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SEMINAR PRESENTATION
ON
NUTRITIONAL IMPACT OF SUPPLEMENTARY

FEEDING PROGRAMME ON CHILDREN IN POTISKUM
LOCAL GOVERNMENT, YOBE STATE
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH

SCIENCES
(PUBLIC HEALTH TECHNOLOGY),
GALTIMA MAI KYARI COLLEGE OF HEALTH

SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY NGURU, YOBE STATE
SUPERVISED BY
SAN. AYUBA TURJIMAN
SEPTEMBER, 2023
1
BY
ZARA ADAMU MUHAMMAD
ND/PHT/22/27
CONTENTS
Abstract.....................................................................................................................................................4
2
Introduction.............................................................................................................................................5
Objectives of Feeding Programme.................................................................................................5
Supplementary Feeding Programme.............................................................................................6
Types of Supplementary Feeding Programme...........................................................................7
Common Nutritional Problem of Children..................................................................................8
Preventive Measures...........................................................................................................................8
Conclusion...............................................................................................................................................9
Reference................................................................................................................................................10
ABSTRACT
This study was a cross sectional evaluation study which sought to find out the
nutritional impact of the supplementary feeding programme on the target
3
population – children 6 months to 59 months. The study also looked at other
factors (socio-economic and demographic) known to affect the nutritional status of
children. The impact of the supplementary feeding programme was measured
based on anthropometric indicators ? height-for -age, weight ?for ? age, and
weight-for-height. The study used multistage sampling techniques to select 400
children 6 to 59 months from the base-line study carried out at the beginning of the
programme in 2003 by reviewing the existing baseline data.
INTRODUCTION
Malnutrition is a major health problem in a humanitarian emergency response

since it increases vulnerability to severe diseases, and growing children are
4
particularly vulnerable to its consequence. (Nielsen et al, 2004). Growth failure
which occurs in young children is only one of the results of the common
combination of inadequate child feeding, high rates of infection; and poor child
care. Prevalence of on malnutrition will increase during emergency phase and
happen in developing countries as well. During emergency phase, it is very
difficult to have food supply and potable water. As information, out of
emergency, in developing countries many parents are not able to provide
nutritious food for their children, because of socio-economic reasons. Due to the
reasons, many humanitarian agencies concern on children nutrition status, deliver
supplementary feeding programme
Supplementary Feeding Programme is well known as the most common type of

nutritional intervention in humanitarian response to prevent malnutrition.
Supplementary feeding is defined as the provision of extra food to poor children

or families beyond the normal ration of their home diets (Sguassero et al, 2005).
The target groups of complementary food program in both emergency and
nonemergency situations are considered to be most at risk. These groups
normally include children less than five years of age, pregnant and lactating
women, and the unhealthy person. In susceptibility group the nutritional status
can decrease rapidly due to lack of food and the access to get food such as in
emergency situation.
OBJECTIVES OF FEEDING PROGRAMME
The objectives of the feeding programmes are:
1) To supplement the diets of weaker sections of the community to combat under

nutrition.
2) To educate the community for combating and preventing malnutrition.
3) To increase school enrolment and attendance of children.
4) To encourage the use of local commodities for prevention of malnutrition.
SUPPLEMENTARY FEEDING PROGRAMME
5
Supplementary feeding programmes are relatively large programmes in which a
substantial number of beneficiaries are covered through the support of donors,
international agencies and local governments. Such programmes are primarily
designed to distribute food among children between the ages of six months and
six years in order to improve their nutritional status or to prevent deterioration in
their health and nutrition, both under emergency conditions and in response to
chronic food and nutrition insecurity and structural vulnerability.
Is the supplementary feeding programme more effective rather than giving

nutrition counselling to increase children growth for malnourished children?
Supplementary feeding is usually necessary in a food crisis or famine situation

where malnutrition rates exceed 15% and there is increased mortality or numbers
of severely malnourished (MSF, 1995). The primary objective of a supplementary
feeding programme is to treat moderate malnutrition and prevent further
deterioration in nutritional or health status (Nielsen, J, et all, 2004).
Children under five usually make up the largest target group in supplementary
feeding programme. There are various explanations why a child under five years
old becomes the largest target group in that programme. First, in emergency
situation, the prevalence of malnutrition and mortality among malnourished
children tends to increase higher than for any other age group. Sguassero et al
(2005). It also reveals that under nutrition is one of the leading underlying causes
of childhood morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Secondly, under
nutrition can influence child development. Therefore, identifying approach to
reduce the prevalence of malnutrition particularly in the vulnerable first 2 years of
life is a priority in developing countries. (Bhandari et al, 2004)
TYPE OF SUPPLEMENTARY FEEDING PROGRAM
Targeted supplementary feeding programmes
In this approach supplementary food is restricted to those individuals identified as

