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    Water Resources Planning and Management

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    muzafa12
    This document provides an overview of key concepts in water resources planning and management. It discusses several case studies of water conflicts around the world. Some of the typical problems with water resource systems include too little water, too much water, polluted water, and degradation of aquatic ecosystems. Proper planning and management is needed across different spatial and temporal scales. The key aspects of sustainability, integrated water resources management, and both top-down and bottom-up approaches are also summarized.

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    Water Resources Planning and Management

    Uploaded by

    muzafa12
    264 views93 pages
    This document provides an overview of key concepts in water resources planning and management. It discusses several case studies of water conflicts around the world. Some of the typical problems with water resource systems include too little water, too much water, polluted water, and degradation of aquatic ecosystems. Proper planning and management is needed across different spatial and temporal scales. The key aspects of sustainability, integrated water resources management, and both top-down and bottom-up approaches are also summarized.

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    This document provides an overview of key concepts in water resources planning and management. It discusses several case studies of water conflicts around the world. Some of the typical problems with water resource systems include too little water, too much water, polluted water, and degradation of aquatic ecosystems. Proper planning and management is needed across different spatial and temporal scales. The key aspects of sustainability, integrated water resources management, and both top-down and bottom-up approaches are also summarized.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    264 views93 pages

    Water Resources Planning and Management

    Uploaded by

    muzafa12
    This document provides an overview of key concepts in water resources planning and management. It discusses several case studies of water conflicts around the world. Some of the typical problems with water resource systems include too little water, too much water, polluted water, and degradation of aquatic ecosystems. Proper planning and management is needed across different spatial and temporal scales. The key aspects of sustainability, integrated water resources management, and both top-down and bottom-up approaches are also summarized.

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    WATER RESOURCES systems PLANNING

    AND MANAGEMENT
    (KKKA6953)
    Chapter 1
    Haspina Bt. Sulaiman (P46005)
    Fahrurrazi B. Hj Mahyun (P46041)
    Nazila Bt. Masdor (P46004)
    Shahirah Hayati Bt. Mohd Salleh
    ( P50914 )
    Nurul Aini Bt. Osman (P50959)
    WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND
    MANAGEMENT

    CHAPTER 1

    An overview
    Sub -topic
     introduction
    PROBLEM??
    WATER RESOURCES SYSTEMS
    :
    TYPICAL CAUSE OF FAILURES
    GOAL
     APPROACH
    WATER RESOURCES SYSTEMS :
    PLANNING , DEVELOPING AND
    MANAGING
    HUMANS ACTIVITIES
    Some Case Studies
    1. KURDS SEEK LAND , TURKS
    WANT WATER

    The Tigris and


    Euphrates
    Rivers in
    Turkey,
    northern Syria
    and Iraq
    CASE : THEIR WATERS ARE CRITICAL
    RESOURCES , POLITICALLY AS WELL AS
    GEOGRAPHICALLY

    Solution: Great Anatolla Project (GAP)


    2 . SHARING THE WATER OF THE JORDAN
    RIVER BASIN : IS THERE A WAY?

    The Jordan river


    between israel and
    Jordan
    3 . MENDING THE MIGHTY AND
    MUDDY MISSOURI

    Major
    rivers in
    the
    continent
    al United
    States
    4 . THE ENDANGERED SALMON
    The Snake and Columbia River reservoirs identified by the Columbia
    and Snake River Campaign for modification or dismantling to permit
    salmon passage.
    5. THE YELLOW RIVER : HOW TO
    KEEP THE WATER FLOWING
    Aid to Environment or Threat to Lake?

    LAKE SOURCE COOLING :


    FIGURE : THE COLD DEEP WATERS OF LAKE CAYUGA ARE BEING
    USED TO COOL THE BUILDINGS OF A LOCAL SCHOOL &
    UNIVERSITY ( ITHACA CITY ENVIRONMENTAL LABORATORY )
    MANAGING WATER IN
    THE FLORIDA
    EVERGLADES

    MANAGING WATER IN THE FLORIDA


    EVERGLADES Figure :
    Scenes of the
    Everglades in
    southern Florida
    MANAGING WATER IN THE FLORIDA
    EVERGLADES
    FIGURE : PUMP STATION ON A DRAINAGE CANAL IN
    SOUTHERN FLORIDA .
    the greater Everglades ecosystem relate to both water quality
    SOLUTION
    RESTORATION OF EUROPE ’ S
    RIVERS & SEAS
    THE RHINE
    RIVER

    Figure :
    The Rhine River
    basin of western
    Europe & its
    extent in the
    Netherlands .
    THE
    DANUBE
    RIVER

    Figure :
    The Danube
    River in
    central
    Europe
    THE NORTH
    & BALTIC
    SEAS

    Figure :
    Europe ’ s major
    river and seas
    EGYPT & THE
    NILE : LIMITS
    TO
    AGRICULTURAL
    GROWTH

    Figure :
    The Nile
    Basin
    DAMMING THE
    MEKONG

    Figure : Figure : The Mekong River


    The Lower is one of the few
    Mekong River rivers that is still
    Basin equilibrium with
    surrounding life .
    IMPORTANT OF PLANNING
    AND MANAGE WATER
    WHY PLAN , WHY MANAGE?

