UNIT 2 9A5 -2024

GRAMMAR
I. SO SÁNH KÉP
• So sánh kép (Double Comparatives) là một dạng so sánh gồm hai mệnh
đề, sử dụng để diễn tả về mối tương quan lẫn nhau giữa nguyên nhân - kết
quả hay nói về sự tăng/ giảm của hiện tượng/ sự vật.
1. Cấu trúc so sánh kép với tính từ và trạng từ
a. Nếu chỉ có 1 ý, ta dùng:
+ Đối với tính từ/ trạng từ ngắn:
S + V + short adj/ adv + er + and + short adj/ adv + er
E.g. It is getting hotter and hotter.
His voice became weaker and weaker.
+ Đối với tính từ/ trạng từ dài:
S + V + more and more + long adj/ adv
E.g. The storm became more and more violent.
The lessons are getting more and more difficult.
b. Nếu có 2 ý, ta dùng:
+ Đối với tính từ/ trạng từ ngắn:
The short adj/ adv + er + S + V, the short adj/ adv + er + S + V
E.g. The taller she gets, the thinner she is.
+ Đối với tính từ/ trạng từ dài:
The more + long adj/ adv + S + V, the more + long adj/ adv + S + V
E.g. The more beautiful she is, the more attractive she gets.
2. Cấu trúc so sánh kép với động từ
The more + S + V, the more + S + V
E.g. The more I know her, the more I hate her.
3. Cấu trúc so sánh “càng ... càng ..." với danh từ
more and more + danh từ
E.g. More and more people use the internet nowadays.
less and less + Noun
E.g. Less and less people do exercise nowadays.
II. PHRASAL VERBS (CỤM ĐỘNG TỪ)
Some common phrasal verbs (Một số cụm động từ thông dụng)
account for là lý do; giải thích nguyên nhân
break down suy nhược, kiệt sức; suy sụp (tinh thăn); (máy
móc, đò vật) hư, hỏng; phá sản
break in/ into xông vào, đột nhập vào
bring out công bỗ, xuất bản
bring up = raise nuôi nấng, dạy dỗ
call off xóa bỏ, hủy bỏ
care for = take care of trông nom, chăm sóc
= look after
carry on tiếp tục
carry out thực hiện, tiến hành
check out kiểm tra; xem xét, trả phòng
cheer up cổ vũ, làm ai đó vui lên
close down ngừng vận hành, đóng cửa (công ty, tổ
chức...)
come across tình cờ gặp/thấy
come up with nghĩ ra cái gì đó
consist of = contain gồm có, bao gồm
= include
count on = depend on phụ thuộc, dựa vào, trông cậy vào
= rely on
cut down (on sth) = cắt giảm, giảm bớt
reduce
deal with giải quyết, đối phó với chuyện gì
drop in (on sb) ghé thăm (ai đó)
face up to châp nhận; đối mặt với
figure out hình dung ra được; hiếu ra
fill in điền thông tin
find out khám phá; phát hiện ra
get on with = get along hòa thuận với
with
get over vượt qua; phục hồi
get up (get out of bed) thức dậy
go on = keep on = tiếp tục
continue
go out đi ra ngoài
go up tăng lên
give up từ bỏ (làm chuyện gì)
keep up with theo kịp, bắt kịp
live on sỗng dựa vào
look back (at/ on sth) nghĩ về chuyện gì trong quá khứ
look for tìm kiếm
look forward to điều tra, xem xét
look into = investigate cẩn thận, coi chừng
lookout xem xét, xem qua, đọc lướt nhanh
look over tra cứu (từ điển)
look up bịa đặt, sáng tác, trang điểm, hóa trang
make up qua đời
pass away truyền lại (từ thế hệ này sang thế hệ kia)
pass down đưa đón; nhặt lên
pick up trì hoãn
put off = postpone = mặc vào
delay
put on tình cờ gặp
run across/ into khởi hành
set off thành lập
set up = establish đưa đi tham quan
show around nghĩ về chuyện gì trong quá khứ
show off khoe khoang
show up = arrive đến
talk over = discuss thảo luận
take after có vẻ ngoài giống hoặc cư xử giống (ai)
tiếp quản, kế nhiệm (một doanh nghiệp, một
take over
tổ chức, v.v)
take off cởi ra; (máy bay) cất cánh
think over suy nghĩ kỹ; cân nhắc (việc gì)
throw away vứt/ ném đi
turn down từ chối
turn off tắt (đèn, máy...)
turn on bật (đèn, máy...)
turn up xuất hiện; tăng âm lượng
try on mặc thử, mang thử
wake up thức dậy
wear out làm mòn rách; làm kiệt sức
tìm ra giải pháp; tập thể dục (cải thiện sức
work out khỏe)

EXERCISE
A. PHONETICS
I. Circle the word that has the underlined part pronounced
differently from the rest.
