INTEGRATED

INTEGRATED
MANAGEMENT
MANAGEMENT OFOF
CHILDHOOD
CHILDHOOD ILLNESSES
ILLNESSES
 INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF
CHILDHOOD ILLNESS
IMCI as a STRATEGY
• Management of common childhood illness is done in an
integrated manner
• Includes preventive interventions
• Adjusts curative interventions to the capacity and
functions of the health system (evidence based –
syndromic approach)
• Involves the family members and the community in
the health care process
• The Integrated Management of
Childhood Illness (IMCI) has been
established as an approach to
strengthen the provision of
comprehensive and essential health
package to the children. Methods in
Managing Childhood Illnesses
Objectives of IMCI

• Reduce deaths and the frequency and severity

of illness and disability
• Contribute to improved growth and development
 WHY IMCI?

• Overlap of conditions
• Diagnostic tools are minimal or non – existent
• Drugs and equipment are scarce
• Health workers have few opportunities to
practice complicated clinical procedures
• Relies on history and signs and symptoms
 Components of IMCI

• Improving case management skills of health

workers
• Improving the health system to deliver IMCI
• Improving family and community health
practices
Target age for IMCI
strategy

• Young infants –1 week up to 2

months
• Older children2 months up to five
years
ASSESS
ASSESS AND
AND CLASIFY
CLASIFY
THE
THE SICK
SICK CHILD
CHILD
AGE
AGE 22 MONTHS
MONTHS
UP
UP TO
TO 55 YEARS
YEARS
 ASK THE MOTHER WHAT
THE CHILD’S PROBLEMS ARE
• Determine if this is an initial or follow-up visit
for this problem

– If follow-up visit, use the follow-up

instructions on the TREAT THE CHILD chart
– If initial visit, assess the child as
follows:
 Ask:
• Is the child able to drink or
breastfeed?
• Does the child vomit everything?
• Has the child had convulsions?
 Look:
• See if the child is abnormally sleepy or difficult to
awaken
• If yes:
– Make sure child with any danger sign is
referred after first dose of an appropriate
antibiotic and other urgent treatments
• Exception: Rehydration of the child according to
plan C may resolve danger signs so that referral is
no longer needed.
 COUGH
COUGH OR
OR
DIFFICULTY
DIFFICULTY OF
OF
BREATHING
BREATHING
Assesment: (Look, Listen)
• Count the breaths in one minute
• Look for chest indrawing
• Look and listen for stridor
• (child must be calm)

Fast breathing:
• 2 months up to 12 months
- 50 breaths per minute or more
• 12 months up
- 40 breaths per minute or more
 SIGNS CLASSIFY AS TREATMENT
•Any general danger sign SEVERE PNEUMONIA •Give first dose of an appropriate
antibiotic
or OR VERY SEVERE •Give vitamin A if not given for the
•Chest indrawing or DISEASE past 30 days- treat the child to
prevent low blood sugar
•Stridor in calm child •Refer urgently to a hospital
•Give 1 dose of paracetamol for
38.5º C and above

•Fast breathing PNEUMONIA •Give an appropriate antibiotic for

five days
•Soothe the throat and relieve the
cough with a safe remedy
•Advise mother when to return
immediately
•Follow up in 2 days

•No signs of pneumonia NO PNEUMONIA: • If coughing more than 30 days,

refer for assessment
or very severe disease COUGH OR COLD •Soothe the throat and relieve the
cough with a safe remedy
•Advise mother when to return
immediately
•Follow up in 5 days if not improving
DIARRHEA
DIARRHEA
Assessment
ASK
• Does the child have diarrhea? For how long?
• Is there blood in the stool?

