Mid Term
Mid Term
Mid Term
Under the guidance of Dr.Sulagna Basu Scientist C Dept. of Bacteriology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases,Kolkata
Neonatal Sepsis
Blood infection by bacteria or any other virulent pathogen is referred to as septicemia. Sepsis that develops within 28 days of life is known as
neonatal sepsis or sepsis neonatorum.
Clinical features
Hypothermia or fever Lethergy,poor cry,refusal to suck
Each year, globally around 3.6 million babies die within the first 28 days of life (the neonatal period) among which 98% deaths occur from developing countries (Zupan, 2005).
In India there is an estimated 1.84 million under five children death and of these approximately 41% happen in the neonatal period (Lahariya et al., 2010).
In India the major causes of neonatal deaths are sepsis and pneumonia 30.4%, birth asphyxia 19.5% and pre-maturity 16.8
Zupan J. 2005. Perinatal mortality in developing countries. N Engl Med. 352:20472048 Baqui AH, Darmstadt GL, Williams EK, Kumar V, Kiran TU, Panwar D.et al. 2006. Rates, timing and causes of neonatal deaths in rural India: implications for neonatal health programs. Bull World Health Organ.84:706713.
Ampicillin
Cephalosporin
Carbapenem
Aminoglycoside
OBJECTIVE
Work Plan & Methods used Detection of the gram negative micro-organism using a few
biochemical assays
Phenotypic analysis 1.Antibiotic susceptibility patterns Disc diffusion test MIC determination 2.Detection of ESBLs and MBLs Combination disk test 3. Detection of the Carbapenemase Modified Hodge test
Genotypic analysis
1.PCR followed by agarose gel electrophoresis 2 Conjugation experiments to detect the transmissibility of carbapenem and cephalosporin resistance determinants
Zone of clearance
Fig: Kirby -Bauer disc diffusion method of determining antibiotic susceptibility pattern of some representative test isolates (E.coli)
Zone of clearance
Fig:Combination disk method of determining antibiotic susceptibility pattern of some of the representative test isolates (E.coli)
ESBL+ve
(CTX+C/CTXCC ) - CTX 5 (CTX+C/CTXCC) CTXCX 5
AmpC +ve
(CTXCX/CTXCC)- CTX 5 (CTXCX/CTXCC)- CTX+C 5 (MRP+BO/MRP+CL)- MRP5 (MRP+DP)-MRP 3
KPC+ve
(MRP+DP/MRP+CL) MRP 3 (MRP+BO) MRP 5
MBL+ve
(MRP +DP)-MRP 5
PCR results
Work in progress
Further tests will be carried out to confirm the presence of the resistant determinants. Phenotypic tests like MIC determination tests and Modified Hodge tests. Genotypic analysis-screening of other genes. Conjugation experiments.