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Design Patterns Examples

The document outlines various design patterns with use cases and Ruby class examples, including the Builder, Factory, Command, Decorator, Context, and Observer patterns. Each pattern is accompanied by a specific use case and a Ruby code example demonstrating its implementation. The document serves as a practical guide for understanding and applying these design patterns in software development.

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krishnamcatce
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8 views5 pages

Design Patterns Examples

The document outlines various design patterns with use cases and Ruby class examples, including the Builder, Factory, Command, Decorator, Context, and Observer patterns. Each pattern is accompanied by a specific use case and a Ruby code example demonstrating its implementation. The document serves as a practical guide for understanding and applying these design patterns in software development.

Uploaded by

krishnamcatce
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Design Patterns with Use Cases and Ruby Class Examples

1. Builder Pattern:

Use Case: Building a complex object step by step, such as creating a house with customizable features.

Example:

class HouseBuilder

def initialize

@house = House.new

end

def build_walls(walls)

@house.walls = walls

self

end

def build_doors(doors)

@house.doors = doors

self

end

def build_roof(roof)

@house.roof = roof

self

end
def build

@house

end

end

Usage:

builder = HouseBuilder.new

house = builder.build_walls(4).build_doors(2).build_roof('gabled').build

puts house.details

2. Factory Pattern:

Use Case: Creating objects without specifying their exact class, such as producing cars of different types.

Example:

class CarFactory

def self.create_car(type)

case type

when :sedan then Sedan.new

when :suv then SUV.new

else Car.new

end

end

end

Usage:

car = CarFactory.create_car(:suv)
puts car.type

3. Command Pattern:

Use Case: Encapsulating requests as objects, such as turning devices on/off via a remote.

Example:

class RemoteControl

def add_command(command)

@commands << command

end

def execute_commands

@commands.map(&:execute)

end

end

Usage:

remote = RemoteControl.new

remote.add_command(TurnOnCommand.new(light))

remote.add_command(TurnOffCommand.new(light))

puts remote.execute_commands

4. Decorator Pattern:

Use Case: Dynamically adding behavior to objects, such as enhancing a coffee's features.
Example:

class Coffee

def cost; 5; end

def description; "Basic Coffee"; end

end

class MilkDecorator

def initialize(coffee); @coffee = coffee; end

def cost; @coffee.cost + 2; end

def description; "#{@coffee.description}, Milk"; end

end

Usage:

coffee = Coffee.new

coffee_with_milk = MilkDecorator.new(coffee)

puts coffee_with_milk.description

5. Context Pattern:

Use Case: Changing an object's behavior dynamically, such as switching payment methods.

Example:

class PaymentContext

def initialize(strategy); @strategy = strategy; end

def pay(amount); @strategy.pay(amount); end

end
Usage:

payment = PaymentContext.new(CreditCardPayment.new)

puts payment.pay(100)

6. Observer Pattern:

Use Case: Notifying dependents of changes, such as updating UI components on data change.

Example:

class Subject

def add_observer(observer); @observers << observer; end

def notify_observers; @observers.each(&:update); end

end

Usage:

subject = Subject.new

subject.add_observer(observer)

subject.notify_observers

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