Python Programming Syllabus

This Python Programming Syllabus is designed to take learners through fundamental topics
and gradually introduce advanced concepts. It’s intended to be a comprehensive roadmap
for beginners and intermediate learners, spanning roughly 12 weeks. This timeline can be
adjusted depending on the learner’s pace and existing knowledge.

Week 1: Introduction to Python and Environment Setup

Topics:
1. Overview of Python
o History and evolution of Python
o Why Python is popular: Readability, Libraries, Community Support, etc.
o Python vs Other Programming Languages (e.g., Java, C, etc.)
2. Installing Python & IDE Setup
o Installing Python from python.org
o IDEs (VSCode, PyCharm, Jupyter Notebooks)
o Introduction to the terminal/command line
3. First Python Program
o Writing and executing a basic Python program: Hello, World!
o Understanding script execution
4. Basic Syntax
o Indentation and blocks
o Commenting in Python (single-line, multi-line)
o Variables and data types: int, float, str, bool

Week 2: Data Types, Variables, and Operators

Topics:
1. Data Types in Depth
o Numbers: Integers, Floats, and Type Conversion
o Strings: Concatenation, Slicing, Methods (e.g., upper(), lower(), replace())
2. Basic Operators
o Arithmetic Operators: +, -, *, /, //, %, **
o Comparison Operators: ==, !=, >, <, >=, <=
o Logical Operators: and, or, not
o Assignment Operators: =, +=, -=, *=, /=
3. Input/Output
o Taking user input with input()
o Displaying output using print()

Week 3: Control Flow (Conditionals and Loops)

Topics:
1. Conditionals
o if, elif, and else

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Department of Computer Science, Author: Gyanendra Verma
 o Nested conditionals
o Logical conditions with multiple checks
2. Loops
o for loops: iterating over sequences (lists, strings, etc.)
o while loops: looping based on condition
o Break, continue, and else in loops
3. List Comprehensions
o Introduction to list comprehensions for efficient iteration

Week 4: Functions
Topics:
1. Defining Functions
o Syntax of defining a function: def
o Parameters, arguments, and return values
2. Function Scope
o Local vs Global variables
o Global keyword and modifying global variables inside functions
3. Built-in Functions
o Common Python built-in functions: len(), sum(), max(), min(), range(),
sorted()
4. Lambda Functions
o Syntax of lambda functions
o Use cases and examples

Week 5: Data Structures I - Lists and Tuples

Topics:
1. Lists
o Creating and modifying lists
o Accessing, adding, and removing elements
o List slicing and indexing
o List methods: append(), remove(), pop(), insert(), etc.
2. Tuples
o What is a tuple? How is it different from lists?
o Immutable properties
o Accessing and manipulating tuples
3. Iterating Through Lists and Tuples
o For loops, list comprehensions
o Nested lists/tuples

Week 6: Data Structures II - Dictionaries and Sets

Topics:
1. Dictionaries
o Creating and accessing dictionaries
o Adding, removing, and updating dictionary items
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 o Dictionary methods: keys(), values(), items()
2. Sets
o Set creation and manipulation
o Set methods: add(), remove(), union(), intersection()
3. Iterating through Dictionaries and Sets
o Iterating through keys, values, and key-value pairs

Week 7: Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Basics

Topics:
1. Introduction to OOP Concepts
o Classes and Objects
o Methods vs Functions
o Instance variables and methods
2. Defining Classes
o Creating classes and initializing objects with __init__()
o Accessing attributes and methods
3. Inheritance and Polymorphism
o Inheriting from a base class
o Method overriding
o super() keyword
4. Encapsulation and Abstraction
o Public vs private attributes and methods
o Introduction to getters and setters

Week 8: Error Handling and Exception Management

Topics:
1. Basic Exception Handling
o Try, except, else, and finally blocks
o Common exceptions in Python: IndexError, TypeError, ValueError
2. Raising Exceptions
o Raising custom exceptions with raise
3. Custom Exception Classes
o Creating custom exception classes
4. Assertions
o Using assert to test conditions

Week 9: File Handling

Topics:
1. Reading and Writing Files
o Opening and closing files using open()
o Reading files (read(), readline(), readlines())
o Writing to files (write(), writelines())
2. File Modes
o Understanding file modes (r, w, a, b, etc.)
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DAV PUBLIC SCHOOL CANTT. AREA, GAYAJI
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 3. Context Managers
o Using with statements for automatic resource management

Week 10: Python Libraries and Modules

Topics:
1. Understanding Modules
o Importing standard modules: math, random, os, datetime, etc.
o Creating and using custom modules
2. Using Third-Party Libraries
o Installing packages with pip
o Working with popular Python libraries: requests, numpy, pandas, matplotlib,
etc.