1. A. accountant B. amount C. founding D. country
2. A. post B. local C. prominent D. hotel
1. A. download B. growth C. blow D. shadow
4. A. parents B. prepare C. librarian D. cramming
5. A. tomorrow B. throwaway C. ownership D. powerful
6. A. how B. town C. power D. slow
7. A. nourish B. flourish C. southern D. courageous
8. A. knowledge B. flower C. shower D. coward
9. A. really B. clear C. pear D. fear
10. A. sound B. touch C. down D. account
B. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR
I. Match the words in the left column with the definitions and
explanations in the right column.
1. cinema (d) A. If you need money, you go there.
2. hotel B. If you violate the traffic rules, you may be taken there.
3. restaurant C. When you want to have your hair cut, you go there
4. drugstore D. All the people go there to see the films.
5. market E. If you’re ill, you can buy medicine there.
6. circus F. When you study history, you go to this place.
7. police G. If you want to eat, you can go to this place?
station
8. bank (a) H. If you want to see the performance with funny animals, you
have to go there.
9. museum I. Foreigners often stay there when they come to our city.
10. J. At weekends, we like to go there to buy fruit and vegetables.
hairdresser’s
Your answers:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
II. Choose the word in the box and write it next to the correct
definition.
(1) city-state (7) (8) (4) jet lag
overcrowding urban sprawl
(6) factor (5) lighthouse (2) metro (3) index
1. an independent state consisting of a city and the __________________
area around it
2. an underground train system __________________
3. a system that shows the level of prices and wages, __________________
etc. so that they can be compared with those of a
previous date
4. the feeling of tiredness and confusion after you fly __________________
between places that have a time difference of several
hours
5. a tower with a powerful flashing light that guides __________________
ships away from danger
6. a fact or situation that influences the result of __________________
something
7. the situation when there are too many people or __________________
things in one place
8. the spread of a city into the area surrounding it, __________________
often without planning
III. Complete the sentences, using the structures 'comparative +
and + comparative".
1. The company expanded rapidly. It grew bigger and bigger all the time.
(big)
2. Cathy got more and more bored in her job. In the end, she left. (bored)
3. My bags seemed to get heavier and heavier as I carried them. (heavy)
4. As I waited for my interview, I became more and more nervous (nervous)
5. As the day went on, the weather got worse and worse. (bad)
6. Health care is becoming more and more expensive. (expensive)
7. As the conversation went on, Paul became more and more talkative_.
(talkative)
8. These days _______________ people are learning English. (many)
9. The company's share price went _______________. (high)
10. Life got _______________ for boss Bob Watts as the company became
_______________. (good - successful)
IV. Choose the correct option.
1. After I ironed my shirt it looked more creased/ creaseder than before.
2. The river was more deep/ deeper than I expected.
3. I think I’d describe her as more pretty/ prettier than beautiful.
4. I bought this tennis racket because it's more strong/ stronger.
5. Sam isn't a bad boy really. He's more naughty/ naughtier than
dishonest.
6. Although a different speaker began to talk, I felt even more bored/
boreder than before.
7. The exam was more hard/ harder than I thought it would be.
8. I must ring home today and find out if there's any farther/ further news
about my mother and her operation.
9. 'Is your sister younger than you?'- 'No, she is elder/ older?
10. Although the paint was called 'Sky Blue', I thought it was more green/
greener than blue.
V. Choose the correct answer.
1. _______________ he studies, _______________ he understands the subject.
A. The more hard - the better B. More hard – better
C. Hard – better D. The harder - the better
2. _______________ she practices, _______________ her performance becomes.
A. The more frequent - the good B. More frequent – good
C. Frequent – good D. The more frequently - the better
3. _______________ his exercises are, _______________ he becomes.
A. The stronger - the more powerful B. More strong – powerful
C. Strong – powerful D. The more strong - the powerful
4. _______________ her singing is, _______________ she becomes.
A. The more skilled - the successful B. More skilled – successful
C. Skillful – successful D. The more skillful - the more successful
5. _______________ they communicate, _______________ they get to know each
other.
A. The more clear - the better B. More clearly – better
C. The more clearly - the better D. Clearer - better
6. _______________ she saves, _______________ she can invest.
A. The more money - the more smart B. The more money - the smarter
C. Money – smarter D. The more money - the smartly
7. _______________ she becomes, _______________ she feels in her own skin.
