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Sensor Lab Assignment 1

The document provides an overview of sensors, controllers, and wireless modules used in IoT and robotics projects. It details various types of sensors, including temperature, motion, light, gas, pressure, and proximity sensors, as well as controllers like Arduino, Raspberry Pi, and NodeMCU. Additionally, it discusses wireless communication modules such as Bluetooth, WiFi, and GSM, highlighting their importance in enabling connectivity for smart applications.

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Deep Chavan
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3 views

Sensor Lab Assignment 1

The document provides an overview of sensors, controllers, and wireless modules used in IoT and robotics projects. It details various types of sensors, including temperature, motion, light, gas, pressure, and proximity sensors, as well as controllers like Arduino, Raspberry Pi, and NodeMCU. Additionally, it discusses wireless communication modules such as Bluetooth, WiFi, and GSM, highlighting their importance in enabling connectivity for smart applications.

Uploaded by

Deep Chavan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Deep Chavan

T11 - 15
Sensor Lab

Assignment 1
Aim: Study on Sensors, Controllers, and Wireless Modules

Theory:

1. Sensors and Their Description


Sensors are electronic devices that detect and respond to changes in their environment, such as
temperature, humidity, light, motion, and pressure. Below are some commonly used sensors:

• Temperature Sensors:
o DHT11/DHT22: Measures temperature and humidity.
o LM35: Provides analog temperature readings with high accuracy.
• Motion Sensors:
o PIR Sensor: Detects infrared radiation from moving objects (used in security systems).
o Ultrasonic Sensor (HC-SR04): Measures distance using sound waves.
• Light Sensors:
o LDR (Light Dependent Resistor): Changes resistance based on light intensity.
o TSL2561: Provides digital light intensity readings.
• Gas Sensors: o MQ Series Sensors (MQ-2, MQ-5, etc.): Detect gases like CO, CO2, and LPG.
• Pressure Sensors:
o BMP180: Measures barometric pressure and altitude.
o MPX5010: Analog pressure sensor used in medical applications.
• Proximity Sensors:
o IR Sensor: Detects objects without physical contact. o Capacitive Proximity Sensor: Used in
touch-sensitive applications.

2. Controllers
Controllers are microcontroller-based platforms used to control and interact with sensors and actuators.
Below are some common controllers:

Arduino

• Open-source microcontroller platform with easy programming via Arduino IDE.


• Supports various sensors and shields for IoT and robotics projects.
• Models include Arduino Uno, Mega, Nano, and Due.

Raspberry Pi

• A single-board computer running Linux-based OS.


• Features GPIO pins to interface with sensors and actuators.
• Suitable for AI, image processing, and IoT applications.
• Models include Raspberry Pi 4, 3B+, Zero.

NodeMCU (ESP8266/ESP32)
• WiFi-enabled microcontroller for IoT applications.
• Supports Lua and Arduino IDE for programming.
• ESP32 includes Bluetooth support along with WiFi.

3. Wireless Communication Modules


Wireless modules allow communication between devices over various protocols. Some commonly used
wireless modules include:

Bluetooth Modules

• HC-05/HC-06: Used for short-range wireless communication between devices.


• ESP32 Bluetooth: Integrated into the ESP32 microcontroller for IoT applications.

WiFi Modules

• ESP8266: A low-cost WiFi module for IoT applications.


• ESP32: Supports both WiFi and Bluetooth, suitable for smart home applications.

GSM Modules

• SIM800/SIM900: Enables communication over cellular networks for SMS and calls.
• Quectel M95: A compact GSM module used in industrial IoT applications.

Conclusion
Understanding different sensors, controllers, and wireless modules helps in selecting the right
components for IoT, automation, and robotics projects. Controllers like Arduino and Raspberry Pi
provide flexible platforms for development, while communication modules like WiFi and GSM enable
wireless connectivity, making them essential for smart applications.

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