Scribd
Upload
6 views5 pages

Linux Common Commands

This document provides a comprehensive list of commonly used Linux commands categorized by their functions, including basic file and directory commands, file viewing and editing, file permissions, process management, networking, disk and storage, package management, user management, system information, and miscellaneous commands. Each command is accompanied by a brief description of its purpose. This organized format aids users in quickly finding and understanding the commands they need.

Uploaded by

raphaelvicuna
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
6 views5 pages

Linux Common Commands

This document provides a comprehensive list of commonly used Linux commands categorized by their functions, including basic file and directory commands, file viewing and editing, file permissions, process management, networking, disk and storage, package management, user management, system information, and miscellaneous commands. Each command is accompanied by a brief description of its purpose. This organized format aids users in quickly finding and understanding the commands they need.

Uploaded by

raphaelvicuna
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

Here’s a list of commonly used Linux commands, organized by category for easier

understanding:

🔧 Basic File and Directory Commands


Command Description

ls List directory contents

cd Change directory

pwd Show current directory

mkdir Create a new directory

rmdir Remove an empty directory

touch Create an empty file

rm Remove files or directories

cp Copy files or directories

mv Move or rename files/directories

find Search for files/directories

tree Display directories as a tree (may require


installation)

📄 File Viewing & Editing


Command Description

cat View contents of a file

less, more View file page by page

head Show first lines of a file

tail Show last lines of a file


nano, vim, Text editors
vi

echo Print text or variables

🛠️ File Permissions & Ownership


Command Description

chmod Change file permissions

chown Change file ownership

chgrp Change group ownership

umask Set default permission for new files

🧠 Process Management
Command Description

ps List processes

top Dynamic view of running processes

htop Improved top (may require install)

kill Kill a process by PID

killall Kill processes by name

nice, Set process priority


renice

🌐 Networking
Command Description

ping Test network connection


ifconfig / ip Show IP and network info
a

netstat / ss Show open network


connections

curl Transfer data from or to a


server

wget Download files from the web

scp Secure copy between hosts

ssh Secure shell to another system

💾 Disk & Storage


Command Description

df Show disk usage

du Show file/folder sizes

mount / Mount or unmount storage


umount devices

lsblk List block devices

fdisk Partition a disk

mkfs Create a filesystem

📦 Package Management
Ubuntu/Debian
Command Description

apt update Update package


index

apt upgrade Upgrade all packages


apt install Install a package
<package>

apt remove Remove a package


<package>

dpkg -i <file.deb> Install a .deb file

Red Hat/CentOS
Command Description

yum install Install a package


<package>

dnf install Modern alternative to yum


<package>

👤 User Management
Command Description

whoami Show current user

id Show user and group


IDs

adduser / Add a new user


useradd

passwd Change user password

usermod Modify a user

deluser / Delete a user


userdel

⚙️ System & Info


Command Description

uname -a System info


uptime Show system uptime

hostname Show or set system


hostname

date Show current date/time

cal Calendar

free -h Show memory usage

dmesg Boot and system logs

journalc View logs (systemd-based)


tl

🧪 Useful Miscellaneous
Command Description

alias Create a shortcut command

history Show command history

man Manual page for a


<command> command

clear Clear terminal screen

exit Exit terminal/session

You might also like