0% found this document useful (0 votes)

18 views13 pages

Linux Commands

An operating system (OS) is essential software that enables communication between hardware and allows other programs to run, with common examples including Windows, OS X, and Linux. Understanding operating systems is crucial for software development, as they impact process management, memory management, and program execution. The document also provides an overview of Linux commands for file management and system operations.

Uploaded by

chillimunthagowthami

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

0% found this document useful (0 votes)

18 views13 pages

Linux Commands

Uploaded by

chillimunthagowthami

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

You are on page 1/ 13

OS

What is an Operating System?

An operating system, or "OS," is software that communicates with the

hardware and allows other programs to run. It is comprised of system
software, or the fundamental files your computer needs to boot up and
function. Every desktop computer, tablet, and smartphone includes an
operating system that provides basic functionality for the device.

Common desktop operating systems include Windows, OS X, and Linux.

While each OS is different, most provide a graphical user interface, or GUI,
that includes a desktop and the ability to manage files and folders. They also
allow you to install and run programs written for the operating system.
Windows and Linux can be installed on standard PC hardware, while OS X is
designed to run on Apple systems. Therefore, the hardware you choose
affects what operating system(s) you can run.

How do Operating Systems impact software development?

Being a developer you might have focused your skills on problem-solving and
data structures. However, consider a scenario where you’re executing code,
but your program runs too slowly. You check your code, and you find that
there is nothing wrong with your code. What could be the reason behind this?

Well, one of the reasons could be your operating system. If you need to
debug your program then how would you do that if you don’t know how your
operating system works? Some possibilities are that you’re accessing too
many files, you’re running out of memory or that swap is in high usage.

Other considerations include:

 Is it a local program or is the code running over the Internet?

 Why do some programmers prefer one OS over another?

As a developer, you should understand the importance of the operating

systems. Today we are going to discuss some important concepts about
operating systems that will help in your professional development.

Process and Process Management

The process is basically defined as a program in execution. The process

should be executed sequentially. When you write a computer program in a
text file and when you execute this program it becomes a process in your
system. This process performs all the tasks mentioned in the program. A
process generally passes through (but doesn't always) five different states:
Start, Ready, Running, Waiting, Terminated, or Exit. These states may have
different names depending on the operating system.

Threads

You can define a thread as a flow of execution through the process code. The
thread keeps track of all the instructions that need to be executed next in the
program counter. Also, the thread contains system registers that hold the
current working variables. Also, the thread's stack contains the execution
history.

Scheduling

In scheduling, the process manager takes the responsibility to remove the

running process from the CPU and chooses another process based on a
specific strategy. For multiprocessing operating systems scheduling is the
essential part. More than one process can be loaded into the executable
memory at a time. The processes share the CPU using time multiplexing
once they are loaded.

Memory Management

Memory management refers to the functionality of an operating system that

handles and manages the primary memory. Processes move back and forth
between the main memory and the disk during the execution.

Unix/Linux: Demo Moving and Deleting Files (Using Git Bash)

Linux is a free and open-source software that operates on its own operating
system. The term ‘Linux’ stands for GNU + Linux. Initially developed by
Linus Torvalds, it was created alongside the source code of Unix.

Linux commands are a type of Unix command or shell procedure. They are
the basic tools used to interact with Linux on an individual level. Linux
commands are used to perform a variety of tasks, including displaying
information about files and directories.

Commands

1. Is command in Linux
The ls command is commonly used to identify the files and directories in the
working directory.

2. pwd command in Linux

The pwd command is mostly used to print the current working directory on
your terminal.

3. mkdir command in Linux

This mkdir command allows you to create fresh directories in the terminal
itself. The default syntax is mkdir <directory name> and the new directory
will be created.

Mkdir linux

4. cd command in Linux

The cd command is used to navigate between directories. It requires either

the full path or the directory name, depending on your current working
directory.

5. rmdir command in Linux

The rmdir command is used to delete permanently an empty directory.

Rmdir linux

6. cp command in Linux

The cp command of Linux is equivalent to copy-paste and cut-paste in

Windows.