A. The more confident - the more comfortable
B. More confident - more comfortable
C. Confident – comfortable
D. The more confidently - the more comfortably
8. _______________ they are about things, _______________ their knowledge can
become.
A. The more curious - the more wider
B. More curious - the wider
C. The more curious - the wider
D. The more curiously - the more widely
VI. Complete each of the following sentences with a phrasal verb in
the box. Change the form of the verbs if necessary.
apply for dress up cheer up set up turn back
find out get over go on pull down take off
1. You need to _______________ your shoes before going inside the house.
2. They _______________ the old cinema to build a new shopping mall.
3. A committee has been _______________ to organize social events for the
students.
4. It took me a few days to _______________ my flu.
5. The mountain climbers had to _______________ because they were
exhausted.
6. We've _______________ a really good restaurant near the central station.
7. You don't need to _______________ to go to the mall. Jeans and a T-shirt are
fine.
8. Professor Colin Evers _______________ a job at a famous university in
Sydney.
9. We really can’t _______________ living like this - we'll have to find a bigger
house.
10. Mary was very unhappy last week, but she has _______________ now.
VII. Choose the correct option to complete the sentences.
1. His father forgot to (put/ turn) off the tap in the bathroom, so there was
water all over the floor.
2. It isn’t easy for her to (put/ set) up with people who are impolite or have
crude behaviours.
3. They had gone about three kilometres when the motorbike (broke/
pulled) down this morning.
4. Could you please turn (down/ up) the volume on the television? It’s too
loud.
5. The busy life in the city has helped Emily (go/ get) over her homesickness.
6. They usually read the papers to keep (up/ on) with what's happening in
the outside world.
7. When things aren’t going well, my father always encourages me and tells
me not to (give/ take) up.
8. “Here is my phone number! Put (it down/ down it) in case you need
some help," said my uncle.
9. The foreigners were (brought/ shown) around the city by a local tour
guide.
10. My sister always takes (down/ off) her hat when visiting sacred places
such as churches and pagodas.
VIII. Choose the correct answers: synonym.
1. If you don’t pay your rent, your landlord is going to kick you out!
A. lend you some money B. play football with you
C. give you a kick D. force you to leave
2. Yesterday I ran into Sam at the grocery store. I had not seen him for
years.
A. met B. visited C. said goodbye to D. made friends
with
3. Let’s go over that report again before we submit it.
A. dictate B. print C. read carefully D. type
4. I will not stand for your bad attitude any longer.
A. like B. tolerate C. mean D. care
5. Be careful! The tree is going to fall.
A. Look out B. Look up C. Look on D. Look after
6. It took me a very long time to recover from the shock of her death.
A. turn off B. take on C. get over D. keep up with
7. I am tired because I went to bed late last night.
A. stayed up B. kept off C. put out D. brought up
8. Did your son pass the university entrance examination?
A. make up B. get along C. go up D. get
through
9. What may happen if John will not arrive in time?
A. go along B. count on C. keep away D. turn up
10. They decided to postpone their journey till the end of the month because
of the epidemic.
A. take up B. turn round C. put off D. do with

D. WRITING
I. Rewrite the following sentences using double comparatives.
1. The children are excited about the difficult games.
à The more
2. People dive fast. Many accidents happen.
à The faster
3. I meet him often. I hate him so much.
à The more
4. My boss works better when he is pressed for time.
à The less
5. As he has a lot of money, he wants to spend much.
à The more
6. The apartment is big. The rent is high.
à The bigger
7. We set off soon. We will arrive soon.
à The sooner
8. The joke is good. The laughter is loud.
à The better
9. She gets fat. She feels tired.
à The fatter
10. As he gets older, he wants to travel less.
à The older
II. Write sentences with the cues given.
1. she/ never/read/ such/ romantic story/ this/ before
____________________________________________________________________________
2. he/spend/ most/time/ surf/net/ information/ the next trip
____________________________________________________________________________
3. Van Gogh/ have/ major influence/ development/ modern painting
____________________________________________________________________________
4. there/ be/ steady/ increase/ demand/ hotel accommodation/ since 1998
____________________________________________________________________________
5. these days/ more/ more/people/ be/ suffer/ air pollution
____________________________________________________________________________
6. despite/ Brexit,/ London/ remain/ one/ most/open/ cosmopolitan/ city/ the
world
____________________________________________________________________________
7. the house/that/ we/ rent/ London/ last year / be/ fully/ furnish
____________________________________________________________________________
8. people/face/large/ number / environmental problems/ every day
____________________________________________________________________________