LOOK & FEEL

• Look at the child’s general condition
– Is the child abnormally sleepy or difficult to awaken?
– Restless or irritable?
• Look for sunken eyeballs
• Offer the child fluid. Is the child:
– Not able to drink or drinking poorly?
– Drinking eagerly, thirsty?
• Pinch the skin of the abdomen. Does it go back:
– Very slowly (longer than 2 seconds)?
– Slowly?
For DEHYDRATION
 SIGNS CLASSIFY AS TREATMENT
Two of the following signs:
SEVERE DEHYDRATION •classification:
If the child has no other severe
give fluid for severe
•abnormally sleepy or difficult to awaken
•sunken eyes dehydration (OR)
• If child also has other severe
•not able to drink or drinking poorly
classification, refer urgently to hospital
•skin pinch goes back very slowly
with mother giving frequent sips of ORS
on the way. Advise mother to continue
breastfeeding- If child is 2 years old and
older and there is cholera in your area,
give antibiotic for cholera

Two of the following signs: • give fluid and food for some
SOME DEHYDRATION dehydration
•restless, irritable
•sunken eyes • if child has also severe classification,
•drinks eagerly, thirsty refer urgently to hospital with mother
giving frequent sips of ORS on the way.
•skin pinch goes back slowly
Advise mother to continue breastfeeding
• advise mother when to return
immediately
• follow up in 5 days if not improving

•not enough signs to classify as some or •give fluid and food to treat diarrhea at
severe dehydration
NO DEHYDRATION home
• advise mother when to return
immediately
• follow up in 5 days if not improving
If DIARRHEA for
14 days or more
 SIGNS CLASSIFY AS TREATMENT
•Dehydration present • Treat dehydration before referral unless the child has
SEVERE, another severe classification
• Give vitamin A if not given for the past 30 days

PERSISTENT • refer to hospital

DIARRHEA
•No dehydration •Advise the mother on feeding the child
PERSISTENT who has persistent diarrhea
DIARRHEA •give vitamin A if not given for the past
30 days
•Follow up in 5 days
•Advise mother when to return
immediately

And if BLOOD in stool

•Blood in the stool •treat for 5 days with an oral antibiotic
DYSENTERY recommended for Shigella in your area
• follow up in 2 days
FEVER
Decide Malaria Risk
Ask:
• Does the child live in malaria area?
• Has the child visited a malaria area in the past 4 weeks?
If yes to either, obtain a blood smear
THEN ASK:
• For how long has the child had fever?
• If more than 7 days? Has fever been present everyday?
• Has the child had measles within the last 3 months?
LOOK AND FEEL:
• Look or feel for stiff neck
• Look for runny nose
• Look for signs of measles:
–generalized rash
–one of these: cough, runny nose or red eyes
For MALARIA risk
 SIGNS CLASSIFY AS TREATMENT
•Any general danger sign • Give first dose of quinine (under medical
VERY SEVERE supervision or if a hospital is not
•Stiff neck
FEBRILE DISEASE/ accessible within four hours)
• Give first dose of an appropriate
MALARIA antibiotic
•Treat the child to prevent low blood
sugar
• give one dose of paracetamol in health
center for high fever (38.5 and above)
• send a blood smear with the patient
• Refer urgently to hospital
•(+) blood smear • treat the child with an oral antimalarial
MALARIA
•If blood smear not done: • give one dose of paracetamol in health
• no runny nose center for high fever (38.5 and above)
• no measles • advise mother when to return
• no other causes of fever immediately
• Follow up in 2 days if fever persist
• if fever is present everyday for more
than 7 days, refer for assessment

•(-) blood smear •give one dose of paracetamol in health

FEVER MALARIA center for high fever (38.5 and above)
•Runny nose
•Measles UNLIKELY •advise mother when to return
•Other causes of fever immediately
•Follow up in 2 days if fever persist
•if fever is present everyday for more
than 7 days, refer for assessment
no MALARIA risk
 SIGNS CLASSIFY AS TREATMENT
•Any general danger sign •Give first dose of an appropriate
VERY SEVERE antibiotic
•Stiff neck
FEBRILE DISEASE •Treat the child to prevent low blood
sugar
• give one dose of paracetamol in health
center for high fever (38.5 and above)
• send a blood smear with the patient
• Refer urgently to hospital

