English

1- Family Ties
Gene: a part of a cell passed from parents to children that determines
how they look;
Generation: the people of about the same age in a particular family;
Ancestor: person related to you who lived a long time ago;
Inherit: to be born with the same characteristics as one of your parents
or grandparents;
Genealogy: the study of family history;
Take after: to look like someone;
Looks: features of the face;
Unique: different;
Relative: family member;
Grow up: to become an adult;
Marriage: for husband and wife;
Passed away: died;
Passed down: given;
Broke up: separated;
Brought up: raised;
Looked up to: admired;
Turned to: asked;
Get: married, divorced;
Keep: a secret, a diary;
Have: sympathy, a family;
Pay: a visit, a compliment;
Fall: to pieces, in love;

Countable nouns refer to separate items. They can be singular and

plural. (a/an/the)
Uncountable nouns refer to things that cannot be counted or abstract
ideas. (They don’t have plural form)

2-Food, Food, Food!

Cultivation: growing a particular crop;
Crush: to press something very hard and break it;
Harvest: to pick and collect crops;
Scrape off: to remove something from a surface with a tool;
Enhance: to improve the quality of something;
Civilisation: a large group of people with it’s own culture;
Evidence: reasons for believing that something is or isn’t true;
Approximately: close to a number, but not exactly that number;
Process: a series of things that you do to make something;
Liquid: something like water that you can pour easily;
Disease: an illness, something that makes you very sick;
Piece of cake: easy;
Couch potato: watches a lot of TV;
Big cheese: an important person;
Like chalk and cheese: different;
Spill the beans: tell you something;
Break off: stop doing something;
Go off: turn bad;
Come across: find something;
Cut down: reduce;
Take in: make something smaller;
Eat out: go to a restaurant;
Come down: fall;
Chop up: cut into pieces;

3- The Wonders of the Nature

Coral polyp: a small animal that lives in the see;
Trillion: 1,000,000,000,000;
Cement: a grey powder that is mixed with sand and water to make
concrete;
Ecosystem: a particular area in which plants and animals living together
have formed complex relationships;
Mollusk: an animal that has a sift body and is often covered with a shell;
Stunned: unconscious and unable to move for a short time;
Renewable energy: power from natural sources;
Fossil fuels: Oil, coal, gas;
Global warming: Increase of the temperature of the earth;
Organic food: food without chemicals;
Bring attention to: tell other people about it;
Fight pollution: try to make less pollution;
Save energy: turn off lights;
Take action: do something about it;
Do research: try to find out new things about it;
Is on the verge of: is about to disappear;
Suspicious: describes an action that makes you feel that something or
someone is wrong or illegal;
Physical disability: a physical illness or injury that makes it difficult for
someone to do the things that other people do;
Visually impaired: describes someone who is blind or cannot see well;
Rubble: the broken bricks, stones, etc. that are left when a building falls
down;
Are at loss of words: can’t think of anything to say;
Can’t stand: dislike them;
Despise: you can’t stand them;
Give you a hard time: make their life more difficult;
Identify with: sympathise with what they’re going trough;
Don’t see eye to eye: don’t agree;
Are fed up: are unhappy with something they have done;
Break the ice: do something that makes others relax when you first
meet them;

4- Special Relationships
Look up to someone: have respect for;
Hold back: hide your emotions;
Hang out: spend time relaxing;
Make up: forgive eachother;
Ask out someone: invite on a date;
Grow apart: stop being friends over time;
Put someone down: make someone feel stupid;
Let someone down: disappoint someone;
Get on: be friends;
Stick up for: support;
 5- A place to call home
Shape-shifting: change shape;
Rotate: turn around and around;
Segment: part of something;
Generate: make/produce;
Solar panel: an object that changes energy from the sun to electricity;
Voice-activated: controlled by spoken commands;
Charity begins at home: helping your family is the most important task;
Ate me out of house and home: ate all my food;
Get on like a house on fire: have good relationship;
Brings home the bacon: earns the money they live on;

6- Ready, Steady, Go!

Kneel: to be with one or both knees on the ground;
Wetsuit: a piece of clothing that covers the body when you’re
swimming underwater or sailing;
A race against time: close in a race;
Were neck and neck: tie;
Get the ball rolling: start the game;
The ball is in his court: he has an advantage;
Cheer me on: encourage loudly;
Go down as: be remembered as;
Call off: cancel;
Warm up: ready your body for exercise;
Kicks off: starts;
Wear out: become damaged and old;

7- Extreme situations
Remains: the parts of an object that are left after most of it has been
destroyed or taken away;
Crucial: very important;
Steep: rise or fall very quickly;
Peak: the top of a mountain;
Ordeal: a very painful or difficult thing;

8- Time to spare;
Damp: slightly wet and uncomfortable;
Victim: someone who has been hurt or killed;
Motto: Short saying that expresses belief;
Photography: a hobby you need a camera for;
Cookery: you prepare dishes when you do this;
Martial arts: karate, judo, etc.
Drama: preform plays;
Sculpture: making works from stone, wood, metal, etc.
Painting: making pictures;
Ballet: a style of dancing that tells the audience a story;
Behave in a boastful way: show off;
Start to like: take to;
Begin: take up;
Requires: call for;
Suited to: cut out for;
Discover: find out;

9- High-Tech World
Surveillance: watching of a person or a place;
Presence: when someone or something is in a place;
Lose consciousness: to not be awake because of an injury;
Database: store large amounts of information on a computer;
Information technology: storing and sending information on electronic
devices;
Graphic design: designing pictures and text for books, magazines and
advertisements;
Computer literate: are familiar with computers and how they work;
Back-up copy: make a copy of a CD or other external memory;
Computer hardware: disk drives, routers, modems, keyboards, mice
etc.
State of the art: the latest model;
Mass production: is made in thousands;
Leads the field: most successful;
Sells like hotcakes: lots are sold quickly;
Top of the range: the best of it’s kind;

10- That’s Entertainment!

Go gold: sell thousands of albums and receive a gold album;
Social awareness: an understanding of problems in society;
Civil servant: someone who works in a government department;
Discrimination: treating a person or a group of people less fairly than
others;
Hardship: a situation that is difficult and causes problems;
Perfectionist: somebody who wants everything to be perfect;
End in a particular way: turn out;
Refuse admission: turn away;
Switch on: turn on;
Decrease the volume of: turn down;
Increase the volume of: turn up;
Switch off: turn off;
Catch on: become popular;
Give out: distribute;
Sell out: run out of tickets to be sold for an event;
Act out: preform;
Grown out: become too old for;
Get down: write down;

11- Lessons to Learn!

Preforming arts: acting, dancing and playing music;
Edit: to prepare a photo for viewing by making changes to it;
School curriculum: everything you learn in a year;
Assignment: something you have to do research on and write and
essay;
Enrolments: fill out a form with their details;
Scholarship: not having enough money to pay the fees;
Graduation: begin their career;
Degree: graduating from a certain university;
Make progress: get better at doing something;
Break the rules: do something you aren’t supposed to;
Are in a teacher’s good book: pleased with you;
Get the hang of: learn how to do something new;
Get a taste for something: start enjoy doing it;
Make an effort: try to do something;
 12- The Body Beautiful
Universe: all the stars, planets, galaxies, etc.
Complexity: the state of being difficult to understand;
Rational: sensible and practical;
Neuron: a cell that sends and receives messages to and from the brain;
Sensory: connected with the physical senses;