DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGG.
FOURTH SEMESTER B.TECH.
SUBJECT: ELECTRICAL MACHINERY-II (ELE 2225)
Tutorials: T1-T3
Topics: Three Phase Synchronous Generators
1. A 3 phase, 50 Hz, 500 rpm star connected synchronous generator has maximum air gap flux density of 1.42
Wb/m2. The air gap core diameter is 1.2 m and a core length of 30 cm. The armature consists of 72 slots
housing a double layer, 9 turns lap wound coils with a winding factor of 0.933. Determine phase and line emf
induced.
2. A 3-phase alternator has 2 slots per pole per phase and coil span of 5 slot pitches. The flux density wave of
alternator consists of a fundamental and a 25% third harmonic. Calculate the percentage increase in the phase
voltage due to harmonic.
3. The flux distribution curve of a 3 phase, star connected, 4 pole, 24 slots, 1500 rpm is given by B = 1.2 sin t
+ 0.25 sin 3t + 0.2 sin 5t. The stator consists of 192 conductors that are lap wound in two layers with a coil
span of 150⁰. The pole pitch is 0.4 m while the core length is 0.3 m. Determine the (a) pitch and distribution
factors (b) RMS value of line voltage (Consider avg= 0.64 m )
4. A 3 phase, 50 Hz, 750 rpm alternator has its armature winding short pitched by two slots resulting in a coil
span of 1440 elec. Determine
(i) total no. of armature slots (ii) minimum order of harmonic emf that can be suppressed.
5. The following data were obtained for the OCC of a 10MVA, 13 KV, 3 phase, 50Hz, star connected
synchronous generator:
If (A) 50 75 100 125 150 162.5 200 250 300
VOC (line) (kV) 6.2 8.7 10.5 11.8 12.8 13.2 14.2 15.2 15.9
An excitation of 100A causes the full load current to flow during the short-circuit test. The effective
armature resistance is 1.2 Ω per phase. Estimate the voltage regulation of the alternator at full load 0.8 p.f
lagging.
6. Two identical 3 phase star connected generators are supplying equal active power when operating in parallel
to supply a total load of 1 MW at 6 kV and 0.8 pf lagging. The synchronous impedance of each machine is
(2+j40) Ω per phase. The field of the first generator is so excited that its armature current is 55 A lagging.
Find
a. armature current of the second machine,
b. power factor of each machine
c. open circuit emf of each machine
7. Two identical 2000 KW alternators operate in parallel. The governor of the first machine is such that the
frequency drops uniformly from 50 Hz on no-load to 48 Hz on full load. The corresponding uniform speed
drop of the second machine is 50 Hz to 47.5 Hz.
a. How will the two machines share a load of 3000 KW?
b. What is the maximum load at upf that can be delivered without overloading either machine?
8. Two 3 phase alternators having synchronous impedance of (0.1+j2) /phase and (0.2+j3)/phase
respectively are connected in parallel to supply a common load of impedance (2+j1) /phase. If the induced
emf of each machine is 1100 V/phase where the induced emf of second machine is lagging that of first
machine by 10° electrical. Find (i) common voltage (ii) armature current and power output of each machine
9. A 3 phase, 20 MVA, star connected alternator with an impedance of (0.5+j 6) per phase is operating in
parallel with constant voltage 11 kV bus bars. The field current is adjusted to give a line excitation voltage of
12 kV. With constant excitation, calculate (i) maximum power output from the alternator (ii) armature current
and power factor under maximum power condition.
10. A 3.5 MVA, 6.6 kV, 32 pole, 50 Hz, 3 phase synchronous generator has the direct and quadrature axis
synchronous reactance as measured by the slip test of 9.6 Ω and 6 Ω per phase respectively with negligible
armature resistance. When supplying rated load 0.8 pf lag, determine (i) the excitation emf needed to
maintain the rated terminal voltage (ii) synchronising power per mechanical degree of rotor displacement.
11. A 3 phase, 5 kVA, 240 V, 50 Hz star connected salient pole alternator has the slip test readings as follows:
Maximum and minimum voltage per phase : 115 V and 104 V
Maximum and minimum current per phase : 12 A and 8 A
The direct axis reactance as determined by synchronous impedance method is 13 Ω per phase. Armature
resistance is negligible. Determine (i) direct and quadrature axis reactance (ii) induced emf and load angle
when operating at rated load, 0.8 pf lagging (iii) total power input when the reluctance power is maximum
with excitation kept constant as calculated above.
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