SINGAPORE STANDARD Code of practice for water services
ISBN 9971-67-998-1 CP 48 : 2005
This Singapore Standard was approved by the Building and Construction Standards Committee on behalf of the Standards Council of Singapore on 4 March 2005.
First published, 1990
Second revision, 2005.
The Building and Construction Standards Committee appointed by the Standards Council consists of the following members:
Name Capacity Chairman : Mr Goh Peng Thong Member, Standards Council st 1 Deputy Chairman : Dr Tam Chat Tim Member, Standards Council nd 2 Deputy Chairman : Mr Tan Tian Chong Member, Standards Council Secretary 1 : Mr Kenneth Lim See Khoon SPRING Singapore Secretary 2 : Ms Lee Hiok Hoong SPRING Singapore Members : Mr Boo Geok Kwang Singapore Civil Defence Force / Fire Safety and Shelter Department Mr Chan Kok Way Individual Capacity Dr Jimmy Chen Wie Ying Individual Capacity Mr Chin Jen Chyi Building and Construction Authority Mr Chong Kee Sen Institution of Engineers, Singapore Mr Desmond Hill Singapore Contractors Association Limited Mr Joseph Lai Kuong Kiu JTC Corporation Mr Benedict Lee Khee Chong Singapore Institute of Architects Assoc Prof Leong Eng Choon Nanyang Technological University Mr Lim Bok Ngam Land Transport Authority Mr Larry Ng Lye Hock Urban Redevelopment Authority Assoc Prof Gary Ong Khim Chye National University of Singapore Er. See Sing Kok Singapore Manufacturers’ Federation Er. Shum Chee Hoong Housing & Development Board Dr Tan Guan Association of Consulting Engineers, Singapore
The Technical Committee on Building Services appointed by the Building and Construction Standards Committee and responsible for the preparation of this standard consists of representatives from the following organisations:
Name Capacity Chairman : Dr Jimmy Chen Wie Ying Individual Capacity Secretary : Mr Kenneth Lim See Khoon SPRING Singapore Members : Mr Bok Chee Meng Building and Construction Authority Prof Bong Tet Yin ASHRAE, Singapore Chapter Mr Chai Ng Fook Housing & Development Board Mr Chue Fook Chee CPG Consultants Pte Ltd Mr Kang Ngek Kong Energy Market Authority
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Members Mr Kuang Kim Yaw Public Utilities Board
Mr Simon Lee Institution of Engineers, Singapore Mr Lee Wee Keong Singapore Civil Defence Force / Fire Safety and Shelter Department Mr Lim See Gan Public Utilities Board Mr Lum Yun Kheun Surbana (subsidiary of HDB Corp) Assoc Prof Ng Kim Choon National University of Singapore Mr Mel Saiquel Singapore Contractors Association Limited Mr Tay Cher Seng Institution of Engineers, Singapore Mr Wang Chin Chong Ngee Ann Ploytechnic Assoc Prof Wong Yew Wah Nanyang Technological University Mr Philip Ying JTC Corporation
The Working Group appointed by the Technical Committee to assist in the preparation of this standard comprises the following experts who contribute in their individual capacity:
Name Convenor : Er. Tan Heng Wee Members : Mr Chua Cher Cheow Mr Kuang Kim Yaw Er. Ng Kim Leang Mr Ramahad Singh Er. Roland Tan Juay Pah
The experts of the Working Group are nominated/recommended by the following organisations:
Association of Consulting Engineers Singapore
Housing & Development Board Institution of Engineers, Singapore Public Utilities Board Singapore Plumbing Society
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Contents Page
Foreword 6
CODE OF PRACTICE
1 General 1.1 Scope 7 1.2 Definitions 7 1.3 Preliminaries 9 1.4 Standards of materials and fittings 10 2 Distribution 2.1 Pipework 11 2.2 Choice of materials for piping 12 2.3 Mains 13 2.4 Services 14 2.5 Hot water supply systems 16 2.6 Mode of water supply 17 2.7 Distribution in tall buildings 18 2.8 Fire-fighting services 18 3 Storage 3.1 General 19 3.2 Storage capacity 22 3.3 Storage tanks 22 4 Fittings and appliances 4.1 Rates of flow 23 4.2 Fittings 24 4.3 Appliances 26 5 Work on site 5.1 Jointing of pipes 28 5.2 Connections between different materials 30 5.3 Jointing pipes to cisterns and tanks 30 5.4 Mainlaying 31 5.5 Service pipes 31 5.6 Meters 32 5.7 Pipework in services 33 5.8 Draw-off taps 34 5.9 Sterilisation of installation 34
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Page
6 Inspection, testing and maintenance
6.1 General 34 6.2 Mains 34 6.3 Services 35 6.4 Maintenance 35 7 Water conservation 7.1 General 37 7.2 Water conservation measures 38
ANNEX
A Sterilisation of installation 40
TABLES
1 Flow rates at various fittings or appliances 23
2 Maximum allowable flow rates and timing for self-closing delayed-action taps 24 3 Recommended meter sizes 33 4 Spacing of fixings for piping 34
FIGURES
1 Mode of water supply to water fittings located below 125 m reduced level 43 2 Mode of water supply to water fittings located above 125 m reduced level but below 137 m reduced level 44 3 Mode of water supply to water fittings located above 137m reduced level 45 4 System for raising and distributing water in high rise buildings with multi-stage pumping 46 5 Water meter in chamber 47 6 Water meter in chamber (with separate underground valve chamber) 48 7a Water meter and valves in chamber 49 7b Water meter and valves in chamber (alternate view) 50 8 Meter fixed horizontally and enclosed in gate pillar (for landed properties) 51 9 Sub-meters fixed vertically and enclosed in service duct 52 10 Sub-meters fixed horizontally and enclosed in service duct 53 11 Installation of water saving devices for various taps 54 12 Installation of water saving devices for showers taps and mixers 55
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Foreword
This Singapore Standard was prepared by the Technical Committee on Building Services under the purview of the Building and Construction Standards Committee.
The requirements under this Code are supplementary to the Public Utilities (Water Supply) Regulations and subsequent amendments and any guidelines which the Public Utilities Board may issue from time to time. Where any requirement of this Code conflicts with any specific requirement specified in the Public Utilities (Water Supply) Regulations and subsequent amendments or any guidelines issued by the Public Utilities Board (PUB), the requirements stipulated by PUB shall prevail.
This Code is based on the 1981 edition of the Public Utilities Board Code of Practice on Water Services and is intended to provide guidance to Professional Engineers, Registered Architects and Licensed Water Services Plumbers in the design, installation, fixing, testing and maintenance of water services in all residential, commercial and industrial buildings/premises.
In preparing this Code, reference was also made to BS 6700 “Specification for design, installation, testing and maintenance of services supplying water for domestic use within buildings and their curtilages”.
Acknowledgement is made for the use of information from the above references and the publications listed at the end of this Code.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this Singapore Standard may be the subject of patent rights. Enterprise Singapore shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all of such patent rights.
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Code of practice for water services
1 General
1.1 Scope
This code deals with services for the supply of potable water to all residential, commercial and industrial buildings/premises. The scope of the Code extends from the Authority’s water supply to the point where the water is drawn off for use, including storage. It does not cover all aspects of services for the supply of water for fire fighting.
