Boiler Manual
Boiler Manual
Boiler Manual
EN 303-5 approved by DTI (Danish Technological Institute) Approved for pressure expansion Energy class AA
Approved
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Manual
KEDCO pellet boiler system INSTALLATION GUIDE
Table of Contents
SECTION 1 Boiler Specification................................................................................................3 SECTION 2 Boiler Installation...................................................................................................7 SECTION 3 Basic Menu (User Menu)..................................................................................... 11 SECTION 4 Technical Setup(Extended Setup)........................................................................ 14 SECTION 5 Extended set-up guide.......................................................................................... 16 SECTION 6 Cleaning Instructions........................................................................................... 17 SECTION 7 Troubleshooting................................................................................................... 19 SECTION 8 Warranty...............................................................................................................22 SECTION 9 Lambda Probe...................................................................................................... 23 SECTION 10 Pellet Hopper Setup............................................................................................24
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Manual
KEDCO pellet boiler system
The Building Regulations must be adhered to for the installation of the boiler Building Regulations Part F - Ventilation Part J Heat Producing Appliances Part L Conservation of Fuel and Energy General guidelines:
The boiler should be installed by an authorised fitter. The initial startup of the boiler must be done by a trained Kedco person. The chimney draught should be at least 5 PA(Pascals) and should be stable; a draught stabilizer should always be installed. If combustion gases condense in the chimney (wet ash) install a draught stabilizer in the chimney, or open the flue (the flap inside at the back of the boiler) as wide as possible to increase the temperature of the smoke. The boiler must be spanned with a mixing valve to ensure the return flow always has an element of hot water . A Sufficient flow of air must be available in the boiler room.
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Flue
The purpose of a chimney (stack) is to generate a draught (draft) that will transport smoke and fumes away from the point of combustion. The chimney design and arrangement of parts are of great importance in achieving an efficient heating system. The draught in the chimney is determined by outside air temperature, boiler (or furnace) capacity, exhaust gas temperature, chimney height and outside wind conditions. As conditions change with the seasons, the draught can easily vary from 0 to 100 Pa. Solid fuel boilers are most efficient when the negative pressure in the chimney ranges from 0 to 20 Pa. Irrespective of whether burning oil, wood or pellets, a stable draught is of great importance. A large number of domestic boilers that are sold today are replacements for older heating installations. They are often connected to old chimneys and/or chimneys with insufficient insulation. These older chimneys often have an open area that is too large for todays modern and efficient boilers. When changing from oil heating to wood or pellets, the problem is often the opposite since smoke gas volumes increase when burning solid fuels, demanding a larger area. Condensation will form if the exhaust gas temperatures are too low before they leave the chimney. The condensation that runs along the inside walls of the chimney consists mainly of water, but also contains corrosive acids. The draught regulator is very important for boiler reliability and fuel efficiency. Irrespective of whether the boiler is fired with oil, gas, pellets or wood, a stable draught in the chimney is important for combustion conditions in the burner chamber. Draught variations in the chimney influence velocity of the exhaust through the boiler, which effects heat exchange. When burning solid fuels with too high of a draught, the time for carburetion and contact with the heat exchanger are too short, which leads to low thermal efficiency, poor combustion and eventually problems in operation. Weather and wind conditions vary drastically over the period of a year, which changes the conditions in the chimney. On cold days with high wind conditions, the draught increases and on calm, warm days there may be no draught at all. This leads to different draught conditions inside the fire chamber as the burner fan will give different amounts of air depending on the conditions. The draught regulator is very important for boiler reliability and fuel efficiency. A stable draught in the chimney is important for combustion conditions in the burner chamber. Draught variations in the chimney influence velocity of the exhaust through the boiler, which effects heat exchange. When burning solid fuels with too high of a draught, the time for carburetion and contact with the heat exchanger are too short, which leads to low thermal efficiency, poor combustion and eventually problems in operation. Weather and wind conditions vary drastically over the period of a year, which changes the conditions in the chimney. On cold days with high wind conditions, the draught increases and on calm, warm days there may be no draught at all. This leads to different draught conditions inside the fire chamber as the burner fan will give different amounts of air depending on the conditions.
