PowerShell Fundamentals

Dung K Hoang Dung.HoangKhac@hp.com

1 2009 HP Confidential 2009 HP Confidential

PowerShell Webinars
Tuesday, February 02, 2010 PowerShell Fundamentals Part I Dung K Hoang Thursday, February 04, 2010 PowerShell Fundamentals Part II Dung K Hoang

Tuesday, February 09, 2010 PowerShell - Active Directory Guido Grillenmeier

Thursday, February 11, 2010 PowerShell - SCVMM - Guido Grillenmeier

Tuesday, February 16, 2010

PowerShell Clustering Aric Bernard

Thursday, February 18, 2010

PowerShell - Exchange David Standish/Joel Ricketts/ Pete Petree

Tuesday, February 23, 2010

Thursday, February 25, 2010

PowerShell - Exchange Web Service Kevin Laahs

PowerShell - SCOM - Tommy Carron

Tuesday, March 02, 2010 PowerShell - MOSS 2007/2010 - Veli-Matti Vanamo /Brian Carter

Thursday, March 04, 2010 PowerShell - VMware/Hyper-V Steve Fortuna/Ken J Bell

Tuesday, March 09, 2010 POwerShell - Citrix Workflow Albert Hols

Thursday, March 11, 2010 Advanced PowerShell Dung K Hoang

Tuesday, March 16, 2010

2 2009 HP Confidential

Thursday, March 18, 2010 PowerShell and Office apps David Lee

PowerShell - WMI SCCM David Lee

This presentation is brought to you by the Microsoft Profession

Communities
Knowledge Sharing Collaboration Community Events

Personal Development
Training Development Certification

Career Development Networking Recognition

Mentoring Access to worldwide community of peers and mentors

Decide
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For more information, please visit http://intranet.hp.com/TSG/WW2/professions

Objectives And Key Takeaways

Session Objectives
Overview Learn

of PowerShell

PowerShell 101

Key Takeaways
Learn

Learn Learn PowerShell!

Non Goals
Full

training on PowerShell

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Old World and New World VBScript

Set listExchange_Mailboxs = GetObject("winmgmts:{impersonationLevel=impersonate}!\\COMPUTERNAME\ROOT\MicrosoftExchangeV2").InstancesOf("Exchange_Mail box") For Each objExchange_Mailbox in listExchange_Mailboxs WScript.echo "AssocContentCount = + objExchange_Mailbox.AssocContentCount WScript.echo " DateDiscoveredAbsentInDS = + objExchange_Mailbox.DateDiscoveredAbsentInDS WScript.echo " DeletedMessageSizeExtended = + objExchange_Mailbox. DeletedMessageSizeExtended WScript.echo " LastLoggedOnUserAccount = + objExchange_Mailbox. LastLoggedOnUserAccount WScript.echo " LastLogoffTime = + objExchange_Mailbox. LastLogoffTime

WScript.echo " LastLogonTime

= + objExchange_Mailbox. LastLogonTime

WScript.echo " LegacyDN = + objExchange_Mailbox. LegacyDN WScript.echo " MailboxDisplayName = + objExchange_Mailbox. MailboxDisplayName WScript.echo " MailboxGUID WScript.echo " ServerName WScript.echo " Size WScript.echo " StorageGroupName WScript.echo " StorageLimitInfo WScript.echo " StoreName WScript.echo " TotalItems Next = + objExchange_Mailbox. MailboxGUID = + objExchange_Mailbox. ServerName = + objExchange_Mailbox. Size = + objExchange_Mailbox. StorageGroupName = + objExchange_Mailbox. StorageLimitInfo = + objExchange_Mailbox. StoreName = + objExchange_Mailbox. TotalItems

PowerShell
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get-mailboxstatistics server $servername

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Windows PowerShell

Next generation of interactive shell and scripting environment Foundation to build GUI management console

Equality between command-line tasks and GUI tasks

Extensible

PowerShell in Windows Server 2008 R2 components: Cluster- Server Manager PowerShell in Exchange 2007 SQL 2008 SCOM 2008 SCVMM 2008

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Duality in PowerShell
For Administrators For Developers

Object-based Shell

.NET Framework

Interactive Shell
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Scripting Language

PowerShell V1
Released to the Web

Over 3.5 million downloads in less than 30 months

Windows XP Windows Vista Windows Server 2003 Features in Windows Server 2008

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PowerShell V2
Shipped in all Windows Server 2008 R2 Editions

Shipped in all Windows 7 Editions

Installed by default

Included in the Windows Management Framework

Released For

to the WEB ( RTW) http://support.microsoft.com/kb/968929 Windows XP / Windows Server 2003 and above

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PowerShell V1 and V2
V1
129 PowerrShell cmdlets COM WMI ADSI ADO XML .NET Native commands and text processing
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V2
244 PowerShell cmdlets Improved ADSI, WMI, COM, XML, ADO, text processing Native .Net Languages
C#,

