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1. Lua program execution function
Lua is a programming language similar to Python and JavaScript. Its syntax is easier and
more user-friendly than the macros provided by the HMI. You can use simple instructions
to complete complicated computing and develop variable functions, as well as
programming the functions on your own, which makes the programming more flexible and
easier to meet the application requirements.
The Lua program runs repeatedly during the HMI operation, which is similar to the HMI
Clock macro and can run with other HMI macros at the same time without affecting the
execution efficiency of each.
HMI boots up or
exits system screen and enters HMI screen
Execute Clock macro Execute Lua
Repeat Clock macro execution completed Lua execution completed Repeat
Execute screen cycle macro based
on the delay time of cycle macro No delay and execution continues
(100 ms)
HMI power off
The Lua program editing interface and the IDE (Integrated Development Environment) are
similar. In addition to the program editing function, it has a debug function that allows you
to run the program on the HMI or simulate online (with a simulator) to check if the Lua
program is suitable for the circumstance. The debug function can set the breakpoint, run
the code line by line, as well as monitor the variables for quick modification of the program.
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Please refer to Table 1.1 Lua programming example.
Table 1.1 Lua programming example
1. Lua programming
Step 1: double-click the [Main] tab in the DOPSoft project tree to enter the editing interface.
Edit [Main]
program
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1. Lua programming
Step 2: add the following string to the [Main] program.
This program reads the value from $100 and write this value plus 1 to $200. Next, write the string
“Hello World!” to $300.
-- read $100
v1 = mem.inter.Read(100)
-- add 10
v1 = v1 + 1
-- write to $200
rev = mem.inter.Write(200,v1)
s1 = "Hello World!"
mem.inter.WriteAscii(300,s1,string.len(s1))
Edit [Main]
program
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1. Lua programming
Go to Screen_1 to create two Numeric Entry elements with the read addresses as $100 and $200
respectively. Then, create one Character Entry element with the read address as $300 and the
string length as 12.
Edit HMI
screen
Step 1: download this project to the HMI. The display is as follows after HMI power-on.
Execution
results Step 2: change the value of $100 to 95, and the value of $200 changes to 96 immediately.
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1.1 Lua program window
1.1.1 Lua programming window
Double-click on the Lua Program to open the Lua programming window as shown in
the figure below.
Toolbar
Programming area
Toolbar function description for the Lua programming window is as follows:
Toolbar for the Lua programming window
Symbol Name Hotkey Description
Start online
Enable online debugging of the Lua program;
program F5
the debugging target can be the HMI or simulator.
debugging
Stop
program Shift+F5 Stop the current Lua program in execution.
debugging
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Toolbar for the Lua programming window
Symbol Name Hotkey Description
Pause the current Lua program in execution. When pausing, a
yellow arrow points to the the next instruction to be executed.
Pause
program -
debugging
Run line by line. If the instruction to be executed is a function, this
instruction is executed completely. In the example below, if you
execute [Run line by line] at line 24, the program jumps to line 26.
Run line
F10
by line
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Toolbar for the Lua programming window
Symbol Name Hotkey Description
When the instruction to be executed is a function, jump into the
function to be executed. In the example below, line 24 “result =
equal (10,20)” is a function, and its contents are in line 4 - 8. At line
24, if you execute “Jump into”, it jumps to execute line 4.
Jump into F11
Function
contents
If the instructions in the function are in execution, jump out of the
current function and go to the next instruction. As shown in the
example below, the function contents are in line 4 - 8 that are called
by line 24. Execute “Jump out” at line 4, it automatically runs line 4 -
8 and then goes to line 26.
Jump out Shift+F11
Function
contents
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Toolbar for the Lua programming window
Symbol Name Hotkey Description
Resume F5 Carry on executing the program after the program pauses.
Set the breakpoint. During online debugging, the program
Breakpoint F9 execution pauses at a breakpoint. You can set multiple
breakpoints at the same time.
Delete all
Delete all breakpoints in the program.
breakpoints
Open the Input Address window to input the bit or word address.
Input
Address
Check if the Lua syntax in the project is correct. If there is any
incorrect syntax, the output window displays the error description.
Program
syntax
check
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The Lua program editing window includes four parts, “Line number”, “Breakpoint
setting”, “Program code folding”, and “program code editing”. You can click on
[Breakpoint setting] to set or cancel the breakpoints.
Line Program
number code folding
Breakpoint
setting
Program code editing
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1.1.2 Program monitor variable window
You can go to [View] to open the [Program monitor variable window]. This window
allows you to monitor the Lua program execution results by specifying the
variables. You can also change the variable in this window. For the operation
example, please refer to the description in 3.2 Debug mode.
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1.1.3 Program example helper window
You can go to [ View] to open the [Program example helper window].