A Exhaust gas B Counter weight C Adjusting plate D Air from boiler room
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M ixing Valve
The valve is used to make sure the return temperature to the boiler is high enough to prevent condensation of flue gases in the boiler. This in turn prolongs the life of the boiler and gives better efficiency. The heating network water is allowed circulate back to the boiler see diagram installation below . Thus a minimum temperature of the water returning to the boiler is maintained.
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Manual
BOILER INSTALLATION GUIDE
Installing into boiler: 1. Check that the combustion chamber is undamaged. 2. Fit the combustion chamber and tighten it firmly using the two wing nuts supplied. 3. Ensure that the combustion chamber is in a horizontal position and all connections are tight. 4. Fit the cover and the plug. 5. Wire up the overheating safety fuse following the electrical wiring diagram. 6. Where possible use the Volt free contact to switch the boiler on and off. This allows proper cleaning of the burner head to take place when the burner is switched off. See 0 Volt contact on Page 21 Auger: 6. Install the auger through the opening over the combustion chamber. 7. Ensure that the pipe slopes enough to allow the pellets to fall into the combustion chamber. When using for the first time: 8.Make sure there are enough pellets by the entrance to the outer auger. 9.Force-start the auger by holding down the UP button and switching the power to the unit on at the same time. 10. If the pellets fall into the combustion chamber, turn off again by pressing DOWN. Then restart the burner using electrical ignition by pressing the down arrow. 11. Ensure there is water pressure in the boiler before attempting to start it (this is the gauge on the front panel of the boiler)and that the circulation pump is running.
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12. The digital temperature should should read the same value as the analogue clock on the front panel of the boiler. 13. If the temperature on the front panel of the boiler starts to rise very quickly turn off the power to the burner as there is either no water in the boiler,air in the system or the circulation pump isn't running correctly Turning off the alarm: 12. If the alarm goes off or the burner will not start, switch the burner off and on again using the ON/OFF switch on the regulator.
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Manual
Setting by weight
Unplug the burner and force-run the auger until pellets start to come out of it; continue for 15 minutes. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Then weigh the amount of pellets after 360 seconds and enter the result into the controls as the capacity of the auger. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Manual
SECTION 3 Basic Menu (User Menu)
Current operation Various sensor readings
Boiler temperature Smoke temperature (special apparatus) Temperature of mechanical stoker Current performance Oxygen % (special apparatus) Current light in combustion head
Press SET and the display will show SETUP for standard settings. The UP button is used to increase the setting and for force-running the auger (hold for longer than 5 seconds). The DOWN button is used to decrease the setting and switch the controls on/off (hold for 10 seconds). Temperature Automatic calculation Manual Calculation Timer Cleaning/performance Oxygen regulation BOILER TEMPERATURE Setting the required boiler temperature. The burner sets the performance higher or lower depending on the figure entered (setpoint). At ten degrees over this figure the burner will begin to Pause or turn itself off. Pause The setting defining how far the boiler temperature must drop below the desired value before it restarts.
Screw Capacity After setting the auger performance in 360 seconds the control will automatically calculate the amount. Low/full amount of pellets, number of Pauses and ignition must be set; under normal conditions these numbers will be the same. To increase combustion, set the DOWN value. To reduce combustion, set the UP value. CHIMNEY DRAUGHT With a strong chimney draught the Fan performance will be higher with a lower load and during Pause. If the amount of chimney draught is increased, the automatic calculation
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sets more pellets with smaller dosage and during Pause. The smaller the chimney draught and the greater the back pressure of the boiler, the lower the value must be. The greater the chimney draught and the lower the back pressure of the boiler, the higher the value must be. YES/NO Switching automatic calculations on/off. If automatic calculation is on, only the auger performance can be set. LOW PERFORMANCE Setting the amount of pellets for low performance. Should be set so there is a flame 10% of the time when running. FULL PERFORMANCE Setting the amount of pellets for full performance. Should be set so that combustion is powerful when running at 100%. Pause Setting the amount of pellets for during Pause. If in doubts about the settings, use the automatic calculation program. ACTIVATION/24 HOURS Setting daily operating cycles. Switches the pellet burner on and off at set periods. 1 24-hour cycle. 6 4-hour cycle. If this function is activated, the operating cycle is turned on. LENGTH OF CYCLE Setting the running times using the clock. The time should be set sufficiently in advance to allow the burner to reach normal operating temperature at the set time. NEXT TURN-ON Switches on after a certain length of time; this is used when the boiler needs to be turned on without anyone actually being present, e.g. at 4.00 in the morning. CLOCK The clock depends on the feed from the power station. You can set it so it is the same as your feed. The clock is calibrated when you set it, and should match after 1-4 settings. WARNING The clock does not contain a battery and will lose its settings if there is a power cut. Therefore always switch off using the ON/OFF button on the regulator.