Cp file1.txt file2.txt

7. mv command in Linux

The mv command is generally used for renaming the files in Linux.

Mv file1.txt rename.txt

8. rm command in Linux

rm command in Linux is generally used to delete the files created in the

directory.
Rm file2.txt

9. uname command in Linux

The uname command is used to check the complete OS information of the

system.

10. locate command in Linux

The locate command is generally used to locate the files in the database.
Use an asterisk (*) to search for content that contains two or more words. As
an example: locate first*file. This command will search the database for
the files that contain these two names first and file.

Locate rename

11. touch command in Linux

The touch command creates an empty file when put in the terminal in this
format as touch <file name>

Touch file.txt

12. ln command in Linux

The ln command is used to create a shortcut link to another file.

Mkdir Demo

Mkdir Linked

Ln -S Demo Linked

13. cat command in Linux

The cat command is the simplest command to use when you want to see
the contents of a particular file.

Cat rename.txt

14. clear command in Linux

The clear command is a standard command to clear the terminal screen.

AzureAD+RemyaGopalakrishnan@Rev-PG02Q4F4 MINGW64 ~

$ ls

'#11529788.xls'

'#30875EAF.pptx'
'#5FFC725E.jpg'

'#99745836.doc'

'$0049E269.pptx'

'$3F10BB8A.jpg'

'$43FA8C3C.doc'

'$F77FDBC5.xls'

'3D Objects'/

AppData/

'Application Data'@

Contacts/

Cookies@

Documents/

Downloads/

Favorites/

IntelGraphicsProfiles/

Links/

'Local Settings'@

Music/

'My Documents'@

NTUSER.DAT

NTUSER.DAT{49a2fef9-b067-11ef-8227-84a93855a2a7}.TM.blf

NTUSER.DAT{49a2fef9-b067-11ef-8227-
84a93855a2a7}.TMContainer00000000000000000001.regtrans-ms

NTUSER.DAT{49a2fef9-b067-11ef-8227-
84a93855a2a7}.TMContainer00000000000000000002.regtrans-ms

NetHood@

OneDrive/
'OneDrive - revature.com'/

Postman/

PrintHood@

Recent@

'Saved Games'/

Searches/

SendTo@

'Start Menu'@

Templates@

Untitled.ipynb

Untitled1.ipynb

Untitled2.ipynb

Untitled3.ipynb

Videos/

anaconda3/

angular-course/

angular-firstapp/

eclipse/

eclipse-workspace/

linuxCommands/

ml-docker-app/

mlartifacts/

mlruns/

my-app/

ntuser.dat.LOG1

ntuser.dat.LOG2

ntuser.ini
test/

test.mv.db

test.trace.db

zipkin-server-2.12.9-exec.jar*

AzureAD+RemyaGopalakrishnan@Rev-PG02Q4F4 MINGW64 ~

$ pwd

/c/Users/RemyaGopalakrishnan

AzureAD+RemyaGopalakrishnan@Rev-PG02Q4F4 MINGW64 ~

$ cd linuxCommands

AzureAD+RemyaGopalakrishnan@Rev-PG02Q4F4 MINGW64
~/linuxCommands

$ mkdir linux

AzureAD+RemyaGopalakrishnan@Rev-PG02Q4F4 MINGW64
~/linuxCommands

$ ls

linux/

AzureAD+RemyaGopalakrishnan@Rev-PG02Q4F4 MINGW64
~/linuxCommands

$ mkdir command

AzureAD+RemyaGopalakrishnan@Rev-PG02Q4F4 MINGW64
~/linuxCommands

$ ls
command/ linux/

AzureAD+RemyaGopalakrishnan@Rev-PG02Q4F4 MINGW64
~/linuxCommands

$ rmdir linux

AzureAD+RemyaGopalakrishnan@Rev-PG02Q4F4 MINGW64
~/linuxCommands

$ ls

command/

AzureAD+RemyaGopalakrishnan@Rev-PG02Q4F4 MINGW64
~/linuxCommands

$ ls

command/

AzureAD+RemyaGopalakrishnan@Rev-PG02Q4F4 MINGW64
~/linuxCommands

$ cp file1.txt file2.txt