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Complete Python Guide 50 Pages

The document is a comprehensive guide to Python programming, covering its features, installation, syntax, data types, and basic operations. It includes sections on advanced topics such as data analysis with Pandas, data visualization with Matplotlib, and machine learning with scikit-learn, along with hands-on exercises and project ideas. Additionally, it provides resources for further learning and debugging tips.

Uploaded by

محمد النذير
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
65 views22 pages

Complete Python Guide 50 Pages

The document is a comprehensive guide to Python programming, covering its features, installation, syntax, data types, and basic operations. It includes sections on advanced topics such as data analysis with Pandas, data visualization with Matplotlib, and machine learning with scikit-learn, along with hands-on exercises and project ideas. Additionally, it provides resources for further learning and debugging tips.

Uploaded by

محمد النذير
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 22

Python Basics Guide

1. Introduction to Python

Python is an interpreted, high-level programming language known for its simplicity and readability. It
is widely used in web development, data science, automation, and finance.

Python Features:
- Easy to learn
- Large community support
- Versatile
- Extensive libraries

Installing Python:
- Download from https://www.python.org
- Install Anaconda for data science work.

Running Python Code:


- Use the Python shell
- Write scripts (.py files)
- Use Jupyter Notebook for interactive coding

2. Python Syntax and Basic Operations

Python uses indentation instead of braces. Example:


```python
print('Hello, World!')
```

Basic Operations:
```python
x = 10
y=5
sum = x + y
Python Basics Guide

print(sum)
```

Python follows dynamic typing, meaning variable types do not need to be declared.

3. Data Types and Type Conversion

Common Data Types:


- Integers (int)
- Floating-point numbers (float)
- Strings (str)
- Boolean (bool)

Example:
```python
x=5
y = 3.14
text = 'Hello'
flag = True
```

Type Conversion:
```python
num = '10'
num = int(num) # Convert string to integer
```

4. Strings and String Manipulation

Working with Strings:


```python
text = 'Python is fun'
Python Basics Guide

print(text.upper())
print(text.lower())
print(text.replace('fun', 'awesome'))
```

5. Lists, Tuples, and Dictionaries

Lists store multiple values:


```python
fruits = ['Apple', 'Banana', 'Cherry']
print(fruits[0])
```

Dictionaries store key-value pairs:


```python
person = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25}
print(person['name'])
```

6. Conditional Statements

If-Else Example:
```python
num = 10
if num > 5:
print('Big number')
else:
print('Small number')
```

7. Loops in Python
Python Basics Guide

For Loop:
```python
for i in range(5):
print(i)
```

While Loop:
```python
x=0
while x < 3:
print(x)
x += 1
```

8. Functions and Modules

Defining Functions:
```python
def greet(name):
return 'Hello, ' + name
print(greet('Alice'))
```

9. File Handling

Reading and writing files:


```python
with open('data.txt', 'w') as file:
file.write('Hello, Python!')
```

Reading from a file:


Python Basics Guide

```python
with open('data.txt', 'r') as file:
content = file.read()
print(content)
```

10. Error Handling

Using Try-Except:
```python
try:
x=1/0
except ZeroDivisionError:
print('Cannot divide by zero!')
```

11. Working with NumPy and Pandas

NumPy arrays:
```python
import numpy as np
arr = np.array([1, 2, 3])
print(arr)
```

12. Data Analysis with Pandas

Creating DataFrame:
```python
import pandas as pd
data = {'Name': ['Alice', 'Bob'], 'Age': [25, 30]}
df = pd.DataFrame(data)
Python Basics Guide

print(df)
```

13. Data Visualization with Matplotlib

Plotting data:
```python
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
x = [1, 2, 3]
y = [4, 5, 6]
plt.plot(x, y)
plt.show()
```

14. Fetching Financial Data with yfinance

Fetching stock data:


```python
import yfinance as yf
stock = yf.Ticker('AAPL')
df = stock.history(period='1mo')
print(df.head())
```

15. Python Automation with Selenium

Web automation:
```python
from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('https://google.com')
```
Python Basics Guide

16. Machine Learning Basics

Using scikit-learn:
```python
from sklearn.linear_model import LinearRegression
model = LinearRegression()
```

17. Python Project Ideas

1. To-do list app


2. Web scraper
3. Stock price predictor
4. Data visualization dashboard
5. Automation script

18. Debugging and Optimization

Debugging tips:
- Use print statements
- Use a debugger
- Write clean, modular code

19. Hands-on Exercises

1. Write a Python program to reverse a string.


2. Fetch stock data for Tesla and plot its prices.
3. Build a simple calculator.
4. Automate form-filling with Selenium.
5. Analyze CSV data using Pandas.