•No signs of a very severe febrile disease •give one dose of paracetamol in health
FEVER: NO MALARIA center for high fever (38.5 and above)
UNLIKELY •advise mother when to return
immediately
•Follow up in 2 days if fever persist
•if fever is present everyday for more
than 7 days, refer for assessment
•Treat other causes of fever
If the child has measles now or within the
last 3 months:
• Look for mouth ulcers. Are they deep and
extensive
• Look for pus draining from the eye
• Look for clouding of the cornea
 SIGNS CLASSIFY AS TREATMENT
•Clouding of cornea or •- Give vitamin A
SEVER COMPLICATED
•Deep or extensive mouth ulcers •- Give first dose of an appropriate
MEASLES antibiotic- if clouding of the cornea or pus
draining from the eye, apply tetracycline
eye ointment
•-refer urgently to hospital

•Pus draining from the eye or •- give vitamin A

MEASLES WITH EYE
•Mouth ulcers •- if clouding of the cornea or pus draining
OR MOUTH from the eye, apply tetracycline eye
ointment- if mouth ulcers, teach the
COMPLICATIONS mother to treat with gentian violet
•- follow-up in 2 days

•Measles now or within the last 3 months •Give vitamin A

MEASLES
- Advise when to return immediately
Decide Dengue risk: yes or no
If dengue risk,
• THEN ASK:
– Has the child had any bleeding from the nose or gums or in
the vomitus or stools?
– Has the child had black vomitus?
– Has the child had tarry black stools?
– Has the child had abdominal pain?
– Has the child been vomiting?
• LOOK AND FEEL:
– Look for bleeding from nose or gums
– Look for skin petechiae
– Feel for cold and clammy extremities
– Check for slow capillary refill
• If none of the above ASK or LOOK and FEEL signs are
present and the child is 6 months or older and fever
present for more than three days
• Perform the tourniquet test
 SIGNS CLASSIFY AS TREATMENT
•Bleeding from nose or gums or •if skin petechiae or abdominal pain or
SEVERE DENGUE vomiting or positive tourniquet tests are
•Bleeding in stools or vomitus or
•Black stools or vomitus or HEMORRHAGIC FEVER the only positive signs, give ORS.

•Skin petechiae or •- if any other signs of bleeding are

positive, give fluids rapidly - treat the
•Cold and clammy extremities or
child to prevent low blood sugar
•Capillary refill more than 3 seconds or
•Refer all children urgently to hospital
• Abdominal pain or
•- DO NOT GIVE ASPIRIN.
•Vomiting or
•Tourniquet test positive

•No signs of severe dengue hemorrhagic advise mother when to return immediately.
fever
FEVER :DENGUE
- follow-up in 2 days if ever persists or
HEMORRHAGIC FEVER child shows signs of bleeding.

UNLIKELY - DO NOT GIVE ASPIRIN

 EAR
PROBLEM
Does the child have an ear problem?
If yes:
• Is there ear pain?
• Is there ear discharge? If yes, for how
long?
LOOK AND FEEL
• Look for the pus draining from the ear
• Feel the tender swelling behind the ear.
 SIGNS CLASSIFY AS TREATMENT
•Tender swelling behind the ear •give first dose of an appropriate
MASTOIDITIS antibiotic
•give first dose of paracetamol for pain
•refer urgently to the hospital

•Ear pain •give an antibiotic for 5 days

ACUTE
•Pus is seen draining from the ear and •give Paracetamol for pain
discharge is reported for less than 14 EAR INFECTION • dry the ear by wicking
days •follow-up in 5 days

•Pus is seen draining from the ear and • dry the ear by wicking
discharge is reported for 14 days or more
CHRONIC
•follow-up in 5 days
EAR INFECTION •Advice mother when to return
immediately

