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HTML Introduction | GeeksforGeeks

HTML, or HyperText Markup Language, is the standard language for creating and structuring content on the web, using elements, tags, and attributes. It serves as the foundation for all websites and is often used in conjunction with CSS and JavaScript for styling and interactivity. The document outlines the basic structure of HTML, its key features, applications, limitations, and enhancements introduced with HTML5.

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21 views

HTML Introduction | GeeksforGeeks

HTML, or HyperText Markup Language, is the standard language for creating and structuring content on the web, using elements, tags, and attributes. It serves as the foundation for all websites and is often used in conjunction with CSS and JavaScript for styling and interactivity. The document outlines the basic structure of HTML, its key features, applications, limitations, and enhancements introduced with HTML5.

Uploaded by

sachinruhil627
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HTML Introduction | GeeksforGeeks 14/05/25, 3:25 AM

HTML Introduction
Summary

HTML, or HyperText Markup Language, is the standard language used to


create and structure content on the web. It defines the structure of a
webpage using elements, tags, and attributes. HTML is a markup
language, not a programming language, and forms the building blocks of
all websites.

HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language. It is the standard


language used to create and structure content on the web. It defines the
structure of a webpage by using a series of elements, tags, and attributes
to organize text, images, links, and other multimedia elements.

HTML is a markup language, not a programming language, meaning


it annotates text to define how it is structured and displayed by web
browsers.
It forms the building blocks of all websites and is complemented by
CSS for style and JavaScript for interactivity.
It is a static language, meaning that it does not inherently provide
interactive features but can be combined with CSS for styling and
JavaScript for interactivity.

In a nutshell, HTML is all about organizing and displaying


information on a webpage. We can think of it as the bones or
structure of a webpage.

Basic HTML Code Example

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

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<head>
<title>My First Webpage</title>
</head>

<body>
<h1>Welcome to My Webpage</h1>
<p>This is my first paragraph of text!</p>
</body>

</html>

Output:

HTML

In this example:

<!DOCTYPE html>: Declares the document type and version


(HTML5).
<html>: The root element that wraps all HTML content.
<head>: Contains meta-information about the webpage, like the
title.
<title>: Specifies the title of the webpage (appears in the browser
tab).
<body>: Contains the visible content of the webpage.
<h1>: Represents the main heading on the page (“Welcome to My
Webpage”).
<p>: Defines a paragraph of text (“This is my first paragraph of

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text!”).

HTML Introduction

Key Features of HTML


Markup Language: HTML uses tags to markup content. Each tag
defines different elements, such as headings, paragraphs, tables,
links, etc.
Semantics: HTML provides semantic tags that describe the
meaning of the content. For example, <article>, <footer>, <header>,
and <nav> describe different types of content on a webpage.
Responsive Web Design: HTML supports various features for
building responsive websites, including media queries and the ability
to embed multimedia content.
Interactive Content: HTML can embed interactive content using
JavaScript, which allows for dynamic changes in the content.

HTML Page Structure


The basic structure of an HTML page is shown below. It contains the
essential building-block elements (i.e. doctype declaration, HTML, head,

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title, and body elements) upon which all web pages are created.

<!DOCTYPE html> – This is the document type declaration, not a


tag. It declares that the document is an HTML5 document.
<html> – This is called the HTML root element. All other elements
are contained within it.
<head> – The head tag contains the “behind the scenes” elements
for a webpage. Elements within the head aren’t visible on the front
end of a webpage. Typical elements inside the <head> include:
<title>: Defines the title displayed on the browser tab.
<meta>: Provides information like the character set or viewport
settings.
<link>: Links external stylesheets or resources.
<style>: Embeds internal CSS styles.
<script>: Embeds JavaScript for functionality.
<title> – The title is what is displayed on the top of your browser
when you visit a website and contains the title of the webpage that
you are viewing.
<h2> – The <h2> tag is a second-level heading tag.
<p>– The <p> tag represents a paragraph of text.
<body> – The body tag is used to enclose all the visible content of a
webpage. In other words, the body content is what the browser will
show on the front end.

An HTML document can be created using an HTML text editor. Save


the text file using the “.html” or “.htm” extension. Once saved as an
HTML document, the file can be opened as a webpage in the browser.