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CLEANING INTERVAL Sets how often the burner should be cleaned. If you often heat on low load, the interval can be reduced to 5 minutes, with 5 seconds of cleaning. CLEANING TIME Set the cleaning time. The shorter the intervals the shorter the time should be. MINIMUM PERFORMANCE Setting minimum performance. If the pellet burner always works on low load and is having some difficulties, the minimum performance can be increased so the burner occasionally turns off. MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE Setting maximum performance. If the pellet burner rapidly reaches a high temperature, the maximum performance should be reduced.
LOW OXYGEN The amount of excess oxygen in the smoke at low performance. Sets the amount of fuel so that the excess oxygen is at the required amount. If the pellet burner smokes at low performance, set a higher percentage of oxygen. If the photo sensor has problems recognizing the ignition, this could be caused by the ignition being too weak; set a higher value to increase the feed. The flame should be yellowish. FULL OXYGEN The amount of excess oxygen in the smoke at full performance. Sets the amount of fuel so that the excess oxygen is at the required amount. If the pellet burner smokes at full performance, set a higher percentage of oxygen. If the flame is angry and sputtering, set a lower percentage of oxygen. NO/SHOW/YES Turns oxygen regulation on/off. Oxygen regulation set to ON the burner sets the amount of pellets to suit the required percentage of oxygen. Oxygen regulation set to SHOW you can read the percentage but the boiler does not set the required percentage of oxygen. The tighter the boiler, the more you get from oxygen regulation. It is recommended to fit the chimney with a draught stabilizer; this will reduce the draught and cut the amount of air flowing back into the boiler.
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MAXIMUM TIME Maximum Pause time; burner will then ignite electrically. AIR Fan speed during Pause.
BOOST Sets how much oxygen regulation should regulate when activated. CALIBRATION Calibration of oxygen sensor to ensure it gives accurate readings. Hold the exhaust gas oxygen sensor in the air and calibrate it to give it a reference value to the air (21% oxygen). WARNING! The oxygen sensor must be warm!
LOW PERFORMANCE Corrects the calculation program at low feed; used in special conditions causing a difference in calculations. FULL PERFORMANCE Corrects the calculation program at full feed; used in special conditions causing a difference in calculations.
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P PART Shifts performance in relation to deviation from required temperature. I PART Shifts performance in relation to the time the pellet burner deviated from the required temperature. D PART Shifts performance in relation to the temperature trend of the boiler.
MAXIMUM SHAFT TEMPERATURE Indicates the maximum temperature the burner can reach; protects against back combustion. MAXIMUM DIFFERENCE Indicates the maximum deviation from the set point temperature of the boiler before the burner triggers the alarm to signal a temperature drop caused by an error, etc.
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Manual
SECTION 5 Extended set-up guide
SETTING THE CONTROLS
The controls work in 100-degree modulation and change these degrees automatically. If you use an automatic calculation program after measuring the performance of the auger, no further setting should be necessary. Setting pellets at low and full load During normal everyday use it is recommended to occasionally check the combustion and assess the flames. Whenever the heating pellets are changed (size or length of pellets, etc. ), the dosing rate of the auger will also change, which will affect combustion. (However, if the pellet burner is equipped with oxygen regulation, the boiler will regulate this automatically.) If there is a big flame on low load (10-30% performance) (Dark, or black tips) or the ash is black with black pellets. In this case fewer pellets are required at low load. (Reduce the chimney draught or reduce the low feed) If there is a big flame on full load (70-100% performance) (Dark, or black tips) or the ash is black with black pellets. In this case fewer pellets are required at full load. (Increase the performance of the auger or reduce the full feed.) If there is a weak flame on low load (10-30% performance) (Small flame and sputtering stars) or the ash is light grey. In this case more pellets are required. (Increase the chimney draught or set the low feed higher). If there is a weak flame on full load (70-100%) (Small flame and sputtering stars) or the ash is light grey. In this case more pellets are required. (Reduce the performance of the auger or set the full feed higher.) The pellet burner must not smoke, but must be sealed tight. (Take care that smoke does not mingle with condensed steam.) Correct combustion normally results in dark grey ash, although this can vary slightly depending on the type of pellets used. White and light ash in the boiler means excess air. Having the boiler set up correctly has a great effect on the economy of burning wooden pellets Fuel type The boiler is set up for wooden pellets 6-8mm, which do not burn to cinders!!
