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OOPS - Java

The document provides an overview of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) concepts in Java, including classes, objects, encapsulation, polymorphism, inheritance, and data abstraction. It explains key components such as constructors, setters and getters, as well as method overloading and overriding. Additionally, it discusses the limitations of multiple inheritance in Java and the use of abstract classes and interfaces to achieve similar functionality.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
8 views6 pages

OOPS - Java

The document provides an overview of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) concepts in Java, including classes, objects, encapsulation, polymorphism, inheritance, and data abstraction. It explains key components such as constructors, setters and getters, as well as method overloading and overriding. Additionally, it discusses the limitations of multiple inheritance in Java and the use of abstract classes and interfaces to achieve similar functionality.

Uploaded by

nitinsingh3264
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OOPS - Java

Wednesday, 21 May 2025 16:56

Object Oriented Programing -> -> process - classes and object ->
POP - Procedure Oriented Programming -> specific task by task chl rhe the

OOPS -> object oriented Programming -> class and Object ->

Classes Objects
Class is a logical entity Real world entity
Class consist of attributes Object is a provide or a template of class
and behaviors Blue print of class
Which given by the objects
Class consists mainly Object just created for a the class so the new new
user can come and use the functionality
Properties ---- Data
members
Method ----- Functions
Student { Object -> dubara apni value provide
Roll Class ko
Name Class k pass template uske details
} Object uss class ka object baanne ke baad woh puri
functionality use kr saktha hia

Setters and Getters ->

Setter -> to set the value

Constructor -> special method -> automatically called -> at the time of object creation ->

Rules ->
1. Constructor name should be same name as class name name
2. Constructor can not return any value
3. Constructor automatically called at the time of memory allocation
4. Types =>

Pillars -> Data members


Encapsulation
polymorphism
Inheritance
Data Abstraction
Function

Class Student

Encapsulation ->

Wrapping up of data/properties with method/function - together into a single


class/unit

Class Student{

String name;
Int marks ;

String ->

Getname()
Class Student{

String name;
Int marks ;

String ->

Getname()

Getavg(){. // calculation
-----------
}

Polymorphism ->

When a method in a class has work more than one form ->

Example ->

Dhoni -> in a single match


1. WK ->
2. Bowling ->
3. Batting ->

Polymorhpism divided into 2 cateogires


1. Compile time
2. Run time

i. Compiler -> Method overloading


ii. Runtime -> Method Overriding

Method overloading -> in which we have multiple method name , with same name but diff
parameters

Class Cal{

Int sum(int a , int b){


Return a+b;
}

Int sum(int a , int b , int c){


Return a+b+c;
}

Float sum(float a , float b){


Return a+b;
}

Method Overriding ->


When child class has same method name with parents class and also that child
extending parents , so child class property will get the first priority so that that
method override

When u have same method but diff -> and also extend

Class Parent{
Void hello(){
SYSO("HELLO Parents ");
}

Class Child extends Parent{

Void hello(){
Syso("hello child");
}
}

Class Child extends Parent{

Void hello(){
Syso("hello child");
}

Child c = new Child();


C.hello() -> // Hello parents -> after adding that same method in child so that
// the answer will be of child class

Inheritance ->

Parent -> base

Child -> sub class -> derived class

When I have one class with 5 property and I want that same property in another
class
But I didn’t want to write again that property -> so in this case we inheritance

Inheritance I extends the second class with the first class which have the 5
property , on the spot that property will be inherit by the second one ,

So that without writing again the method we can utilise that functionality

Reduce redubancy ->


1 single extend -> multiple method utilise
Single
Multi
Hierarchal
Class Animal{
Hybrid
Void speak(){ Multiple Inheritance ->
Cout<<"Hello"; never work in java directly
}

Void eat(){
Cout<<"eating";
}

Class Dog extends Animals{ // By making Dog object ,dog can implement all the
property of animal ->
Animal

Void speak(){
Cout<<"barking";
Multi level ->
Herirical
Void Breed(){
Cout<<"german"; Animal
Dog }

Level -> single level

Multi level

Dog extends Animal


BabyDog Cat extend Animal

Hybrid
Hybrid

Single level A
Multi level B
Herarichal Multiple
Hybrid
Multiple ->
Is not allowed in java
language ???
C
C extends A,B{

Constructor ->
1. Special method -> automatically call -> object creation ->
2. Iska name same hota hai class k naam se
3. No return -> memory allocated at the time of object creation

Class Student{

//data members
//Student s = new Student();
String name;
Int age;
Student s1= new Student(10);
S.setname
S.get
// getters and setters

Student(){
Cout<<"Constructor is called";
}

Student(int age){
Cout<<"your age is " , age;
}

Constructor ->
1. Paramteretized
2. Non Parameterized ->

Data Abstraction ->


Hiding the important detail => and providing you the functionality to the user ->

Method -> aapka kaam krdete hai

Method ko call krna hia

Jaise -> car ->


Engine start
Acc
Gear ->
Cout<<"Car move";
Jaise -> car ->
Engine start
Acc
Gear ->
Cout<<"Car move";

Example ->

Person 1
Person 2
SMS
SMS

Person 1 send the message


Person 2 receive a message

Bank Account ->

Account ->

Cash Withrawal -> 1000 ->

Cust account debit -> 1000


Bank Account credit -> 1000

Cash in hand ->

Code ->

Abstract Class Interface


Cannot abstract methods Specific set of class is implemented , method , abstract are
Cannot be instanized , without both allowed
implementation

Class can inherit from on abstract class Class can implemented from multiple interface ( Multiple
Inheritance )
Method -> public , private dono chalthe Method implictly public
hai
Can have member - final , non final , Implicity public -> static and final
static, static

Final -> Reassigned , re - initialized


Static -> we can reassign

Final -> Cannot be overridden by subclass


Static -> static member ko hi use krenge but overriden

Final -> first to last remain no change


Static local variable -> java allowed -> C / C++

Multiple Inheritance -> java do not allows to extend more than one class

Dog
BabyDog
Static local variable -> java allowed -> C / C++

Multiple Inheritance -> java do not allows to extend more than one class

Dog
BabyDog

Animal

But we can use Multiple Inheritance -> Data Abstraction ->


Abstract classes
Interfaces

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