VB.NET, F# Pinvoke to Win32

WS-MGMT Web Services Cmdlets for Windows components

New Cmdlets in V2
Remoting:
Invoke-Command Enter-PSSession Exit-PSSession Export-PSSession Get-PSSession Import-PSSession New-PSSession Remove-PSSession

Transactions:
Complete-Transaction Get-Transaction Start-Transaction Undo-Transaction Use-Transaction

WMI:
Invoke-WMIMethod Register-WMIEvent Remove-WMIObject Set-WMIInstance

Debugging:
Disable-PSBreakpoint Enable-PSBreakpoint Get-PSBreakpoint Get-PSCallStack Remove-PSBreakpoint Set-PSBreakpoint

More Cmdlets:
Clear-History Get-Random Out-GridView Set-StrictMode Update-List Debug-Process Start-Process Wait-Process

Converting Types:
Add-Type ConvertFrom-Csv

ConvertTo-Csv
ConvertFrom-StringData ConvertTo-Xml

Eventing:
Get-EventSubscriber Get-Event New-Event Register-EngineEvent Register-ObjectEvent Remove-Event Unregister-Event Wait-Event

Computer:

Event Viewer and ETW Logs:

Get-WinEvent

Script Internationalization:
Import-LocalizedData

Modules:
Get-Module Import-Module New-Module
11 2009 HP Confidential Remove-Module

Background Jobs:
Get-Job Receive-Job Remove-Job Start-Job Stop-Job Wait-Job

Add-Computer Checkpoint-Computer Remove-Computer Restart-Computer Restore-Computer Stop-Computer Disable-ComputerRestore Enable-ComputerRestore Get-ComputerRestorePoint Reset-ComputerMachinePassword Test-ComputerSecureChannel

Export-ModuleMember

Windows Components / Server Applications with PowerShell

Exchange Server Windows Diagnostics Server Manager SQL Server Active Directory Failover Clustering SC Operations Manager Windows Backup Server Migration SC Virtual Machine Manager Best Practices Analyzer AD Rights Management Services Essential Business Server Internet Information Services Background Intelligent Transfer Service SC Data Protection Manager Network Load Balancing Remote Desktop Services SharePoint 2010 Group Policy AppLocker High Performance Computing WS-Management WMI Message Queuing
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Books on PowerShell
Now available in
Japanese German French More

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2007

2008

Books on PowerShell
Recommended books for beginners

Authorative book for advanced users

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Resources to Learn PowerShell

Windows PowerShell is Powerful Automation!

Powershell V2 for Developers Windows PowerShell is Powerful Automation! Variables, Types, and Operators Arrays Conditionals, Collections, and Loops Create Object Cmdlets Remote Sessions Advanced Remote Sessions

HP Knowledge Briefs ~91 articles!

Code and Script repository

List of PowerShell resources
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Learning the Basics

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PowerShell Fundamentals
Use <TAB> for expansion Pipelining Alias Four (4) commands to learn PowerShell!
Help
Get-Command Get-Member Get-PSDrive

Demo

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PowerShell Cmdlets Syntax

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Outputting - Formatting
Writing to
Write-host Write-file Write-output
Dont know the differences?
1. Try it! 2. Use Help!

Sending to..
Out-NULL Out-File Out-Printer

3. Look at examples in the help command!

Formatting with
Format-table Format-list

Demo

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Help write-* , out-*, format-*

Variables
Name
$ + <Name of the variable> $a , $1_Password_for_you

Scope
$local:Myresult $script:ListofElements $global:username

Type
All

variables are objects: .NET objects Best match of the type based on what you have
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Help about_Variables

PowerShell $ Variables
Variable Name $_ $^ $$ $? $Args $Error $foreach $HOME $Input $Match $MyInvocation $Host $LastExitCode $true $false $null $OFS $ShellID
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Description The current pipeline object; used in script blocks, filters, the process clause of functions, where-object, foreach-object and switch contains the first token of the last line input into the shell contains the last token of last line input into the shell Contains the success/fail status of the last statement Used in creating functions that require parameters If an error occurred, the object is saved in the $error PowerShell variable Refers to the enumerator in a foreach loop. The user's home directory; set to %HOMEDRIVE%\%HOMEPATH% Input piped to a function or code block A hash table consisting of items found by the match operator. Information about the currently script or command-line Information about the currently executing host The exit code of the last native application to run Boolean TRUE Boolean FALSE A null object Output Field Separator, used when converting an array to a string. By default, this is set to the space character. The identifier for the shell. This value is used by the shell to determine the ExecutionPolicy and what profiles are run at startup. contains detailed stack trace information about the last error

$StackTrace

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Collections : Arrays Hash Tables

