Groundnut improvement: use of
    genetic and genomic tools. Frontiers in plant science, 4, 23.
    3. Nascimento, A. K. Q., Lima, J. A. A., & Barbosa, G. D. S. (2017). A simple kit of plate-trapped antigen
    enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for identification of plant viruses. RevistaCiênciaAgronômica, 48(1), 216-
    220.
    4. Riechmann, J. L., Lain, S., & García, J. A. (1992). Highlights and prospects of potyvirus molecular
    biology. Journal of General Virology, 73(1), 1-16.
    5. Sharma, P., Sahu, A. K., Verma, R. K., Mishra, R., Choudhary, D. K., & Gaur, R. K. (2014). Current status of
    Potyvirus in India. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 47(8), 906-918.
    6. Urcuqui-Inchima, S., Haenni, A. L., & Bernardi, F. (2001). Potyvirus proteins: a wealth of functions. Virus
    research, 74(1-2), 157-175.

    942

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