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    Active Filter Design Techniques

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    AuroraPrincessDacanay
    This document discusses various types of active filter design techniques. It covers the fundamentals of low-pass filters and then describes the design of low-pass, high-pass, band-pass, band-rejection, and all-pass filters. It also discusses optimization of filter design response types, implementations of first and second order filters, and practical design hints. The goal is to provide an overview of the key aspects of active filter design.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Active Filter Design Techniques

    Uploaded by

    AuroraPrincessDacanay
    236 views73 pages
    This document discusses various types of active filter design techniques. It covers the fundamentals of low-pass filters and then describes the design of low-pass, high-pass, band-pass, band-rejection, and all-pass filters. It also discusses optimization of filter design response types, implementations of first and second order filters, and practical design hints. The goal is to provide an overview of the key aspects of active filter design.

    Original Description:

    Electronics Engineering Active Filter Design

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    This document discusses various types of active filter design techniques. It covers the fundamentals of low-pass filters and then describes the design of low-pass, high-pass, band-pass, band-rejection, and all-pass filters. It also discusses optimization of filter design response types, implementations of first and second order filters, and practical design hints. The goal is to provide an overview of the key aspects of active filter design.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    236 views73 pages

    Active Filter Design Techniques

    Uploaded by

    AuroraPrincessDacanay
    This document discusses various types of active filter design techniques. It covers the fundamentals of low-pass filters and then describes the design of low-pass, high-pass, band-pass, band-rejection, and all-pass filters. It also discusses optimization of filter design response types, implementations of first and second order filters, and practical design hints. The goal is to provide an overview of the key aspects of active filter design.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 73

    Active Filter Design Techniques - 2

    Fundamentals of Low-Pass Filters


    Low-Pass Filter Design
    High-Pass Filter Design
    Band-Pass Filter Design
    Band-Rejection Filter Design
    All-Pass Filter Design
    Practical Design Hints
    Design Tools

    Fundamentals of Low-Pass Filters
    A filter is a device that passes electric signals at certain frequencies or
    frequency ranges while preventing the passage of others. Webster.
    Passive Filter Active Filter
    Passive Filter Active Filter
    Equivalent Filters
    Typical for filters > 1MHz.
    For freq < 1MHz, L is
    physically large.
    Gyrator Positive Impedance Inverter
    Low-Pass Filter Design
    Normalized Frequency:
    Transfer Function:
    Cascading of Passive Low-pass Filter Stages
    Cascading of Passive Low-pass Filter Stages
    Passive RC Low-Pass Filter
    Responses
    Gain Phase
    Roll-off Slope for 1
    st
    Order:
    20dB/decade <= > 6dB/octave
    Phase Shift for 1
    st
    Order:
    0 @ low freq -90 @ high freq
    Non Ideal Filter Response
    Characteristics
    Gain Phase
    Passband Stopband
    1.5 Octaves
    Gradual transition from
    Passband to Stopband
    Uneven gain
    in the pass
    band
    Nonlinear
    phase slope
    leading to
    distortion
    Optimization of Filter Design
    Optimization of Filter Design
    Butterworth Filter Response
    Optimized for maximum flatness in the passband
    Tschebyscheff Filter
    Optimized to sharpen the transition from passband to stopband
    Passband Stopband
    Steep Transition
    Slopes
    Ripple in the
    Passband
    Filters Optimized to Sharpen the Transition from
    Passband to Stopband
    Ripple in
    Passband
    Ripple in
    Stopband
    Elliptic (Cauer) Filter
    Optimized for steepest transition from passband to stopband for a
    given filter order.
    Has ripple in both passband and stopband, however.
    Ripple in
    Passband
    Ripple in
    Stopband
    Infinite Impulse Response (IIR)
    Filter Design Template Filter in Software
    Bessel Filter
    Optimized for linear phase response up to f
    c
    Group delay is a measure of the transit time of a
    signal versus frequency.

    Group delay is a useful measure of phase
    distortion, and is calculated by differentiating the
    phase response versus frequency.
    Group Delay
    Gain and
    Group Delay
    of a Bessel
    Filter
    Constant Group
    Delay and Linear
    Phase in Transition
    Region
    Another way to say this is that group delay is a
    measure of the slope of the transmission phase
    response.
    The linear portion of the phase response is
    converted to a constant value (representing the
    average signal-transit time) and deviations from
    linear phase are transformed into deviations from
    constant group delay.
    The variations in group delay cause signal
    distortion, just as deviations from linear phase cause
    distortion.
    Group Delay
    Gain, Phase and Group Delays across Filter Types
    Phase
    Response
    Group delay
    Gain
    Response
    Quality or Q Factor
    Filter Coefficient Design Tables
    Low-Pass Filter Design
    Cascading of Filter Stages to Achieve Higher Order Filters
    First Order Filter Implementation
    First Order Filter Implementation
    First Order Filter Implementation
    Second Order Filter Implementation
    Second Order Filter Implementation
    Sallen and Key Topology for 2
    nd
    Order Lowpass Filter
    Sallen and Key Topology for 2
    nd
    Order Lowpass Filter
    (Unity Gain)
    Second Order Filter Implementation
    Sallen and Key Topology for 2
    nd
    Order Lowpass Filter
    Unity Gain
    Sallen and Key Topology for 2
    nd
    Order Lowpass Filter
    Unity Gain
    Second Order Filter Implementation
    Multiple Feedback Topology for 2
    nd
    Order Lowpass Filter
    Second Order Filter Implementation
    Multiple Feedback Topology for 2
    nd
    Order Lowpass Filter
    Sallen and Key
    Second Order Filter Implementation
    Multiple Feedback Topology for 2
    nd
    Order Lowpass Filter
    Second Order Filter Implementation
    Multiple Feedback Topology for 2
    nd
    Order Lowpass Filter
    where
    Cascading of Filter Stages to Achieve Higher Order Filters
    High-Pass Filter Design
    High-pass Low-pass
    Non
    inverting
    Inverting
    First Order High- and Low-pass Filter Topologies
    High-pass Low-pass
    Non
    inverting
    First Order High- and Low-pass Filter Topologies
    Low-pass High-pass
    Exchange Rs with Cs
    1/
    S 1/S
    High-pass Low-pass
    Non
    inverting
    First Order High- and Low-pass Filter Topologies
    High-pass
    Non
    inverting
    First Order High- and Low-pass Filter Topologies
    High-pass Low-pass
    Second Order High- and Low-pass Filter Topologies
    Sallen and Key
    Multiple Feedback
    Low-pass to Band-pass Filter Design
    S
    Low-pass to Band-pass Filter Design
    S
    Low-pass to Band-pass Filter Design
    Low-pass to Band-pass Filter Design
    Low-pass to Band-pass Filter Design
    Wide-band Filters
    Narrow-band Filters
    High-pass Low-pass
    Sallen and Key Second Order Topologies
    Band-pass
    Sallen and Key Band-pass Filter
    High-pass Low-pass
    Multiple Feedback Second Order Topologies
    Band-pass
    Multiple Feedback Band-pass Filter
    Active Filter Design Techniques
    Fundamentals of Low-Pass Filters
    Low-Pass Filter Design
    High-Pass Filter Design
    Band-Pass Filter Design
    Band-Rejection Filter Design
    All-Pass Filter Design
    Practical Design Hints
    Design Tools

    Band-Pass Filter Design

    Band-Rejection Filter Design

    All-Pass Filter Design

    Practical Design Hints

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