Arrays
$MyLuckyNumbers = 1,25,32,49 $MyRange= 1..100 + -100..-1 $List= @() $List += 2 ; $List +=5

Hash Tables
$Months = @ { Jan= 1; Feb=2 ; Mar=3}

$Months.Jan , $Months.Feb $aHash = @{} $aHash[Expert] = You! $aHash[13] = Prime $aHash[pi] = 3.1415
Help about_Arrays Help about_Hash_Tables

Demo

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Operators
Types Arithmetic Assignment Comparison +-*/% = += -= *= /= %= ++ --eq -ceq -ieq -ne -cne -ine -gt -cgt -igt -ge -cge -ige -lt -clt -ilt -le -cle -ile -contains -nocontains -match -nomatch -like -notlike -and -or -xor -not -band -bor -bxor -bnot & = call operator . = Property deference operator . = Dot sourcing operator :: = Static member operator .. = Range operator -f = format operator -split , -match , replace = string operator $( ) = Subexpression operator @( ) = Array subexpression operator

Special operators

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Help about_Operators

Flow control
If / Else

While loop
Do / while loop For loop Foreach loop Switch

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Help about_if, about_for, about_foreach, about_switch

Filtering
Where-object

Select-Object

Demo

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Help where, help Select

Alias
Name Dir , ls Cd , md , rd Cmdlet Get-childitem Set-Location, New-Item, Remove-Item

Ft fl
Where Foreach, % Gal .

Format-Table , Format-List
Where-object Foreach-object Get-alias

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Help about_alias

Functions & Scripts

Scripts
Text

file with extension .ps1

Script Block
{ get-process ; $i+=32} $Args variable
Built-in

variable Auto populate with objects containing values passed to the script/function

Param Statement
To

declare formal parameters

Param ([string]$server=localhost, [int]Max=10)

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Help about_functions, about_scripts

Advanced Techniques in PowerShell

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Get-Member Your Best Friend!

PowerShell emits objects Get-Member lists Properties and Methods of objects Useful for exploring other properties of objects

Get-Member .vs. Format-Table

Demo

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Help Get-Member

PSDrive
Exposes system data as file system drive Administrator navigates through system data using standard file system commands : cd ls dirmkdir.
PSDrive Alias: Function: Cert: Env: Usage List of PowerShell aliases All available functions for the current session Access to the certificates store List of system/user environment variables

Variable:
HKCU: HKLM:

List of declared variables

Access to registry

Demo

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Help *PSDRIVE*

Working with Strings

String Properties / Methods Import-CSV ConvertTo-CSV Select-String Here-String or @

String expansion
Numeric format strings {0:D3} f 2

Demo

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Help *String* - help * csv*

Working with Files

Listing Files Reading from / Writing to files Search text in files select-string

Demo

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Help *content*

Working with Date/Time

DateTime object Fomatting {0:F}-f [DateTime]01/12/1975 Measure time TimeSpan object

Demo

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Working with Events - ACL

Get-WinEvent Get-EventLog Get-ACL / Set-ACL

Demo

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Summary
Windows PowerShell is both an interactive shell and a scripting language Most Windows components and server applications ship with their own PowerShell Converged Infrastructure cmdlets Windows PowerShell enables automation of admin processes and reduces human error in Virtualized operations Resilient Orchestrated Optimized Modular

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More Resources.
TechNet Script Center PowerShell Code Repository

MS Instructor-Led PowerShell training

HP Forums: PowerShell MS Professions Webinars!
36 2009 HP Confidential

Next PowerShell Webinars

Tuesday, February 02, 2010 PowerShell Fundamentals Part I Dung K Hoang Thursday, February 04, 2010 PowerShell Fundamentals Part II Dung K Hoang

Tuesday, February 09, 2010 PowerShell - Active Directory Guido Grillenmeier

Thursday, February 11, 2010 PowerShell - SCVMM - Guido Grillenmeier

Tuesday, February 16, 2010

PowerShell Clustering Aric Bernard

Thursday, February 18, 2010

PowerShell - Exchange David Standish/Joel Ricketts/ Pete Petree

Tuesday, February 23, 2010

Thursday, February 25, 2010

PowerShell - Exchange Web Service Kevin Laahs

PowerShell - SCOM - Tommy Carron

Tuesday, March 02, 2010 PowerShell - MOSS 2007/2010 - Veli-Matti Vanamo /Brian Carter

Thursday, March 04, 2010 PowerShell - VMware/Hyper-V Steve Fortuna/Ken J Bell

Tuesday, March 09, 2010 POwerShell - Citrix Workflow Albert Hols

Thursday, March 11, 2010 Advanced PowerShell Dung K Hoang

Tuesday, March 16, 2010

37 2009 HP Confidential

Thursday, March 18, 2010 PowerShell and Office apps David Lee

PowerShell - WMI SCCM David Lee