Note: Basic/built-in text editors are Notepad (Windows) and


TextEdit (MacOS). Other advanced text editors include Sublime
Text, Visual Studio Code, Froala, etc.

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HTML Elements and HTML Tag


HTML Elements and HTML Tags are related but distinct. An HTML
element is the complete structure, including the opening tag, content (if
any), and the closing tag (if applicable).

On the other hand, A tag is the actual keyword or name enclosed in angle
brackets (< >) that tells the browser what kind of content to expect.

HTML Tags

Tag Description
<html> The root element of an HTML document
<head> Contains meta-information about the webpage
<body> Contains the visible content of the webpage
<h1> to <h6> Headings of various levels (h1 being the largest)
<p> Defines a paragraph
<a> Defines a hyperlink
<img> Embed an image
<ul> Defines an unordered list
<ol> Defines an ordered list

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<li> Defines a list item


<table> Defines a table
<form> Defines an HTML form

To learn more about it follow the article – HTML Tags

HTML Attributes
Attributes provide additional information about an element. They are
placed inside the opening tag and are written as name=”value”. Common
attributes include class, id, href, and src.

Example:

<a href="https://www.example.com">Visit Example</a>

href is an attribute of the <a> tag that defines the URL of the link.

To learn more about it follow the article – HTML Attributes

Web Browsers
Unlike other programming languages, HTML does not show output on the
compiler. Web browsers show the results of an HTML code.

It reads HTML files and determines how to show content with the help of
HTML tags. Any web browser (Google, Safari, Mozilla Firefox, etc)
can be used to open a . HTML file and view the results.

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index.html

Why Learn HTML?


Here are 5 common reasons to learn HTML:

1. Build Websites: HTML is the basic building block for creating any
website. Learning HTML can help you pursue a career in web
development.
2. Customize Content: Allows you to edit or tweak web pages, emails,
or templates to fit your needs.
3. Understand how the web works: This helps you grasp how the
internet works and how web pages are structured.
4. Employment Opportunities: According to the Bureau of Labor
Statistics, projects that employment for web developers will grow 16%
between 2022 and 2032, which is much faster than the average
across all occupations.

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5. Learn Easily: HTML is beginner-friendly, making it a great first


step into the world of coding and technology.

Applications of HTML
Web Development: HTML is the backbone of every webpage. It
structures the content and integrates multimedia, hyperlinks, and
more.
Web Applications: HTML, in combination with CSS and
JavaScript, powers complex web applications (e.g., Google Docs,
Trello).
Emails: HTML emails use table-based layouts and embedded media
to deliver rich, interactive content.
Mobile App Development: HTML5 is used with frameworks like
PhoneGap to build mobile apps for iOS and Android.

Limitations of HTML
No Logic or Functionality: HTML cannot handle complex logic,
interactivity, or dynamic content on its own. It requires JavaScript
for such tasks.
SEO Limitations: While HTML provides structure, it’s not enough
by itself for search engine optimization (SEO). Proper metadata and
content structuring, as well as external SEO practices, are necessary.
Limited Styles: While HTML can handle basic styles via the style
attribute, it is typically complemented by CSS for complex styling and
layout.

HTML5: Enhancements and New Features


HTML5 introduced several powerful features that improve the structure
and functionality of web pages, including:

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Semantics: New tags like <article>, <footer>, <header>, and


<section> to improve the meaning of the content.
Multimedia: <audio> and <video> tags for embedding audio and
video without plugins.
APIs: New APIs like Geolocation, Web Storage, and Canvas allow for
more dynamic content and interactive websites.

HTML History
Currently, we are using HTML5, which is the latest and most advanced
version of HTML.

HTML was initially created by Tim Berners-Lee in 1991 as a way to


share and structure documents on the web.
The first-ever version was HTML 1.0, a basic and limited version.
However, the first standardized version, HTML 2.0, was published
in 1995, laying the foundation for web development as we know it
today.

Conclusion
In conclusion, mastering HTML is a fundamental step in your web
development journey. This guide serves as a comprehensive resource for
understanding HTML, from the basics to more advanced topics.
Remember, HTML is more than just a markup language – it’s a powerful
tool for creating engaging, accessible, and SEO-friendly websites.

To learn more about HTML, visit the HTML Tutorial Page.

Master The Art of Web Development with Full Stack Web


Development

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