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Evolution of Programming Languages Simplified

The document outlines the evolution of programming languages from FORTRAN in the 1950s to modern languages like Java and C#. It highlights key features and uses of various languages such as LISP, COBOL, and C++, emphasizing their applications in fields like AI, business, and web development. Additionally, it mentions web scripting languages and hybrid languages that have emerged for specific purposes.

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Fiza Farook
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5 views3 pages

Evolution of Programming Languages Simplified

The document outlines the evolution of programming languages from FORTRAN in the 1950s to modern languages like Java and C#. It highlights key features and uses of various languages such as LISP, COBOL, and C++, emphasizing their applications in fields like AI, business, and web development. Additionally, it mentions web scripting languages and hybrid languages that have emerged for specific purposes.

Uploaded by

Fiza Farook
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Evolution of Programming Languages - Simplified Notes

FORTRAN (Formula Translation)

FORTRAN I (1954):

- Made for IBM machines.

- Supported loops, basic input/output, 6-letter names.

- No data types.

FORTRAN II (1958):

- Supported separate compilation.

FORTRAN IV, 77, 90 (1960-1990):

- Added data types, IF-ELSE, CASE, recursion, arrays.

LISP

- Used in AI, based on lambda calculus.

- Works with lists.

- Functional programming style.

COBOL

- Used in business & banking.

- First to support macros, long variable names.

- Structured into data divisions.

ALGOL 60

- Introduced block structure.

- Allowed recursion and parameter passing.

- Inspired modern languages like C.

BASIC

- Beginner friendly.

- Very simple, now evolved into Visual BASIC.


Evolution of Programming Languages - Simplified Notes

PL/I

- Developed by IBM.

- Supports dynamic types and storage.

- Memory assigned during execution.

PASCAL

- Made for teaching.

- Easy, small, structured.

- System-level language (1972).

- Powerful, low-level access.

- Still used in many areas.

PROLOG

- Based on logic, not procedures.

- Used in AI to infer answers.

- Slow but intelligent.

ADA

- Made for defense systems.

- Strong typing, concurrency, exception handling.

- Uses packages and generic units.

C++

- Created in 1980.

- Combines procedural (C) + OOP.

- Used for big apps, gaming.

JAVA
Evolution of Programming Languages - Simplified Notes

- Created in 1990 by Sun.

- Based on C++, but only OOP.

- No pointers, used for GUI, web, mobile.

Web Scripting Languages

- Examples: Perl, PHP, Python, JS, Ruby.

- Used for web development.

.NET (C#)

- Combines C++, Java, Delphi.

- Advanced types like delegates, enums.

- Rapidly evolving for Windows apps.

Hybrid Languages

- XSLT: Transforms XML documents.

- JSP: Java Server Pages for dynamic websites.

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