Class : XIIth Subject : PHYSICS

Date : Solutions DPP No. : 1

Topic :-Alternating current

1 (b)
𝑒 = 300 2 sin 𝜔𝑡
𝑒0 300 2
𝐼0 = =
𝑍 (30) + (10 ― 10)2
2

{ ∵ 𝑍 = 𝑅2 + (𝑋𝐿 ― 𝑋𝐶)2}
300 2
= 30
= 10 2 A
𝐼0
∴ Current 𝐼 = 2
= 10 A

2 (a)
Natural frequency is nothing but resonant frequency.
In this case 𝑋𝐿 = 𝑋𝐶
1
⇒ 𝜔0𝐿 =
𝜔0𝐶
1
⇒ 𝜔20 =
𝐿𝐶
1
⇒ 𝜔0 =
𝐿𝐶
1
⇒ 2𝜋𝑓 =
𝐿𝐶
1
⇒ 𝑓=
2𝜋 𝐿𝐶

3 (a)
At angular frequency 𝜔, the current in 𝑅𝐶 circuit is given by
𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠
𝑖𝑟𝑚𝑠 = …(i)
1 2
𝑅2 + ( )
𝜔𝐶

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 𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠
𝑖𝑟𝑚𝑠
Also 2
= 𝑅 +
2
( 𝐶)
1
2
= 𝑅2 +
9 …(ii)
𝜔 𝜔2𝐶2
3

From equation (i) and (ii), we get

1
5 𝜔𝐶 3 𝑋𝐶 3
3𝑅2 = 2 2 ⇒ = ⇒ =
𝜔𝐶 𝑅 5 𝑅 5

4 (d)
200
Resistance of coil(𝑅) = 1
= 200 Ω
200
Current, 𝐼 = 𝑅2 + 𝑋2𝐿
200
or 0.5 = 𝑅2 + 𝑋2𝐿

or 𝑅2 + (2𝜋𝑓𝐿)2 = (400)2
2
or (2𝜋𝑓 × 2𝜋3) = (400)2 ― (200)2
= 120000
or 4𝑓 3 = 200 3
or 𝑓 = 50 𝐻𝑧

5 (a)
𝑅
cos 𝜙 = 𝑍. In choke coil 𝜙 = 90° so cos 𝜙 ≈ 0

6 (b)
1 𝐿 1 1
Q – factor = 𝑅 𝐶
=6 17.36 × 10―6
= 40

7 (a)
𝐸2𝑅 𝐸2𝑅
𝑃 = 𝐸𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝑖𝑟𝑚𝑠 cos 𝜙 = =
𝑍2 2
[𝑅 + (𝜔𝐿 ― 𝜔𝐶1 ) ]
2

8 (b)
𝑃 240 𝑉 100
𝑅= = = 15Ω;𝑍 = = = 25Ω
𝑖2𝑟𝑚𝑠 16 𝑖 4
Now 𝑋𝐿 = 𝑍2 ― 𝑅2 = (25)2 ― (15)2 = 20Ω
20 1
∴ 2𝜋𝑣𝐿 = 20⇒𝐿 = = 𝐻𝑧
2𝜋 × 50 5𝜋

9 (b)
1
𝑃 = 𝑉0𝑖0 cos 𝜙 ⇒𝑃 = 𝑃𝑃𝑒𝑎𝑘. cos 𝜙
2
1 1 𝜋
⇒ (𝑃𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑘) = 𝑃𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑘 cos 𝜙 ⇒ cos 𝜙 ⇒𝜙 =
2 2 3

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 10 (d)
When a ring moves in a magnetic field in a direction perpendicular to its plane, we replace
the ring by a diameter (2r) perpendicular to the direction of motion. The emf is induced
across this diameter. Current flow in the ring will be through the two semicircular portions
in parallel.
Induced emf = 𝐵 (2 𝑟)𝑣.
Resistance of each half of ring = R /2
As the two halves are in parallel, therefore, equivalent resistance = R /4
𝐵(2𝑟)𝑣
∴ Current in the section = 𝑅/4
8𝐵𝑟𝑣
𝐼= 𝑅

13 (c)
2
1
𝑍 = 𝑅2 + 2𝜋𝑓𝐿 ― ( 2𝜋𝑓𝐶 )
From above equation at 𝑓 = 0, 𝑧 = ∞
1
When 𝑓 = 2𝜋 𝐿𝐶 (resonant frequency) ⇒𝑍 = 𝑅
1
For 𝑓 > 2𝜋 𝐿𝐶⇒𝑍 starts increasing
𝑖.𝑒., for frequency 0 ― 𝑓𝑟, 𝑍 decreases and for 𝑓𝑟 to ∞, 𝑍 increases
This is justified by graph 𝑐

14 (a)
1 1 1
𝑋𝐶 = ⇒ =
2𝜋𝑣𝐶 1000 2𝜋 × 𝑣 × 5 × 10―6
100
⇒𝑣 = 𝑀𝐻𝑧
𝜋

15 (a)
𝑖0 5
𝑖𝑟𝑚𝑠 = = = 3.536 A
2 2

16 (a)
𝑋𝐿 = 𝜔𝐿.
𝑋𝐿 10
or 𝐿= 𝜔
= 20 = 0.5 H

17 (b)
When a circuit contains inductance only, then the current lags behind the voltage by the
𝜋
phase difference of 2 or 90°.
𝜋
While in a purely capacitive circuit, the current leads the voltage by a phase angle of 2 or
90°.

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 In a purely resistive circuit current is in phase with the applied voltage.

18 (b)
At t = 0, inductor behaves like an infinite resistance. So at
𝑉
𝑡 = 0, 𝑖 =
𝑅2
And at 𝑡 = ∞, inductor behaves like a conducting wire,

𝑉 𝑉(𝑅1 + 𝑅2)
𝑖 = 𝑅eq = 𝑅1𝑅2

19 (c)
Hot wire ammeter reads 𝑟𝑚𝑠 value of current. Hence its peak value = 𝑖𝑟𝑚𝑠 × 2
= 14.14 𝑎𝑚𝑝

20 (c)

𝑋𝐶 𝜋
= tan
𝑅 3
R
/3

XC
Z1

𝜋
𝑋𝐶 = 𝑅 tan …(i)
3
𝑋𝐿 𝜋
= tan
𝑅 3

Z2
XL

/3
R
𝜋
𝑋𝐿 = 𝑅 tan …(ii)
3
Net impedance 𝑍 = 𝑅2 + (𝑋𝐿 ― 𝑋𝐶)2 = 𝑅
𝑅
Power factor cos 𝜙 = =1
𝑍

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 ANSWER-KEY
Q. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
A. B A A D A B A B B D

Q. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
A. C D C A A A B B C C

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