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Java Basics Long Answers

The document provides an overview of Java basics, covering arrays, object-oriented programming (OOP) concepts, constructors, operators, data types, and garbage collection. It defines arrays as fixed-size collections of the same data type and OOP as a paradigm based on objects. Additionally, it discusses various types of constructors, operators, data types, and the garbage collection process in Java.

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3 views3 pages

Java Basics Long Answers

The document provides an overview of Java basics, covering arrays, object-oriented programming (OOP) concepts, constructors, operators, data types, and garbage collection. It defines arrays as fixed-size collections of the same data type and OOP as a paradigm based on objects. Additionally, it discusses various types of constructors, operators, data types, and the garbage collection process in Java.

Uploaded by

alekyachowdarykonakanchi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Java Basics – Long Answers

1. Define Array and OOPs Concepts

Definition of Array:
An array is a collection of elements stored in contiguous memory locations. All the elements
in an array are of the same data type, and they are accessed using a common name with an
index.

Features:
- Fixed size
- Same data type
- Indexed access (starting from 0)
- Efficient memory management

Types:
- Single Dimensional Array: int[] arr = {1, 2, 3};
- Multi-Dimensional Array: int[][] matrix = {{1,2},{3,4}};

Advantages:
- Easy access
- Memory efficient

Disadvantages:
- Fixed size
- Costly insert/delete

Definition of OOPs:
Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is a paradigm based on the concept of "objects", which
can contain data and methods.

Major Concepts:
- Class: Blueprint of objects.
- Object: Instance of a class.
- Inheritance: Reuse properties.
- Polymorphism: One interface, many forms.
- Encapsulation: Binding data and code.
- Abstraction: Hiding complexity.
2. Different Types of Constructors

Definition:
Constructor is a special method used to initialize objects in Java. It has the same name as the
class and no return type.

Types:
1. Default Constructor:
- No parameters.
- Java provides it automatically.

2. Parameterized Constructor:
- Takes parameters to assign values.

3. Copy Constructor:
- Takes another object of same class as argument.
- Java doesn’t provide it by default.

Constructors can be overloaded and can call each other using this().

3. What is an Operator? Types of Operators in Java

Definition:
Operators are symbols used to perform operations on variables and values.

Types of Operators in Java:


1. Arithmetic Operators: +, -, *, /, %
2. Relational Operators: ==, !=, >, <, >=, <=
3. Logical Operators: &&, ||, !
4. Assignment Operators: =, +=, -=, *=, /=, %=
5. Unary Operators: +, -, ++, --, !
6. Bitwise Operators: &, |, ^, ~, <<, >>
7. Ternary Operator: condition ? value1 : value2

These operators allow arithmetic, logical, comparison, and assignment operations.

4. Describe Different Data Types Used in Java

Data types define the size and type of variable values.


Types:
1. Primitive Data Types (8 types):
- byte, short, int, long: integer values
- float, double: decimal values
- char: single character
- boolean: true/false

2. Non-Primitive Data Types:


- String, Array, Class, Interface, Object

Primitive types store values; non-primitive store references to objects.

5. Write About Garbage Collection

Garbage Collection (GC) in Java is the process of automatically deallocating memory by


destroying unused objects.

How it Works:
- JVM monitors objects.
- If no references, object is marked for GC.
- Memory is reclaimed for reuse.

Phases:
- Marking
- Deletion
- Compaction

Types of GC:
- Serial, Parallel, CMS, G1

Advantages:
- Automatic memory management
- Avoids memory leaks

Limitations:
- No control over GC timing
- May cause pause in execution

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