PYTHON
Presented by: [bakhtawar ahmad]
INTRODUCTION TO PYTHON
• Python: The Power of Simplicity & Versatility
• A Beginner-Friendly Guide Covering Basics to Advanced
Topics
• Python is a high-level, interpreted programming language.
• Created by Guido van Rossum in 1991.
• Known for readability, simplicity, and versatility.
WHY CHOOSE PYTHON?
• Easy to learn & read (Simple syntax, like English)
• Versatile – Web, AI, ML, Automation, Cybersecurity, etc.
• Large community & support
• Cross-platform compatibility (Windows, macOS, Linux)
• Huge libraries & frameworks (NumPy, Pandas, Django,
TensorFlow, etc.)
LATEST PYTHON FEATURES (PYTHON
3.12 & BEYOND)
• Performance enhancements & better error messages
• Flexible f-strings (dynamic expressions)
• Improved debugging and exception handling
• Upcoming Python 3.13: Optimized memory management,
AI integration
PYTHON BASICS - SYNTAX &
VARIABLES
• How to write Python code
• Defining variables (Dynamic typing)
• Example:
name = 'John' # String
age = 25 # Integer
is_student = True # Boolean
DATA TYPES IN PYTHON
• Numbers (int, float, complex)
• Strings (str), Lists (ordered, mutable)
• Tuples (ordered, immutable), Dictionaries (key-value pairs)
• Sets (unordered, unique values)
CONTROL FLOW
(LOOPS & CONDITIONS)
• If-Else Statements
• For & While Loops
• Example:
✓ if age >= 18:
print('Adult')
✓ for i in range(5):
print(i)
FUNCTIONS & MODULES
• Defining functions: def greet(name): return f'Hello,
{name}!'
• Importing Modules: import math, print(math.sqrt(16))
• Creating Custom Modules: import my_module,
print(my_module.add(5,3))
BUILT-IN AND THIRD-PARTY MODULES
• Common Built-in Modules: math, os, sys, datetime,
random
• Popular Third-Party Modules: requests, numpy, pandas,
matplotlib
• Installing Modules: pip install requests
OBJECT-ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
(OOP) IN PYTHON
• Classes & Objects
• Encapsulation, Inheritance, Polymorphism
• Example:
class Person:
def __init__(self, name, age): ...
FILE HANDLING
• Reading/Writing files
• Example:
with open('file.txt', 'r') as file:
content = file.read()
EXCEPTION HANDLING & DEBUGGING
• Using try-except blocks to handle errors
• Example:
try:
x = 10 / 0
except ZeroDivisionError:
print('Cannot divide by zero!')
PYTHON LIBRARIES & FRAMEWORKS
• For Web: Django, Flask, FastAPI
• For Data Science & AI: NumPy, Pandas, TensorFlow,
PyTorch
• For Automation: Selenium, PyAutoGUI
PYTHON IN AI, ML & DATA SCIENCE
• Machine Learning with Python
• Data processing with Pandas & NumPy
• Example:
import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_csv('data.csv')
PYTHON FOR WEB DEVELOPMENT &
AUTOMATION
• Django vs Flask
• Web scraping with BeautifulSoup
• Example:
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests
page = requests.get('https://example.com')
soup = BeautifulSoup(page.content, 'html.parser')
print(soup.title.text)