This window lists all the Lua functions, including Basic syntax, Internal memory -$
(for reading and writing), Static memory- $M (internal register for non-volatile
reading and writing), External link (reading / writing address for controller), File
read / write / export / list, Math, Screen (for screen operation), String, System
library, Serial port communication, Text encoding, and Utility.
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The window has two parts, the upper part is the instruction list and the lower is
the description and example of each instruction.
Instruction list
Instruction description and example
By clicking the Add button, you can add the instruction example in the Lua
program. Please refer to Table 3.2 Example of adding Lua instruction.
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Table 1.2 Example of adding Lua instruction
1. Lua program
Step 1: double-click the [Main] tab in the DOPSoft project tree to enter the editing interface.
Open
programming
window
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1. Lua program
Step 2: go to [View] to open the [Program example helper window]
Open
programming
window
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1. Lua program
Step 1: execute [Internal memory - $] > [mem.inter.Read] > click the Add button.
Add Lua
instruction
mem.inter.Read
Step 2: a new instruction is added to the Lua program editing interface. Users can edit the
program by referring to this example.
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1.2 Debug mode
For the Lua program debugging method, please refer to Table 3.3 Lua program debugging
example.
Table 1.3 Lua program debugging example
1. Lua programming
Step 1: double-click the [Main] tab in the DOPSoft project tree to enter the editing interface.
Edit [Main]
program
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1. Lua programming
Step 2: add the following string to the [Main] program.
This program reads the value from $100 and write this value plus 1 to $200. Next, write the string
“Hello World!” to $300.
-- read $100
v1 = mem.inter.Read(100)
-- add 10
v1 = v1 + 1
-- write to $200
rev = mem.inter.Write(200,v1)
s1 = "Hello World!"
mem.inter.WriteAscii(300,s1,string.len(s1))
Edit [Main]
program
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1. Lua programming
Step 1: go to Screen_1 to create two Numeric Entry elements and set the read addresses as $100
and $200 respectively. Then, create one Character Entry element with the read address as $300
and the string length as 12.
Edit HMI
screen
Step 2: create four numeric display elements on Screen_1. Set the read address as NET1_IP1,
NET1_IP2, NET1_IP3, and NET1_IP4 of Internal Parameter.
Step 1: download the project to the HMI. The HMI display is as follows:
Execution
results
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1. Lua programming
Step 2: click the left side of line 13 in the Lua program to set a breakpoint.
Step 3: go to the Lua programming window to start online program debugging.
Execution
results
Step 4: specify the address as the HMI IP.
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1. Lua programming
Step 5: click OK and the Lua program starts running online. Then, it stops at line 13 where the
breakpoint is placed.
Execution
results
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1. Lua programming
Step 1: enter “v1” in the monitoring variable window.
Step 2: set 50 for $100 on the HMI.
Monitoring
variable Step 3: click on the arrow button to carry on the execution in the Lua program editing window.
Step 4: Lua program runs and then stops again at line 13, where the breakpoint is placed.
Because of the instructions of line 9 and 11, “v1” reads the value of $100 and plus 1, then “v1” in
the variable monitoring window is 51.
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1.3 Subroutine execution
You can use subroutines in the Lua program to simplify the program for easy maintenance
and development. In the Main program, you can use a “require” instruction to load the
subroutine. Please refer to Table 1.4 Subroutine execution example.
Table 1.4 Subroutine execution example
1. Lua programming
Step 1: double-click [Main] in the DOPSoft project tree to enter the editing interface.
Edit [Main]
program
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1. Lua programming
Step 2: add the following string to the [Main] program.
This part of the program compares the values of $100 and $101, and then write the result to $200.
If these two values are equal, the result is 1; if not, the result is 0.
[require "Prog001"] in the second line loads Prog001. The instruction in line 9 calls the function in the
subroutine.
require "Prog001"
while true do
-- Add loop code here (cyclic run)
-- read $100,$101
v1 = mem.inter.Read(100)
v2 = mem.inter.Read(101)
-- compare these values
result = equal(v1,v2)
--write result to $200
rev = mem.inter.Write(200,result)
-- one cycle is 250ms
Edit [Main] sys.Sleep(250)
program end
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1. Lua programming
Step 1: right-click [Program] in the DOPSoft project tree to add a new program.
Edit sub-
program Step 2: double-click Prog001 to enter the editing interface.
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1. Lua programming
Step 3: add the string below to Prog001.
This program is a function and compares the two values to check if they are equal. If these two
values are equal, the result is 1; if not, the result is 0.
function equal (val_1,val_2)
if val_1 == val_2 then
return 1
else
return 0
end
end
Edit sub-
program
Go to Screen_1 to create three Numeric Entry elements with the read addresses as $100, $101,
and $200 respectively.
Edit HMI
screen
.
Step 1: download the project to the HMI. Set 250 for both $100 and $101, and the HMI displays
the comparison result as 1 as shown below:
Execution
results Step 2: change the value of $100 to 200, and the HMI displays the comparison result as 0 as
shown below:
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