•No ear pain, •-No additional treatment

NO EAR
•No pus is seen draining from the ear •Advice mother when to return
INFECTION immediately
MALNUTRITION
MALNUTRITION
AND
AND
ANEMIA
ANEMIA
LOOK AND FEEL:
• Look for visible severe wasting
• Look for edema of both feet
• Look for palmar pallor. Is it:
– severe palmar pallor
– some palmar pallor
• Determine weight for age
 SIGNS CLASSIFY AS TREATMENT
•visible severe wasting or •Give Vitamin A
SEVERE
•edema of both feet or •Refer URGENTLY to hospital
•severe palmar pallor MALNUTRITION OR
SEVERE ANEMIA
•Some palmar pallor
ANEMIA OR VERY LOW •assess the child’s feeding and counsel the
mother on feeding to the FOOD box on
•Very low weight for age
WEIGHT the COUNSEL THE MOTHER chart
•-if feeding problem, follow-up in 5 days
•- if some pallor:
•-give iron
•-give mebendazole if child is 2 years or
older and has not had a dose in the
previous 6 months
•- follow-up in 14 days
•- if very low weight for age,
•-give vitamin A
•- advise mother when to return
immediately

•Not very low weight for age and no other •- if the child is less than 2 years old,
signs of malnutrition
NO ANEMIA AND NOT asses the child’s feeding and counsel the
VERY LOW WEIGHT mother on feeding according to the food
box on the counsel on the mother chart.
•- if feeding, follow-up in 5 days
•- advise mother when to return
immediately
 CHECK THE CHILD’S
IMMUNIZATION STATUS
IMMUNIZATION SCHEDULE

AGE VACCINE
• Birth BCG
• 6 weeks DPT-1 OPV-1 Hep B-1
• 10 weeksDPT-2 OPV-2 Hep B-2
• 14 weeksDPT-3 OPV-3 Hep B-3
• 9 months measles
CHECK THE VITAMIN A STATUS

Vitamin A supplementation schedule:

• The first dose at 6 months or above.
• Subsequent doses every 6 months
Teach the mother to give
oral drug at home
• Determine the appropriate drugs and dosage for the child’s age
and weight
• Tell the mother the reason for giving the drug to the child.
• Demonstrate how to measure a dose.
• Watch the mother practice measuring a dose by herself.
• Ask the mother to give the first dose to her child
• Explain carefully how to give the drug, then label and package the
drug
• If more than one drug will be given, collect, count and package
each drug separately.
• Explain that all the oral drug tablets or syrup must be used to
finish the course of treatment, even if the child gets better.
• Check the mother’s understanding before she leaves the health
center.
Give an Appropriate Oral Antibiotics

For PNEUMONIA, ACUTE EAR INFECTION, VERY SEVERE DISEASE,

MASTOIDITIS
• First line: Cotrimoxazole
• Second line: Amoxycillin

For DYSENTERY
• First line for Shigella: Cotrimoxazole
• Second line for Shigella: Nalidixic acid

For CHOLERA
• First line: Tetracycline
• Second line: Cotrimoxazole
For MALARIA
• First line Antimalarial: Chloroquine, Primaquine, Sulfadoxine and Pyrimethamine
• Second line Antimalarial: Artemeter-Lumefrantine

if chloroquine:
• explain to the mother that she should watch her child carefully for 30 mins. After giving
a dose of chloroquine. If the child vomits within 30 mins., she should repeat the dose
and return to the health center for additional tablets.
• -explain that itching is a possible side effect of the drug but it is not dangerous.
 GIVE MEBENDAZOLE/
ALBENDAZOLE

• Give 500mg mebendazole/400mg albendazole as a

single dose in health center if:
– hookworm/whipworm are a problem in children in your
area, and
– the child is 2 years of age or older, and
– the child has not had a dose in the previous 6 months
TEACH THE MOTHER TO TREAT
LOCAL INFECTIONS AT HOME
• Explain to the mother what the treatment is and why it
should be given
• Describe the treatment steps listed in the appropriate
box.
• Watch the mother as she does the first treatment in
the health center (except remedy of cough or soar
throat)
• Tell her how often to do the treatment at home
• If needed for treatment at home, give the mother a
tube of tetracycline ointment or a small bottle of
gentian violet.
• Check the mother’s understanding before she leaves the
health center.
 TREAT EYE INFECTION WITH
TETRACYCLINE EYE OINTMENT