the most malnourished, or most nutritionally vulnerable or at risk during
6
nutritional emergencies. This includes pregnant women, lactating mothers and
young children under five years of age. The main objective of a targeted
supplementary feeding programme is to prevent the moderately malnourished
from becoming severely malnourished and consequently, to reduce the
prevalence of severe acute malnutrition and associated mortality.
Blanket supplementary feeding programme
In blanket supplementary feeding programmes (SFP) food is distributed as a

temporary measure to all vulnerable members of a population at risk of becoming
malnourished without identifying the most malnourished. The general objective
of a blanket SFP is to prevent widespread malnutrition and mortality.
Different types of supplementary feeding programmes have evolved over the

years as short-term measure to combat malnutrition. Some of these are on going
and some are no longer in operation now. The following are some of the
supplementary feeding programmes:
• Applied Nutrition Programme (ANP)
• Mid-Day Meal Programme (MDM)
• Special Nutrition Programme (SNP)
• Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS)
• Nutrition Prophylaxis
• Pradhan Mantris Gramodaya Yojana (PMGY)
• Nutrition Programme for Adolescent Girls (NPAG)
COMMON NUTRITIONAL PROBLEM OF CHILDREN IN POTISKUM
1. Anaemia in children
2. Obesity
3. Kwashiorkor
7
4. Marasmus
5. Blindness
6. Goitre
7. Starvation
8. Bulimia Nervosa
9. Anorexia Nervosa
PREVENTIVE MEASURE
1) Supplementation of energy and protein in the diets of pregnant and nursing

mothers and pre-school children to prevent malnutrition among children below 6
years.
2) Supplementation of iron and folic acid to prevent iron deficiency anaemia

among pregnant mothers and infants.
3) Supplementation of vitamin A to prevent blindness among pre-school children.
4) Supplementation of iodine to prevent goitre in certain regions.
CONCLUSION
Complementary feeding must be followed by educational intervention to acquire

the best result. In emergency phase, it is better to give supplementary feeding to
prevent children health status drop at malnourished condition due to limited food
supply and risk of infection because contaminated water resources. However, it
still needs accompanied by educational nutrition or counselling to mothers to
make the impact more sustain.
8
REFERENCE
Ashworth, A., Shrimpton, R. & Jamil, K., 2008, Review Article : Growth monitoring
and promotion: review of evidence of impact, Strategies and Interventions in
Public Health Nutrition, vol 4, pp 86-117,
URLhttp://www.blackwellsynergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.17408
709.2007.00125.x Bhandari, N., Bahl, R., Nayyar, B., Khokhar, P., Rohde, J.E. &
Bhan, M.K., 2001, Food Supplementation with Encouragement to Feed It to
Infants from 4 to 12 Months of Age Has a Small Impact on Weight Gain, Journal of
Nutrition, vol 131, pp.

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SEMINAR PRESENTATION

NUTRITIONAL IMPACT OF SUPPLEMENTARY

DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH

(PUBLIC HEALTH TECHNOLOGY),

GALTIMA MAI KYARI COLLEGE OF HEALTH

SAN. AYUBA TURJIMAN

ZARA ADAMU MUHAMMAD

Objectives of Feeding Programme.................................................................................................5

Supplementary Feeding Programme.............................................................................................6

Types of Supplementary Feeding Programme...........................................................................7

Common Nutritional Problem of Children..................................................................................8

Malnutrition is a major health problem in a humanitarian emergency response

Supplementary Feeding Programme is well known as the most common type of

Supplementary feeding is defined as the provision of extra food to poor children

OBJECTIVES OF FEEDING PROGRAMME

The objectives of the feeding programmes are:

1) To supplement the diets of weaker sections of the community to combat under

2) To educate the community for combating and preventing malnutrition.

3) To increase school enrolment and attendance of children.

4) To encourage the use of local commodities for prevention of malnutrition.

SUPPLEMENTARY FEEDING PROGRAMME

Is the supplementary feeding programme more effective rather than giving

Supplementary feeding is usually necessary in a food crisis or famine situation

TYPE OF SUPPLEMENTARY FEEDING PROGRAM

Targeted supplementary feeding programmes

In this approach supplementary food is restricted to those individuals identified as

Blanket supplementary feeding programme

In blanket supplementary feeding programmes (SFP) food is distributed as a

Different types of supplementary feeding programmes have evolved over the

• Applied Nutrition Programme (ANP)

• Mid-Day Meal Programme (MDM)

• Special Nutrition Programme (SNP)

• Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS)

• Pradhan Mantris Gramodaya Yojana (PMGY)

• Nutrition Programme for Adolescent Girls (NPAG)

COMMON NUTRITIONAL PROBLEM OF CHILDREN IN POTISKUM

1) Supplementation of energy and protein in the diets of pregnant and nursing

2) Supplementation of iron and folic acid to prevent iron deficiency anaemia

3) Supplementation of vitamin A to prevent blindness among pre-school children.

4) Supplementation of iodine to prevent goitre in certain regions.

Complementary feeding must be followed by educational intervention to acquire

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