Tuples in Python
A tuple is a data-structure, that can store multiple data. A tuple is immutable type, i.e., we
cannot add and delete elements from the tuple. The values that make up a tuple are called
its elements. The elements are indexed according to a sequence and the indexing is done
with 0 as the first index.
To create a Tuple, you separate the elements with a comma and enclose them with a
bracket “()”.
Syntax:
<name of Tuple> = ( <value1>, <value2>, <value3> )
For example:
1. tuple1 = (67, 82, 98, 92, 78, 87) - numeric tuple
2. tuple2 = ('Pen', 'Pencil', 'Rubber’) - a character/string tuple
3. tuple3 = ('A V Raman', 35,'TGT Computer’) - a tuple with multiple type values
4. tuple4 = () - an empty tuple
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We can access individual tuple elements using its index value and a range of elements using
slicing. A tuple index starts from 0.
Python indexes the tuple element from left to right and from right to left. From left to right,
the first element of a tuple has the index 0 and from right end to left, the extreme right
index element of a tuple is –1. Individual elements in a tuple can be accessed by specifying
the tuple name followed by a number in round brackets (( )).
t1= (10,20,30,40,50,60)
Tuple 10 20 30 40 50 60
Left to Right 0 1 2 3 4 5
Right to Left -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1
Tuples are immutable which means that after initializing a tuple, it is impossible to update
individual items in a tuple.
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Traversing a List
#1:Using for loop #2:For loop and range()
tuple1 = (1, 3, 5, 7, 9) tuple1 = (1, 3, 5, 7, 9)
for i in tuple1 : length = len(tuple1)
print(i) for i in range(length):
print(tuple1[i])
Adding elements in a tuple
#3: Using while loop
tuple1 = [1, 3, 5, 7, 9]
length = len(tuple1)
i=0
while i < length:
print(tuple1 [i])
Single
i += 1
element
tuple
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Slicing tuple Elements
Selecting a slice is similar to selecting an element(s) of a tuple. Subsets of tuples can be
taken using the slice operator with two indices in square brackets separated by a colon.
<tuple name> [start:stop:step]
start: Starting index where the slicing of object starts.
stop: Ending index where the slicing of object stops. (index-1)
step: It is an optional argument that determines the increment between each index
for slicing.
For example:
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Operators in Tuples
Membership Operators:
in - This operator tests if an element is present in tuple or not. If an element exists in the
tuple, it returns True, otherwise False.
a = (1, 5, 12,10)
print(5 in a)
o/p: True
not in - The not in operator evaluates True if it does not find a element in the specified
tuple, otherwise False.
a = (1, 5, 12,100)
print(1 not in a)
o/p: False
Concatenation Operator(+) – This operator concatenates two tuples with each other and
produces a third tuple.
a = (2, 3,4)
b = (1, 5, 6)
c=a+b
print (c)
o/p: (2, 3, 4,1, 5, 6)
Replicating Operator(*) -This operator repeatedly concatenates the tuples.
a = (2, 3,4)
print (a * 2)
o/p: (2, 3, 4,2, 3, 4)
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Tuple Functions and Methods
Python has a complete list of public methods that may be called on any tuple object. The
dot operator (.) is used along with the tuple to access tuple functions.
1.tuple() - This function returns a tuple of elements. The iterable argument is optional. You
can provide any sequence or collection (such as a string, list, tuple, set, dictionary, etc). If
no argument is supplied, an empty tuple is returned.
Syntax
tuple([iterable])
2. len() - This method returns the length of the tuple.
Syntax:
len(<tuple>)
Num = (23, 54, 34,69)
print (len(Num)) # o/p: 4
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3. count() - This method returns count of how many times a given element occurs in a tuple.
Syntax:
<tuple>.count(element)
4. index() - This method searches for given element from start of the tuple and returns the
index of first occurrence of the element.
Syntax:
<tuple>.index(element, start, end)
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5. reversed() - The method is used to reverse a tuple and returns an iterator. The method gets
a return value and they will leave the original tuple unmodified.
Syntax:
reversed(tuple)
6. sorted() - This function is used to return a sorted list of a tuple. Since tuples are arrays that
you cannot modify, they do not have an in-place sort function that can be called directly on
them.
Syntax:
sorted(tuple,reverse=False/True)
By default, reverse
takes False value
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7. max() - This function returns the item with the highest value in the tuple. If the values
are strings, an alphabetically comparison is done.
Syntax
max(<tuple>)
8. min() - This function returns the item with the lowest value in the tuple. If the values
are strings, an alphabetically comparison is done.
Syntax
min(<tuple>)
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9. sum() – This function is used to display sum of the numbers in the tuple.
Syntax
sum(iterable,add)
iterable : iterable can be a list , tuple or dictionary , but most importantly it should be
numbers.
add : It is added to the sum of numbers in the iterable. If start is not given in the syntax , it
is assumed to be 0.
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Nested Lists:
• A nested tuple is a tuple that appears as an element in another tuple.
• In the t1, the element with index 3 is a nested tuple. If we print(t1[3]), we get (10, 20).
To extract an element from the nested tuple, we can proceed in two steps. First, extract
the nested tuple, then extract the item of interest.
t1= ("hello", 2.0, 5, (10, 20))
innertuple = t1[3]
print(innertuple)
item = innertuple[1]
print(item)
• It is also possible to combine those steps using bracket operators that evaluate from left
to right.
print(t1[3][1])
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