Week 11: Introduction to Web Development with Python

Topics:
1. Web Frameworks
o Introduction to web development with Flask
o Setting up a basic Flask app
o Understanding routing, templates, and request-response cycle
2. Working with REST APIs
o Making API requests using requests library
o Handling JSON data

Week 12: Final Project and Advanced Topics

Topics:
1. Final Project
o Hands-on project: Build a small application using everything learned (e.g., a
web scraper, a simple web app, or a data analysis project)
2. Advanced Python Topics (Optional)
o Decorators and Generators
o Regular Expressions (regex)
o Multithreading and multiprocessing
o Understanding Virtual Environments with venv

Additional Resources
• Books: "Automate the Boring Stuff with Python" by Al Sweigart
• Courses: Python courses on platforms like Coursera, edX, and Udemy
• Online Practice: Leetcode, HackerRank, and Codewars for hands-on problem
solving
• Python Documentation: https://docs.python.org/

Assessment
• Weekly Coding Challenges
• End-of-Syllabus Project (A project that utilizes all the concepts learned)
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Department of Computer Science, Author: Gyanendra Verma
 • Quizzes and Tests (Optional, based on your goals)

This syllabus covers all major foundational topics in Python and aims to guide you step-by-
step through the essential concepts. You can adjust the timeline depending on your
personal schedule. Would you like to go into more detail on any of these topics or adjust
the plan based on your goals?

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DAV PUBLIC SCHOOL CANTT. AREA, GAYAJI
Department of Computer Science, Author: Gyanendra Verma
 Week 1: Introduction to Python and Environment Setup
1. Overview of Python

Objective: Understand what Python is, its history, and why it’s widely used.

• History: Python was created by Guido van Rossum in 1989, and its design
philosophy emphasizes simplicity and readability.

• Python vs Other Languages: Python is known for its simple syntax and ease of use
compared to languages like C, Java, etc.

Why Learn Python?

• Versatility: Web development, data science, automation, machine learning, etc.

• Readable Syntax: Python’s syntax is clear and easy to understand.

• Community: Huge support and numerous libraries.

2. Installing Python & IDE Setup

Objective: Set up Python and choose the right development environment.

1. Install Python: Go to python.org and download the latest version of Python.

2. IDE Setup:

o VSCode: Download from here and install Python extension.

o PyCharm: Download from here.

o Jupyter Notebook: For data science, install Anaconda from here.

Check Installation:

python --version

3. Writing Your First Python Program

Create a new file called hello.py and type the following:

print("Hello, World!")

Run it by typing:

python hello.py

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DAV PUBLIC SCHOOL CANTT. AREA, GAYAJI
Department of Computer Science, Author: Gyanendra Verma
 Week 2: Data Types, Variables, and Operators
1. Data Types in Depth

Objective: Learn about Python’s basic data types and how to manipulate them.

Numbers:

• Integers: Whole numbers.

• Floats: Decimal numbers.

Example:

a = 10 # Integer

b = 3.14 # Float

Strings:

• A sequence of characters enclosed in quotes.

Example:

name = "Python"

print(name[0]) # Accessing first character

print(name[-1]) # Accessing last character

Booleans:

• True or False.

is_active = True

is_admin = False

2. Basic Operators

Objective: Understand how to perform calculations and comparisons in Python.

• Arithmetic Operators:

x = 10
y=3
print(x + y) # Addition
print(x - y) # Subtraction
print(x * y) # Multiplication
print(x / y) # Division
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DAV PUBLIC SCHOOL CANTT. AREA, GAYAJI
Department of Computer Science, Author: Gyanendra Verma
 print(x % y) # Modulo (remainder)
• Comparison Operators:

print(x > y) # Greater than

print(x == y) # Equal to
print(x != y) # Not equal to
• Logical Operators:

print(True and False) # and

print(True or False) # or
print(not False) # not
3. Input/Output

Objective: Take user input and print output.

name = input("Enter your name: ")

print(f"Hello, {name}!")