• Clean both eyes 3 times daily

– wash hands
– ask child to close the eye
– use clean cloth and water to gently wipe away pus
• Then apply tetracycline eye ointment in both eyes 3 times
daily
– ask the child to look up
– squirt a small amount of ointment on the inside of the lower lid
– wash hands again
• Treat until redness is gone
• Do not use other eye ointment or drops, or put anything else
in the eye.
 DRY THE EAR BY WICKING

• Dry the ears at least 3 times daily

– roll clean absorbent cloth or soft, strong tissue paper
into a wick
– place the wick in the child’s ear
– remove the wick when wet
– replace the wick with a clean one and repeat these steps
until the ear is dry
 TREAT MOUTH ULCERS WITH
GENTIAN VIOLET

• Treat the mouth ulcers twice daily

– wash hands
– wash child’s mouth with clean soft cloth wrapped
around the finger and wet with salt water
– paint the mouth with half strength gentian violet
– wash hands again
GIVE THESE TREATMENTS IN
HEALTH CENTER ONLY
Explain to the mother why the drug is given
•
Determine the dose appropriate for the child’s weight
•
Use a sterile needle and sterile syringe. Measure the dose accurately
•
Give the drug as an intramascular injection
•
If children cannot be referred, follow the instructions provided.
•
GIVE AN INTRAMASCULAR ANTIBIOTIC
For children being referred who cannot take an oral antibiotic:
•
give the first dose of intramascular chlorophenicol and refer child urgently to hospital
–
if referral is not possible:
•
repeat the chloraphenicol injection every 12 hours for 5 days
–
then change to an appropriate oral anti biotic to complete 10 days of treatment
–
GIVE QUININE FOR SEVERE MALARIA
For children being referred with very severe febrile disease/malaria
•
give first dose of intramascular quinine and refer child urgently to hospital
–
if referral is not possible:
–
give first dose of intramascular quinine
–
the child should remain lying down for 1 hour
–
repeat the quinine injection at 4 and 8 hours later, and then every 12 hours until the child is able to take an oral antimalarial. Do not continue quinine
– injections for more than one week
do not give quinine to a child less than 4 months of age
–
 TREAT THE CHILD TO PREVENT
LOW BLOOD SUGAR

• if the child is able to breastfeed:

• ask the mother to breastfeed the child
• if the child is not able to breastfeed but is able to swallow:
– give expressed breastmilk or a breastmilk substitute.
• If neither of these is available, give sugar water.
– Give 30-50ml of milk or sugar water before departure.
– To make sugar water: dissolve 4 level teaspoons of sugar (20g) in a
200ml cup of clean water.
• If the child is not able to swallow:
– Give 50ml of milk or sugar water by nasogastric tube.
GIVE
GIVE FOLLOW-UP
FOLLOW-UP
CARE
CARE
 PNEUMONIA
After 2 days:
• Check the child for general danger signs.
• Assess the child for cough or difficult breathing

• Ask:
– is the child breathing slower?
– is there less fever?
– is the child eating better?

