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C++ Programming Notes

This document provides a comprehensive overview of C++ programming, covering essential topics such as data types, input/output, operators, conditional statements, loops, arrays, functions, pointers, strings, object-oriented programming, file handling, and the Standard Template Library (STL). Each section includes syntax examples to illustrate the concepts. It serves as a practical guide for beginners and intermediate programmers to understand and apply C++ programming techniques.

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24 views3 pages

C++ Programming Notes

This document provides a comprehensive overview of C++ programming, covering essential topics such as data types, input/output, operators, conditional statements, loops, arrays, functions, pointers, strings, object-oriented programming, file handling, and the Standard Template Library (STL). Each section includes syntax examples to illustrate the concepts. It serves as a practical guide for beginners and intermediate programmers to understand and apply C++ programming techniques.

Uploaded by

uldesoleha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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C++ Programming Notes with Syntax

and Examples
1. Basics of C++
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {
cout << "Hello, World!";
return 0;
}

2. Data Types & Variables


int a = 5;
float b = 3.14;
char c = 'A';
bool flag = true;

3. Input/Output
int x;
cin >> x; // Input
cout << "Value: " << x; // Output

4. Operators
int a = 10, b = 3;
cout << a + b; // Arithmetic
cout << (a == b); // Relational
a += 5; // Assignment

5. Conditional Statements
if (a > b) {
cout << "a is greater";
} else {
cout << "b is greater";
}

6. Loops
// For Loop
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
cout << i;
}

// While Loop
int i = 0;
while (i < 5) {
cout << i;
i++;
}

// Do-While Loop
int i = 0;
do {
cout << i;
i++;
} while (i < 5);

7. Arrays
int arr[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
cout << arr[2]; // Output: 3

8. Functions
int add(int x, int y) {
return x + y;
}

int main() {
cout << add(5, 3);
}

9. Pointers
int a = 10;
int* p = &a;
cout << *p; // Output: 10

10. Strings
string s = "Hello";
cout << s.length();

11. OOP - Class & Object


class Car {
public:
string brand;
void honk() {
cout << "Beep!";
}
};

int main() {
Car obj;
obj.brand = "Ford";
obj.honk();
}
OOP - Constructor
class Car {
public:
Car() {
cout << "Constructor called!";
}
};

OOP - Inheritance
class Animal {
public:
void sound() {
cout << "Animal sound";
}
};

class Dog : public Animal {};

int main() {
Dog d;
d.sound();
}

12. File Handling


#include <fstream>
ofstream fout("file.txt");
fout << "Writing to file";
fout.close();

13. STL - Vector


#include <vector>
vector<int> v = {1, 2, 3};
v.push_back(4);

STL - Map
#include <map>
map<string, int> age;
age["Alice"] = 25;

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