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Manual
SECTION 6 Cleaning Instructions
When cleaning, turn off the burner Turn off the controls (hold the on/off button down for 10 seconds) and let the burner cool down for about 5 minutes; when it is completely switched off the burner is ready to be cleaned. Unplug the burner, remove the cover and the drop shaft and unscrew the burner from the boiler before continuing. The burner should be cleaned regularly and whenever necessary. This will ensure that the burner runs as economically as possible. The more suitable the boiler you have and the better the pellets you use, the longer the intervals between each cleaning session. The boiler Clean the ash out of the boiler and brush off all the surfaces to remove any deposits. Be very careful of the ash in the backflow valve and the chimney pipe. The chimney-sweep DOES NOT CLEAN the chimney pipe, you must do this yourself An old vacuum cleaner or ash bucket are especially suitable, as the ash does not normally contain carbon particles or tar. Combustion heads Remove the ash and any cinders from the grate. Remove any remnants of pellets from underneath the grate. Wipe the flame indicator. Ensure there is nothing in the Fan.
! VERY IMPORTANT!!! THE COMBUSTION HEAD WILL BE DAMAGED IF THE GRATE IS NOT POSITIONED CORRECTLY!!!
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Pellet hopper As the pellets you put in the hopper contain dust, the hopper should be completely emptied from time to time. The more dust there is in the hopper, the less the auger doses, which can interfere with the settings cause the burner to cut out. The frequency with which you empty the pellet hopper depends entirely on the shape of the hopper and the quality of the fuel you use. Restarting after cleaning Reassemble the pellet burner and ignite it (hold the on/off button down for 10 seconds), at which point the burner will start automatically. DO NOT FORGET to replace the cover, to ensure that the temperature of the combustion chamber is measured correctly.
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Manual
SECTION 7 Troubleshooting
To switch on/off the burner hold the down arrow(on/off button) for 10 seconds.
Cause 1. Cinders/ash in the combustion head. 2. Ash in the boiler, smoke pipe and chimney. 3. Backflow valve installed incorrectly in the boiler. 4. No draught in chimney. 5. Performance too high (kW) in proportion to boiler. 6. Defective sensor. 7. Flue problem. 1. Combustion grate not fitted correctly. 2. Ash/cinders in the combustion head. 3. Damp pellets. 4. Ignition not fitted correctly. 5. Defective ignition. 6. Excessive chimney draught. 7. Photo sensor is faulty/covered in soot. 8. Blocked fan. Boiler temperature has not exceeded 35 degrees after 2 hours of operation, or has dropped below 35 degrees when running. 1. Boiler overheated 2. Control fuses broken. 3. Contrast button not set on controls. 1. Electrical. ignition faulty. 2. Faulty cables. 1. Fuel supply instable. 2. Pellets remain in pipe. 3. 3.Low feed is set too low. 4. Chimney draught estimated wrongly. Solution Clean the combustion chamber! Clean the boiler, smoke pipe and chimney! Rectify or remove the backflow valve panel in the boiler! Strip the insulation in the smoke pipe, raise the chimney! Contact KEDCO! Change the heat sensor on the printed circuit board! Contact the flue installer Check the grate. . Clean the combustion chamber! Supplier/storage problem! Fit into quadrangular holder. Change ignition Install a draught stabilizer in the chimney. Clean/change the sensor. Clean the fan and check that it works. Low combustion chamber performance. Check pellet feed/fan! Check that the head sensor is on the boiler. Reset overheating fuse carefully Change the fuses. Check for short circuits! Set contrast button. Change electrical ignition Check cables and plug on burner. Check condition of burner. Check there is no sawdust at the entrance to the auger. Check the slope of the auger. Check that the auger drops into the combustion chamber. Increase chimney draught and watch LX indicator at Kw's
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1. Fuel supply instable. 2. Pellets remain in pipe. 3. Chimney draught is set too low. 4. Chimney draught too strong.
