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Python_Functions_Complete_Guide

The document provides a comprehensive overview of Python function topics, including definitions, parameters, return statements, and advanced techniques such as decorators and higher-order functions. It also covers best practices for writing functions and concepts like recursion, generators, and coroutines. Each section includes key concepts and examples to facilitate understanding of Python functions.

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harshit sharma
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2 views

Python_Functions_Complete_Guide

The document provides a comprehensive overview of Python function topics, including definitions, parameters, return statements, and advanced techniques such as decorators and higher-order functions. It also covers best practices for writing functions and concepts like recursion, generators, and coroutines. Each section includes key concepts and examples to facilitate understanding of Python functions.

Uploaded by

harshit sharma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Complete List of Python Function Topics

1. Introduction to Functions
- What is a function?
- Importance and benefits of functions
- Built-in vs. user-defined functions

2. Defining and Calling Functions


- The def keyword
- Function naming conventions
- Function signature (parameters, body, return values)
- Calling a function
- Function documentation (docstrings)

3. Function Parameters and Arguments


- Positional Arguments
- Default Arguments
- Keyword Arguments
- Mixing Positional and Keyword Arguments
- Variable-Length Arguments (*args and **kwargs)
- Mutable vs Immutable Arguments

4. Return Statement
- Using return to send values from a function
- Returning multiple values (tuples, lists, dictionaries)
- Returning None
- Using return vs. print()

5. Function Scope and Lifetime


- Local Variables (inside function scope)
- Global Variables (outside function scope)
- Modifying Global Variables with global Keyword
- Nonlocal Variables in Nested Functions (nonlocal Keyword)
- LEGB Rule (Local, Enclosing, Global, Built-in Scope)

6. Lambda (Anonymous) Functions


- Syntax of lambda functions
- Lambda function with multiple arguments
- Using lambda with built-in functions (map(), filter(), reduce())
- Lambda vs. regular functions

7. Recursion in Functions
- Concept of recursion (function calling itself)
- Writing recursive functions
- Base condition in recursion
- Examples: Factorial, Fibonacci
- Tail Recursion vs. Non-Tail Recursion

8. Function Decorators
- What are decorators?
- Creating and applying decorators (@decorator_name)
- Using multiple decorators
- Function wrappers in decorators
- Built-in decorators (@staticmethod, @classmethod, @property)

9. Higher-Order Functions
- Functions as first-class citizens
- Passing functions as arguments
- Returning functions from functions
- Nested functions (Inner functions)
- Closures in Python

10. Built-in Higher-Order Functions


- map() (Applying functions to iterables)
- filter() (Filtering elements based on conditions)
- reduce() (Reducing iterables to a single value using functools.reduce())
- sorted() with key functions

11. __name__ == '__main__'


- Understanding script execution flow
- Preventing function execution when a module is imported

12. Function Annotations


- What are function annotations?
- Syntax of annotations
- Using annotations for parameter and return type hints
- Type hinting best practices

13. Generators and yield Keyword


- What are generators?
- Difference between return and yield
- Generator functions vs. normal functions
- Using next() with generators
- Generator expressions

14. Coroutines in Python


- What are coroutines?
- Using async and await in Python functions
- asyncio module for asynchronous functions
- Example: Writing an asynchronous function

15. Partial Functions (functools.partial)


- What are partial functions?
- Creating a partial function using functools.partial()
- Use cases of partial functions

16. Memoization and Caching


- Concept of memoization
- Using functools.lru_cache for caching function results
- Example: Optimizing recursive Fibonacci using lru_cache

17. Function Overloading in Python


- Why Python does not support traditional function overloading
- Achieving function overloading using default arguments
- Using functools.singledispatch for function overloading

18. Anonymous Functions with exec() and eval()


- Using exec() to dynamically create functions
- Evaluating expressions inside a function with eval()
19. Advanced Function Techniques
- Function Composition
- Currying functions using functools.partial
- Dynamic function creation using type()
- Using globals() and locals() in functions
- Using functions inside classes (Instance methods, Static methods, and Class methods)

20. Best Practices for Writing Functions


- Using meaningful function names
- Keeping functions small and single-responsibility
- Avoiding side effects (modifying global variables inside functions)
- Using docstrings for documentation
- Writing unit tests for functions
- When to use recursion vs. loops
- Optimizing performance of functions

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