20. Next Steps


Python Basics Guide

Further Learning:
- Practice Python on W3Schools (https://www.w3schools.com/python/)
- Take online courses on Udemy, Coursera, or Codecademy
- Contribute to open-source projects on GitHub
- Build small projects to apply your knowledge

1. Introduction to Python

Python is an interpreted, high-level programming language known for its simplicity and readability. It
is widely used in web development, data science, automation, and finance.

Python Features:
- Easy to learn
- Large community support
- Versatile
- Extensive libraries

Installing Python:
- Download from https://www.python.org
- Install Anaconda for data science work.

Running Python Code:


- Use the Python shell
- Write scripts (.py files)
- Use Jupyter Notebook for interactive coding

2. Python Syntax and Basic Operations

Python uses indentation instead of braces. Example:


```python
print('Hello, World!')
```
Python Basics Guide

Basic Operations:
```python
x = 10
y=5
sum = x + y
print(sum)
```

Python follows dynamic typing, meaning variable types do not need to be declared.

3. Data Types and Type Conversion

Common Data Types:


- Integers (int)
- Floating-point numbers (float)
- Strings (str)
- Boolean (bool)

Example:
```python
x=5
y = 3.14
text = 'Hello'
flag = True
```

Type Conversion:
```python
num = '10'
num = int(num) # Convert string to integer
Python Basics Guide

```

4. Strings and String Manipulation

Working with Strings:


```python
text = 'Python is fun'
print(text.upper())
print(text.lower())
print(text.replace('fun', 'awesome'))
```

5. Lists, Tuples, and Dictionaries

Lists store multiple values:


```python
fruits = ['Apple', 'Banana', 'Cherry']
print(fruits[0])
```

Dictionaries store key-value pairs:


```python
person = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25}
print(person['name'])
```

6. Conditional Statements

If-Else Example:
```python
num = 10
if num > 5:
Python Basics Guide

print('Big number')
else:
print('Small number')
```

7. Loops in Python

For Loop:
```python
for i in range(5):
print(i)
```

While Loop:
```python
x=0
while x < 3:
print(x)
x += 1
```

8. Functions and Modules

Defining Functions:
```python
def greet(name):
return 'Hello, ' + name
print(greet('Alice'))
```

9. File Handling
Python Basics Guide

Reading and writing files:


```python
with open('data.txt', 'w') as file:
file.write('Hello, Python!')
```

Reading from a file:


```python
with open('data.txt', 'r') as file:
content = file.read()
print(content)
```

10. Error Handling

Using Try-Except:
```python
try:
x=1/0
except ZeroDivisionError:
print('Cannot divide by zero!')
```

11. Working with NumPy and Pandas

NumPy arrays:
```python
import numpy as np
arr = np.array([1, 2, 3])
print(arr)
```
Python Basics Guide

12. Data Analysis with Pandas

Creating DataFrame:
```python
import pandas as pd
data = {'Name': ['Alice', 'Bob'], 'Age': [25, 30]}
df = pd.DataFrame(data)
print(df)
```

13. Data Visualization with Matplotlib

Plotting data:
```python
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
x = [1, 2, 3]
y = [4, 5, 6]
plt.plot(x, y)
plt.show()
```

14. Fetching Financial Data with yfinance

Fetching stock data:


```python
import yfinance as yf
stock = yf.Ticker('AAPL')
df = stock.history(period='1mo')
print(df.head())
```

15. Python Automation with Selenium


Python Basics Guide

Web automation:
```python
from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('https://google.com')
```

16. Machine Learning Basics

Using scikit-learn:
```python
from sklearn.linear_model import LinearRegression
model = LinearRegression()
```

17. Python Project Ideas

1. To-do list app


2. Web scraper
3. Stock price predictor
4. Data visualization dashboard
5. Automation script

18. Debugging and Optimization

Debugging tips:
- Use print statements
- Use a debugger
- Write clean, modular code

19. Hands-on Exercises

1. Write a Python program to reverse a string.


Python Basics Guide

2. Fetch stock data for Tesla and plot its prices.


3. Build a simple calculator.
4. Automate form-filling with Selenium.
5. Analyze CSV data using Pandas.

20. Next Steps

Further Learning:
- Practice Python on W3Schools (https://www.w3schools.com/python/)
- Take online courses on Udemy, Coursera, or Codecademy
- Contribute to open-source projects on GitHub
- Build small projects to apply your knowledge

1. Introduction to Python

Python is an interpreted, high-level programming language known for its simplicity and readability. It
is widely used in web development, data science, automation, and finance.