Treatment:
• If chest indrawing or a danger sign, give a dose of second line antibiotic or
intramascular chloramphenicol. Then refer urgently to hospital.
• If breathing rate, fever and eating are the same, change to the second line antibiotic
and advise the mother to return in 2 days or refer.( if this child had measles within
the last three months)
• If breathing slower, less fever, or eating better, complete the 5 days of antibiotic
 PERSISTENT DIARRHEA
After 5 days:
• Ask:
– has the diarrhea stopped?
– How many loose stools is the child having per day?
Treatment:
• If the diarrhea has not stopped (child is still having 3 or more
less stool per day), do a full reassessment of the child, give any
treatment needed. Then refer to hospital.
• If the diarrhea has stopped (child having less than 3 loose
stools per day), tell the mother to follow the usual
recommendations for the child’s age.
 DYSENTERY
After 2 days:
• Assess the child for diarrhea. > see assess and classify chart.
• Ask:
– are there fewer stools?
– Is there less blood in a stool?
– Is there less fever?
– Is there less abdominal pain?
– Is the child eating better?
Treatment:
• If the child is dehydrated, treat dehydration.
• If number of stools, amount of blood in stools, fever, abdominal pain, or eating is the same or worse:
• Change to second-line oral antibiotic recommended for shigella in your area.
• Give it for 5 days. Advise the mother to return in 2 days
• Exceptions if the child:
– is less than 12 months old, or
– was dehydrated on the first visit, or
– had measles within the last three months
REFER TO THE HOSPITAL
• If fewer stools, less blood in the stools, less fever, less abdominal pain, and eating better, continue giving the same
antibiotic until finished.
FOLLOW-UP CARE
• Care for the child who returns for follow-up using all the boxes that match the child’s previous classification.
• If the child has any new problem, assess, classify and treat the new problem as on the assess and classify chart.
 MALARIA
If fever persists after 2 days, or returns within 4 days:
• Do a full assessment of the child. >see assess and classify chart.

Treatment:
• If the child has any general danger sign or stiff neck, treat as very severe
febrile disease/ malaria.
• If the child has any cause of fever other than malaria, provide treatment.
• If the malaria is the only apparent cause of fever.
– take a blood smear
– give second-line oral antimalarial without waiting for the result of blood smear.
– Advice the mother to return in 2 days if fever persists
– If fever persists after 2 days treatment with second-line antimalarial, refer with
blood smear to reassessment.
– If fever has been present for 7 days, refer for assessment.
 FEVER-MALARIA UNLIKELY

If fever persists after 2 days:

• Do a full re-assessment of the child.
• Assess for other causes of fever

Treatment:
• If the child has any general danger sign or stiff neck, treat as very
severe febrile disease/ malaria.
• If malaria is the only apparent cause of fever
– take a blood smear
– treat the first line or antimalarial. Advise the mother to return again in 2 days
if the fever persists
– if fever has been present for 7 days, refer for assessment.
FEVER (NO MALARIA)
If fever persists after 2 days:
• Do a full assessment of the child
• Make sure that there has been no travel to malarious area.
• If there has been travel, take blood smear, if possible.
• Treatment:
• If there has been travel to malarious area and the blood smear is positive or there is no
blood smear classify according to fever with malaria risk and treat accordingly.
• If there has been no travel to malarious area or blood smear is negative:
– if the child has any general danger signs or stiff neck, treat as very severe febrile diseases
– if the child has any apparent cause of fever, provide treatment
– if no apparent cause of fever, advise the mother to return again in 2 days if fever persists
– if fever has been present for 7 days, refer for assessment
MEASLES WITH EYE OR
MOUTH COMPLICATIONS
• Look for red eyes and pus draining from the eyes
• Look at mouth ulcers
• Smell the mouth

Treatment for eye infection:

• If pus is draining from the eye, ask the mother to describe how she has treated the eye
infection. If treatment has been correct, refer to hospital. If treatment has not been
correct, teach mother correct treatment
• If the pus is gone but the redness remains, continue the treatment
• If no pus or redness, stop the treatment
Treatment for mouth ulcers
• If mouth ulcers are worse, or there is a very foul smell from the mouth, refer to hospital
• If mouth ulcers has the same or better, continue using half strength gentian violet for a
total of 5 days.
 FEVER-HEMORRHAGIC
FEVER UNLIKELY
If fever persists after 2 days:
• Do a full reassessment of the child
• Do a tourniquet test
• Assess for the causes of fever
Treatment:
• If the child has any signs of bleeding, including skin petechiae or a positive
tourniquet test, or signs of shock, or abdominal pain or vomiting, treat as severe
dengue hemorrhagic fever
• If the child has any apparent cause of fever, provide treatment
• If fever has been present for 7 days, refer for assessment.
• If no apparent cause of fever, advice the mother to return daily until the child
has had n fever for at least 48 hours
• advise the mother to make sure that the child is given more fluids and is eating
 EAR INFECTION
After 5 days:
• Reassess for ear problem
• Measure the child’s temperature.

