Here are detailed answers to your questions:
1. Boolean Function with Examples
A Boolean function is a function that returns a Boolean value (True or False). These
functions are commonly used in decision-making processes in programming.
Example 1: Checking Even or Odd
def is_even(num):
return num % 2 == 0 # Returns True if number is even, False otherwise
print(is_even(4)) # Output: True
print(is_even(7)) # Output: False
Example 2: Checking If a Number is Prime
def is_prime(n):
if n < 2:
return False
for i in range(2, int(n**0.5) + 1):
if n % i == 0:
return False
return True
print(is_prime(11)) # Output: True
print(is_prime(10)) # Output: False
2. Void Function with Examples
A Void function is a function that does not return a value (returns None by default). It is
often used to perform an action rather than compute and return a result.
Example 1: Printing a Message
def greet():
print("Hello, welcome to Python!")
greet() # Output: Hello, welcome to Python!
Example 2: Displaying a List
def display_list(items):
for item in items:
print(item)
fruits = ["Apple", "Banana", "Cherry"]
display_list(fruits)
# Output:
# Apple
# Banana
# Cherry
3. Various String Operations in Python
Python provides various string operations, including:
1. String Concatenation
s1 = "Hello"
s2 = "World"
result = s1 + " " + s2
print(result) # Output: Hello World
2. String Slicing
s = "Python"
print(s[0:4]) # Output: Pyth
print(s[-1]) # Output: n
3. Converting Case
text = "Hello World"
print(text.lower()) # Output: hello world
print(text.upper()) # Output: HELLO WORLD
print(text.title()) # Output: Hello World
4. Checking Substring
s = "Python Programming"
print("Python" in s) # Output: True
print("Java" in s) # Output: False
5. String Splitting and Joining
s = "apple,banana,grape"
words = s.split(",") # Splits based on ","
print(words) # Output: ['apple', 'banana', 'grape']
joined = "-".join(words)
print(joined) # Output: apple-banana-grape
6. Finding and Replacing a Substring
s = "I love Python"
print(s.find("Python")) # Output: 7 (index where "Python" starts)
print(s.replace("Python", "Java")) # Output: I love Java
4. Math Module
The math module in Python provides various mathematical functions.
1. Importing the Math Module
import math
2. Common Functions in math Module
Function Description Example
math.sqrt(x) Square root of x math.sqrt(25) → 5.0
math.factorial(x) Factorial of x math.factorial(5) → 120
math.pow(x, y) x raised to power y math.pow(2, 3) → 8.0
math.ceil(x) Rounds up x math.ceil(3.2) → 4
math.floor(x) Rounds down x math.floor(3.8) → 3
math.pi Value of π math.pi → 3.141592653589793
math.sin(x) Sine of x (in radians) math.sin(math.pi/2) → 1.0
Example: Using math Functions
import math
print(math.sqrt(16)) # Output: 4.0
print(math.factorial(5)) # Output: 120
print(math.ceil(2.3)) # Output: 3
print(math.floor(4.8)) # Output: 4
5. Python Programs
(a) Fibonacci Series
def fibonacci(n):
a, b = 0, 1
for _ in range(n):
print(a, end=" ")
a, b = b, a + b
fibonacci(10) # Output: 0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34
(b) Factorial Using Recursion
def factorial(n):
if n == 0 or n == 1:
return 1
return n * factorial(n - 1)
print(factorial(5)) # Output: 120
(c) Check Whether a String is Palindrome
def is_palindrome(s):
return s == s[::-1]
print(is_palindrome("madam")) # Output: True
print(is_palindrome("hello")) # Output: False
(d) Find the Square of a Number Using Functions
def square(n):
return n * n
print(square(5)) # Output: 25
