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Procedures & Functions

The document outlines the concepts of functions and procedures in programming, highlighting their definitions, differences, and usage. It explains how to define and call procedures and functions, as well as the distinction between local and global variables. Additionally, it introduces library routines such as ROUND and RANDOM for performing specific tasks.

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Sooraj Rajmohan
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10 views

Procedures & Functions

The document outlines the concepts of functions and procedures in programming, highlighting their definitions, differences, and usage. It explains how to define and call procedures and functions, as well as the distinction between local and global variables. Additionally, it introduces library routines such as ROUND and RANDOM for performing specific tasks.

Uploaded by

Sooraj Rajmohan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Procedures & Functions

IGCSE Computer Science - 0478

CS 0478
• Functions and procedures are a type of sub
program, a sequence of instructions that perform a specific
task or set of tasks
• Procedures and functions are defined at the start of the code
• Sub programs are often used to simplify a program by breaking
it into smaller, more manageable parts

CS 0478
• Parameters are values that are passed into a sub program.
• Parameters can be variables or values and they are located in br ackets after the
name of the sub program
• Example:
FUNCTION TaxCalculator(pay,taxcode) RETURNS DataType
PROCEDURE TaxCalculator(pay,taxcode)

CS 0478
What's the difference between a function and
procedure?

A Function returns a value whereas a procedure does


not

CS 0478
Procedures Definition
Procedures are defined using the PROCEDURE keyword in pseudocode

A procedure can be written as:


PROCEDURE <identifier> To call a procedure, it can be written as:
<statements>
ENDPROCEDURE CALL <identifier>
CALL <identifier>(Value1,Value2...)

Or if parameters are being used:


PROCEDURE <identifier>(<par1>:<data type>, <par2>:<data type>)
<statements>
ENDPROCEDURE

CS 0478
Function Definition
Functions
Functions are defined using the FUNCTION keyword in pseudocode or def keyword in
Python
Functions always return a value so they do not use the CALL function, instead they are
called within an expression
A function can be written as:
FUNCTION <identifier> RETURNS <data type>
<statements>
ENDFUNCTION

FUNCTION <identifier>(<par1>:<datatype>, <par2>:<datatype>) RETURNS <data type>


<statements>
ENDFUNCTION

CS 0478
Function Calling

To call a function, it can be written as:


Identifier  FunctionName( )
Identifier  FunctionName(par1,par2)

OR

OUTPUT FunctionName( )
OUTPUT FunctionName(par1,par2 )

CS 0478
Types of Variables

Local Variables
What is a local variable?
• A local variable is a variable declared within a specific scope, such
as a function or a code block
• Local variables are accessible only within the block in which they
are defined, and their lifetime is limited to that particular block
• Once the execution of the block ends, the local variable is
destroyed, and its memory is released

CS 0478
Types of Variables

Global Variables
What is a global variable?
• A global variable is a variable declared at the outermost level
of a program.
• They are declared outside any modules such as functions or
procedures
• Global variables have a global scope, which means they can
be accessed and modified from any part of the program

CS 0478
Library Routines

ROUND(<Identifier>,<Places>)
Returns the value of the identifier rounded to places number of decimal
places. The identifier should be of data type real, places should be data
type integer.

Cost ← 1.9556
OUTPUT ROUND(Cost,2)
// Outputs 1.95

CS 0478
Library Routines

RANDOM()
Returns a random number between 0 and 1 inclusive.

Value ← ROUND (RANDOM() * 6, 0)


// returns a whole number between 0 and 6
Value ← ROUND (RANDOM() * 6, 0)
// returns a whole number between 0 and 6

CS 0478

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