Excessive pellet 1. Combustion set incorrectly. consumption/boiler will not Chimney draught too strong. reach required temperature 2. 2.Backflow valve installed incorrectly in the boiler. 3. Bad boiler /low efficiency/ insulation. 4. Combustion chamber working too hard. 5. Damp pellets/poor quality. 1. Too many pellets. 2. Pause set incorrectly. 3. Blocked Fan. 1.No water in boiler 2.Circulation pump not working 3. Air in system
Boiler and burner are clogged up/black. High Temperature Stat Activated
Heating System Slow to heat Up Boiler Runs out of pellets/hopper runs low in pellets Pellet Size Changes
Check there is no sawdust at the entrance to the auger. Check the slope of the auger. Check that the auger drops into the combustion chamber. Watch LX indicator during Pause. Increase chimney draught. Install a draught stabilizer in the chimney. Check that the ash is dark grey! Measure the chimney draught/install a draught stabilizer. Check boiler, install backflow valve. Measure smoke temperature, then strip boiler insulation! Reduce performance of combustion chamber. Use efficient fuel. Increase auger performance in calculation program. Reduce chimney draught. Clean the Fan! Fill the system. Activate pump. Bleed air from system. (If the high stat activates again contact your plumber efore resetting) Bleed air from system Increase the volume of pellets being fed to the burner. Follow page 10 instructions step by step(Ignore weighing step) Reduce the pellet feed to the boiler i.e. Increase the value of the screw capacity (page11) Increase the pellet feed to the boiler i.e. Decrease the value of the screw capacity (page11)
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Manual
SECTION 8 Warranty
All products purchased from Kedco Energy are covered by the applicable Irish consumer law Products come with a five year warranty on the boiler and a two-year warranty on the burner valid from the date of receipt provided the boiler is serviced by a Kedco technician after year one. The warranty is only valid if the boiler is originally commissioned by a Kedco representative. However, this does not cover the exhaust gas oxygen sensor, electrical ignition or the combustion grate. These are considered to be replaceable parts. The warranty only covers production and material faults. If there is a fault with goods under warranty, Kedco Energy will send a replacement part for repair at no cost to the purchaser. The purchaser shall install the replacement part himself. If Kedco Energy offers to repair a defective part, the purchaser shall send it to Kedco Energy, who will repair it and then return it. The warranty becomes void if the fault is caused through circumstances caused by the purchaser, by accident, or by improper use of the goods, incorrect cleaning, chimney condition, as well as circumstances unrelated to Kedco Energy. In addition to this the warranty becomes void upon improper use of the boiler, for example by using fuel not approved by Kedco Energy. The warranty does not cover parts such as the exhaust gas oxygen sensor, electrical ignition and combustion grate. The purchaser is obliged to check the goods immediately upon receipt. If on the basis of this inspection the purchaser would like to make a claim to the effect that the delivery was inadequate or somehow at fault, the customer must immediately file the claim with Kedco Energy without delay. Goods can only be returned upon agreement with Kedco Energy. To the extent that Kedco Energy is liable to the purchaser, the responsibility of Kedco Energy is limited to direct damage, i.e. damage to connected equipment, and indirect damage, for loss of earnings, operating losses, connection costs, etc. responsibility: Kedco Energy accepts no responsibility as a result of the purchasers legal relations with third parties. All orders are accepted with the exception of force majeure, such as war, civil unrest, natural catastrophes, strikes and lockouts, breakdown in the supply of raw materials, fire, damage to Kedco Energy or its supplier network, breakdown in transport facilities, bans on import or export or any other event which prevents or restricts Kedco Energy from supplying its goods. In the case of force majeure, Kedco Energy may choose to either cease trading in full or in part, or to supply the contractual goods as soon as the obstacle preventing normal delivery has passed. In the event of force majeure, Kedco Energy is in no way responsible for any damage caused to the supplier as a result of its failure to deliver. We do not vouch for printing errors, price adjustments, changes in the exchange rate, sold-out goods or changes to specifications in products such as the manual. It is the purchasers responsibility to have the equipment registered with the appropriate offices; any disputes between the authorities and the purchaser do not relate to Kedco Energy and are not its responsibility. Upon request the following documents can be issued: 13. Declaration of conformity. 14. DTI type approval (Danish Technological Institute). 15. Printed circuit board diagrams.
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Manual
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Manual
SECTION 10 Pellet Hopper Setup
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