10/7/24, 1:42 PM C++ for Programmers: Functions in C++ Cheatsheet | Codecademy
Cheatsheets / C++ for Programmers
Functions in C++
Function Overloading
With function overloading, C++ functions can have the #include <iostream>
same name but handle different input parameters.
At least one of the following criteria must be true in order
for functions to be properly overloaded: int add(int a, int b) {
Each function has different types of parameters. return a + b;
Each function has a different number of
}
parameters.
The function return type is NOT used to differentiate
overloaded functions. double add(double a, double b) {
return a + b;
}
int add(int a, int b, int c) {
return a + b + c;
}
int main() {
std::cout << add(3, 2); // Calls
add(int, int)
std::cout << "\n";
std::cout << add(5.3, 1.4); // Calls
add(double, double)
std::cout << "\n";
std::cout << add(2, 6, 9); // Calls
add(int, int, int)
}
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Function Parameters
When calling a function with multiple parameters, the #include <iostream>
number and order of the arguments must match with the
parameters.
Default parameters initialize to a default value if an double totalPrice(int items, double price
argument is not provided in the function call. = 9.99) {
Pass by reference lets the function modify the arguments
return items * price;
variables. Use the & operator to indicate that a
parameter is passed by reference. }
// Pass by reference
void addOne(int &i) {
i += 1;
}
int main() {
std::cout << totalPrice(10) << "\n"; //
Output: 99.9
int num = 2;
addOne(num);
std::cout << num; // Output: 3
return 0;
}
Command Line Arguments
Command line arguments are optional arguments passed #include <iostream>
to the main() function of a C++ program.
Passing command line arguments is as easy as appending
the arguments after the executable name. For example: int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
./greeting Hello World std::cout << argc << "\n";
In order to access command line arguments, the new
form of main() takes two arguments: for(int i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
argc : the number of command line arguments. std::cout << argv[i] << "\n";
argv : an array containing the values of command
}
line arguments.
return 0;
}
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10/7/24, 1:42 PM C++ for Programmers: Functions in C++ Cheatsheet | Codecademy
Introduction to Functions
A function in C++ contains a set of instructions that are #include <iostream>
executed when it is called.
A function declaration is composed of three parts:
1. Function return type void printTitle() {
2. Function name std::string msg = "Codecademy\n";
3. Function parameters
std::cout << msg;
A function can be called by specifying its name followed }
by a pair of parentheses () .
int main(){
printTitle();
return 0;
}
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