Python Features:
- Easy to learn
- Large community support
- Versatile
- Extensive libraries

Installing Python:
- Download from https://www.python.org
- Install Anaconda for data science work.

Running Python Code:


- Use the Python shell
- Write scripts (.py files)
- Use Jupyter Notebook for interactive coding
Python Basics Guide

2. Python Syntax and Basic Operations

Python uses indentation instead of braces. Example:


```python
print('Hello, World!')
```

Basic Operations:
```python
x = 10
y=5
sum = x + y
print(sum)
```

Python follows dynamic typing, meaning variable types do not need to be declared.

3. Data Types and Type Conversion

Common Data Types:


- Integers (int)
- Floating-point numbers (float)
- Strings (str)
- Boolean (bool)

Example:
```python
x=5
y = 3.14
text = 'Hello'
flag = True
```
Python Basics Guide

Type Conversion:
```python
num = '10'
num = int(num) # Convert string to integer
```

4. Strings and String Manipulation

Working with Strings:


```python
text = 'Python is fun'
print(text.upper())
print(text.lower())
print(text.replace('fun', 'awesome'))
```

5. Lists, Tuples, and Dictionaries

Lists store multiple values:


```python
fruits = ['Apple', 'Banana', 'Cherry']
print(fruits[0])
```

Dictionaries store key-value pairs:


```python
person = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25}
print(person['name'])
```

6. Conditional Statements
Python Basics Guide

If-Else Example:
```python
num = 10
if num > 5:
print('Big number')
else:
print('Small number')
```

7. Loops in Python

For Loop:
```python
for i in range(5):
print(i)
```

While Loop:
```python
x=0
while x < 3:
print(x)
x += 1
```

8. Functions and Modules

Defining Functions:
```python
def greet(name):
return 'Hello, ' + name
print(greet('Alice'))
Python Basics Guide

```

9. File Handling

Reading and writing files:


```python
with open('data.txt', 'w') as file:
file.write('Hello, Python!')
```

Reading from a file:


```python
with open('data.txt', 'r') as file:
content = file.read()
print(content)
```

10. Error Handling

Using Try-Except:
```python
try:
x=1/0
except ZeroDivisionError:
print('Cannot divide by zero!')
```

11. Working with NumPy and Pandas

NumPy arrays:
```python
import numpy as np
Python Basics Guide

arr = np.array([1, 2, 3])


print(arr)
```

12. Data Analysis with Pandas

Creating DataFrame:
```python
import pandas as pd
data = {'Name': ['Alice', 'Bob'], 'Age': [25, 30]}
df = pd.DataFrame(data)
print(df)
```

13. Data Visualization with Matplotlib

Plotting data:
```python
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
x = [1, 2, 3]
y = [4, 5, 6]
plt.plot(x, y)
plt.show()
```

14. Fetching Financial Data with yfinance

Fetching stock data:


```python
import yfinance as yf
stock = yf.Ticker('AAPL')
df = stock.history(period='1mo')
Python Basics Guide

print(df.head())
```

15. Python Automation with Selenium

Web automation:
```python
from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('https://google.com')
```

16. Machine Learning Basics

Using scikit-learn:
```python
from sklearn.linear_model import LinearRegression
model = LinearRegression()
```

17. Python Project Ideas

1. To-do list app


2. Web scraper
3. Stock price predictor
4. Data visualization dashboard
5. Automation script

18. Debugging and Optimization

Debugging tips:
- Use print statements
- Use a debugger
Python Basics Guide

- Write clean, modular code

19. Hands-on Exercises

1. Write a Python program to reverse a string.


2. Fetch stock data for Tesla and plot its prices.
3. Build a simple calculator.
4. Automate form-filling with Selenium.
5. Analyze CSV data using Pandas.

20. Next Steps

Further Learning:
- Practice Python on W3Schools (https://www.w3schools.com/python/)
- Take online courses on Udemy, Coursera, or Codecademy
- Contribute to open-source projects on GitHub
- Build small projects to apply your knowledge

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