Treatment:
• if there is tender swelling behind the ear or high fever(38.5*C or above),
treat as mastoiditis.
• Acute ear infection: if ear pain or discharge persists, treat with 5 more
days of the same antibiotic. Continue wicking to dry the ear. Follow-up in 5
days.
• Chronic ear infection: check that the mother is wicking the ear correctly.
Encourage her to continue.
• If no ear pain or discharge, praise the mother for her careful treatment.
If she has not yet finished the 5 days of antibiotic, tell her to use all of it
before stopping.
 FEEDING PROBLEM
After 5 days:
• Ask about any feeding problems found on the initial visit.
• Counsel the mother about any new or continuing feeding
problems. If you counsel the mother to make significant
changes in feeding, ask her to bring the child back again
• If the child is very low weight for age, ask the mother to
return 30 days after the initial visit to measure the child’s
weight again.
 ANEMIA
After 5 days:
• Give iron. Advise mother to return in 14 days for
more iron
• Continue giving iron everyday for 2 months with
follow-up every 14 days
• If the child has any palmar pallor after 2 months,
refer for assessment.
 VERY LOW WEIGHT

AFTER 30 DAYS:
• Weigh the child and determine if the child is still very low weight for age.

Treatment:
• If the child is no longer very low weight for age, praise the mother and
encourage her to continue.
• If the child is still very low weight for age, counsel the mother about any
feeding problem found. Continue to see the child monthly until the child is
feeding well and gaining weight regularly or is no longer very low in
weight for age.
• Exception: if you do not think that feeding will improve, or if the child
has lost weight, refer the child.
• IF ANY MORE FOLLOW-UP VISITS
ARE NEEDED BASED ON THE
INITIAL VISIT OR THIS VISIT,
ADVISE THE MOTHER OF THE NEXT
FOLLOW-UP VISIT
• ALSO, ADVISE THE MOTHER WHEN
TO RETURN IMMEDIATELY.
 FOLLOW UP VISIT
If the child has: Return for Follow-up in:

2 days
Pneumonia
Dysentery
Malaria, if fever persists
Fever-malaria unlikely, if fever persists
Fever (no malaria), if fever persists
Measles with eye or mouth complications
Dengue hemorrhagic fever unlikely, if ever persists

5 days
Persistent diarrhea
Acute ear infection
Chronic ear infection
Feeding problem
Any other illness, if not improving
Anemia
14 days
30 days
Very Low Weight for Age
 WHEN TO RETURN
IMMEDIATELY
Advise mother to return immediately if the child has any of these signs:
Any sick child •Not able to drink or breastfeed
•Becomes sicker
•develops a fever

If the child has NO PNEUMONIA, COUGH •Fast breathing

OR COLD, also return if: •Difficult breathing

If the child has DIARRHEA, also return if: •Blood in stool

•Drinking poorly

If the child has FEVER: DENGUE •Any sign of bleeding

HEMORRHAGIC FEVER UNLIKELY, also •Abdominal pain
return if: •Vomiting
 COUNSEL THE MOTHER
ABOUT HER OWN HEALTH
• If the mother is sick, provide care for her, or refer for
help if she has a breast problem( such as engorgement,
sore nipples, breast infection), provide care for her or
refer her for help.
• Advise her to eat well to keep up her own strength and
health
• Check the mother’s immunization status and give her
tetanus toxoid if needed.
• Make sure she has to:
– family planning
– counseling on STD and AIDS prevention.