Week 3: Control Flow (Conditionals and Loops)

1. Conditionals

Objective: Learn how to make decisions in your program using if-else statements.

age = 18
if age >= 18:
print("You are an adult.")
else:
print("You are a minor.")
2. Loops

Objective: Understand how to repeat tasks using loops.

• For Loop: Iterating over a range of values or a sequence.

for i in range(5): # Loops through numbers 0 to 4

print(i)
• While Loop: Loops while a condition is True.

counter = 0
while counter < 5:
print(counter)
counter += 1
• Break and Continue:

for i in range(5):
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DAV PUBLIC SCHOOL CANTT. AREA, GAYAJI
Department of Computer Science, Author: Gyanendra Verma
 if i == 3:
break # Exit loop when i is 3
print(i)

for i in range(5):
if i == 3:
continue # Skip iteration when i is 3
print(i)
3. List Comprehensions

numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
squared = [x**2 for x in numbers]
print(squared)

Week 4: Functions
1. Defining Functions

Objective: Learn how to organize code into reusable blocks.

def greet(name):
print(f"Hello, {name}!")
greet("Alice")
2. Function Scope

Objective: Understand the difference between local and global variables.

x = 10 # Global variable

def my_func():
x = 5 # Local variable
print(x)

my_func() # Prints 5
print(x) # Prints 10
3. Lambda Functions

Objective: Learn about anonymous functions.

square = lambda x: x**2

print(square(5)) # Output: 25

Week 5: Data Structures I - Lists and Tuples

1. Lists
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DAV PUBLIC SCHOOL CANTT. AREA, GAYAJI
Department of Computer Science, Author: Gyanendra Verma
Objective: Learn how to work with lists, one of the most commonly used data structures.

fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]

fruits.append("orange") # Adding an item
print(fruits[0]) # Accessing the first item
2. Tuples

Objective: Learn about immutable sequences.

point = (3, 4)
print(point[1]) # Accessing second element

Week 6: Data Structures II - Dictionaries and Sets

1. Dictionaries

Objective: Learn how to use key-value pairs for storing data.

person = {"name": "Alice", "age": 25}

print(person["name"])
person["age"] = 26 # Update value
2. Sets

Objective: Learn about unique unordered collections of items.

numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4}
numbers.add(5) # Adding an element
numbers.remove(3) # Removing an element

Week 7: Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

1. Introduction to OOP

Objective: Understand the basics of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP).

class Dog:
def __init__(self, name, age):
self.name = name
self.age = age

def bark(self):
print(f"{self.name} says Woof!")

dog = Dog("Buddy", 3)
dog.bark()
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DAV PUBLIC SCHOOL CANTT. AREA, GAYAJI
Department of Computer Science, Author: Gyanendra Verma
2. Inheritance

class Animal:
def speak(self):
print("Animal sound")

class Dog(Animal):
def speak(self):
print("Woof!")

dog = Dog()
dog.speak() # Outputs Woof!

Week 8: Error Handling and Exception Management

1. Basic Exception Handling

Objective: Learn how to handle errors gracefully.

try:
x=5/0
except ZeroDivisionError:
print("Cannot divide by zero!")
2. Custom Exception

class CustomError(Exception):
pass

raise CustomError("This is a custom error!")

Week 9: File Handling

1. Reading and Writing Files

Objective: Learn to interact with the file system.

# Writing to a file
with open("example.txt", "w") as f:
f.write("Hello, Python!")

# Reading from a file

with open("example.txt", "r") as f:
content = f.read()
print(content)
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DAV PUBLIC SCHOOL CANTT. AREA, GAYAJI
Department of Computer Science, Author: Gyanendra Verma
 Week 10: Python Libraries and Modules
1. Importing Libraries

Objective: Learn to use Python’s built-in libraries and third-party packages.

import math
print(math.sqrt(16)) # Output: 4.0
2. Installing Third-Party Libraries

Objective: Install and use packages via pip.

pip install requests

Week 11: Introduction to Web Development with Python

1. Flask Basics

Objective: Learn the basics of web development using Flask.

pip install flask

from flask import Flask

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/')
def hello_world():
return "Hello, World!"

if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(debug=True)

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DAV PUBLIC SCHOOL CANTT. AREA, GAYAJI
Department of Computer Science, Author: Gyanendra Verma