Saint Louis University School of Nursing Baguio City

Teaching Plan (Amoebiasis)

Submitted by: Cabais, Aristotel C. BSN-IV D1 August 15, 2011

Submitted to: Maam Almas

Teaching Plan for Amoebiasis Description of the Learner: The learner is a 31 years old, female, married and currently living at Philex Mines, Baguio city. She is the mother of a 3 year old boy who was admitted due to bronchopneumonia and amoebiasis. She was a college graduate of computer science in University of Cordillera. She can talk and understand Ilocano, Tagalog and English. She verbalized that she want to learn about amoebiasis. Learning Need: Knowledge about amoebiasis Time Allotment: 45 minutes Objectives After 45 minutes of health teaching about uterine fibroids the client will:  Define amoebiasis using her own words and understanding Content Strategy Evaluation

 Definition of amoebiasis

 One on one discussion with the use of pamphlet defining amoebiasis.

 Instant oral feedback: The patient will be able to define amoebiasis using her own words and understanding.  Instant oral feedback: The client will be able to identify the causative agent of amoebiasis.  Instant oral feedback: The client will be able to enumerate at 3 least out of 5 causes and risk factors of amoebiasis.

 Identify the causative agent of amoebiasis

 Causative agent of amoebiasis

 One on one discussion with the use of pamphlet identifying causative agent of amoebiasis.  One on one discussion with the use of pamphlet enumerating causes and risk factors of amoebiasis.

 Enumerate at 3 least out of 5 causes and risk factors of amoebiasis

 Causes and risk factors of amoebiasis

 Enumerate at least 4 out of 8 signs and symptoms of amoebiasis

 Signs and symptoms of amoebiasis

 One on one discussion with the use of pamphlet enumerating signs and symptoms of amoebisis.

 Instant oral feedback: The client will be able to enumerate at least 4 out of 8 signs and symptoms of amoebiasis.  Instant oral feedback: The client will be able to enumerate at least 2 out of 4 treatment of amoebiasis.  Instant oral feedback: The client will be able to enumerate at least 3 out of 6 prevention of amoebiasis.  Instant oral feedback: The client will be able to enumerate at least 3 out of 5 complications of amoebiasis.

 Enumerate at least 2 out of 4 treatment of amoebiasis

 Treatment of amoebiasis

 One on one discussion with the use of pamphlet enumerating treatment of amoebiasis.  One on one discussion with the use of pamphlet enumerating prevention of amoebiasis.  One on one discussion with the use of pamphlet enumerating complications of amoebiasis.

 Enumerate at least 3 out of 6 prevention of amoebiasis

 Prevention of amoebiasis

 Enumerate at least 3 out of 5 complications of amoebiasis

 Complications of amoebiasis

References: www.health-disease.org www.wikipedia.com

Learning Content: Definition Amoebiasis (also known as spelt amebiasis) is an infection caused by the parasite entamoeba histolytica. It is usually contracted by ingesting water or food contaminated with amoebic cysts. Amoebiasis is an intestinal infection that may or may not be symptomatic. When symptoms are present it is generally known as invasive amoebiasis. People with amoebiasis have Entamoeba histolytica parasites in their faeces. The infection can spread when infected people do not dispose of their faeces in a sanitary manner or do not wash their hands properly after going to the toilet. It is usually transmitted by contamination of drinking water and foods with fecal matter, but it can also be transmitted indirectly through contact with dirty hands or objects. After infection, it may take from a few days up to two to four weeks before becoming ill. Some people with amebiasis may carry the parasite for weeks to years, often without symptoms. Causes of Amoebiasis Amoebiasis is caused by a protozoa. Amoebiasis is commonly spread by water contaminated by feces or from food served by contaminated hands. It can also spread to other organs like the liver, and brain by invading the venous system of the intestines. Asymptomatic carriers pass cysts in the feces. Contaminated drinking water can also spread infection. The disease may also spread by oral-anal contact. Common causes and risk factors of Amoebiasis:
y y y y y

Eating contaminated food. Anal or directly from person to person contact. Eating Non-Veg foods. Unhygienic conditions and Poor sanitation areas. Eating vegetables and fruits which have been contaminated by the harmful bacteria.

Signs and Symptoms of Amoebiasis The most common symptoms of amoebiasis are diarrhea, stomach cramps and fever. Rarely, amoebiasis can cause an abscess in the liver. Entamoeba histolytica parasites are only found in humans. After infection, it may take a few days, several months or even years before you become ill but it is usually about two or four weeks. Sign and symptoms may include the following:

y y y y y y y

Abdominal cramps. Nausea. Painful passage of stools. Loss of Weight. Severe stomach pain. Loss of Appetite. Profuse diarrhea.

Treatment for Amoebiasis As a result two different sorts of drugs are needed to rid the body of the infection, one for each location. Metronidazole, or a related drug such a tinidazole, is used to destroy amebae that have invaded tissue. It is rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream and transported to the site of infection. Antibiotics, such as Metronidazole are necessary, and are given for 5 days for amoebic dysentery and for 10-14 days if there is a liver abcess or extraintestinal spread. Large abcesses in the liver may require drainage, using an ultrasound scan to localise the abcess accurately and position the drainage needle. Treatment may include:
y y y y

An anti-diarrhoeal medication may also be prescribed. Metronidazole can produce a metallic taste in the mouth and may give rise to nausea. Make a leaf paste with dried neem leaves and an equal quantity of turmeric powder mixed with mustard oil. This should be applied on the body and left for an hour or so and then the person should bath. If amoebiasis causes an abscess on your liver or other organs and the abscess does not respond to antibiotics, it may need to be drained surgically. The juice of apricot leaves should be extracted and applied over the infected area. It has beneficial results in the treatment of amoebiasis.

Prevention To help prevent the spread of amoebiasis around the home :

Wash hands thoroughly with soap and hot running water for at least 10 seconds after using the toilet or changing a baby's diaper, and before handling food. Clean bathrooms and toilets often; pay particular attention to toilet seats and taps. Avoid sharing towels or face washers.

To help prevent infection:

Avoid raw vegetables when in endemic areas, as they may have been fertilized using human feces. Boil water or treat with iodine tablets. Avoid eating Street Foods especially in public places where others are sharing sauces in one container

Good sanitary practice, as well as responsible sewage disposal or treatment, are necessary for the prevention of E.histolytica infection on an endemic level. E.histolytica cysts are usually resistant to chlorination, therefore sedimentation and filtration of water supplies are necessary to reduce the incidence of infection.[11] Complications In the majority of cases, amoebas remain in the gastrointestinal tract of the hosts. Severe ulceration of the gastrointestinal mucosal surfaces occurs in less than 16% of cases. In fewer cases, the parasite invades the soft tissues, most commonly the liver. Only rarely are masses formed (amoebomas) that lead to intestinal obstruction.(Mistaken for Ca caecum and appendicular mass) Other local complications include bloody diarrhea, pericolic and pericaecal abscess. .