    GOALS
    WHY PLAN , WHY MANAGE?
    TOO LITTLE WATER
    ISSUES
    TOO LITTLE WATER
    ( CONT .)
    TOO MUCH WATER

    In many river basins of developed areas, the


    level of annual expected flood damage is
    increasing over time, in spite of increased
    expenditures on flood damage reduction
    measures

    This is mainly due to increased economic
    development on river floodplains, not to
    increased frequencies or magnitudes of floods
    TOO MUCH WATER ( CONT .)
    TOO MUCH WATER ( CONT .)
    vAPPROPRIATE LEVEL OF RISK
    –
    v
    v
    v
    v
    v
    v
    v
    v
    v
    v
    v
    v
    v
    v
    v
    v
    v
    TOO MUCH WATER ( CONT .)
    POLLUTED WATER
    POLLUTED WATER ( CONT .)
    POLLUTED WATER ( CONT .)
    DEGREDATION OF AQUATIC AND
    REPARIAN ECOSYSTEMS
    DEGREDATION OF AQUATIC AND
    REPARIAN ECOSYSTEMS ( CONT .)
    OTHER PLANNING AND
    MANAGEMENT ISSUES

    NAVIGATION
    §Industrial and related port development may
    result in the demand for deeper rivers to
    allow the operation of larger draught cargo
    vessels in the river
    §River channel improvement cannot be detached
    from functions such as water supply and flood
    control
    §Narrowing the river for shipping purposes may
    increase floodwater levels
    OTHER PLANNING AND
    MANAGEMENT ISSUES ( CONT .)
    RIVER BANK EROSION
    Bank erosion can be a serious problem where
    people are living close to morphologically
    active (eroding) rivers
    Predictions of changes in river courses due to
    bank erosion and bank accretion are important
    inputs to land use planning in river valleys
    and the choice of locations for bridges and
    hydraulic structures.
    OTHER PLANNING AND
    MANAGEMENT ISSUES ( CONT .)
    RESERVOIR RELATED ISSUES
    Degradation of the riverbed upstream of
    reservoirs may increase the risks of flooding
    in those areas

    Reservoir construction inevitably results in


    loss of land and forces the evacuation of
    residents due to impoundment

    The water and sediment quality in the


    reservoir may deteriorate and the in-flowing
    sediment may accumulate, reducing the active
    (useful) capacity of the reservoir
    SYSTEM COMPONENTS ,
    PLANNING SCALES AND
    SUSTAINABILITY
    SYSTEM COMPONENTS , PLANNING
    SCALES AND SUSTAINABILITY
    3 interdependent subsystems :
    the Natural River Subsystem ( NRS ) in
    which the physical, chemical and biological
    processes
    the Socio - Economic Subsystem ( SES ) , which
    includes the human activities related to the
    use of the natural river system
    the Administrative and Institutional
    Subsystem ( AIS ) of administration,
    legislation and regulation, where the decision
    and planning and management processes take
    place.
    SYSTEM COMPONENTS , PLANNING
    SCALES AND SUSTAINABILITY
     Inadequate attention to one can destroy the value of any
    work done to improve the performance of the others.










     Figure 1 . 19 . Interactions among subsystems and
    between them and their environment .


    SPATIAL SCALES FOR
    PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT
    Watersheds or river basins are usually
    considered logical regions for water resources
    planning and management

    If the impacts of decisions regarding water


    resources management are contained within the
    watershed or basin
    üHow land and water are managed in one part of a
    river basin can affect the land and water in other
    parts of the basin?
    SPATIAL SCALES FOR
    PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT
    ( CONT .)
    SOLUTIONS…BY:
    Maximize the economic and social
    benefits obtained from the entire basin
    Ensure that these benefits and
    accompanying costs are equitably
    distributed, planning and management is
    often undertaken on a basin scale
    TEMPORAL SCALES FOR
    PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT

    Decisions for the immediate


    future :
    long-term future impacts (depend
    on economic, demographic and
    physical conditions)
    based on updated forecasts, then-
    current information and planning
    and management objectives.
    TEMPORAL SCALES FOR PLANNING
    AND MANAGEMENT
    SUSTAINABILITY

    Designed and managed to best serve people


    living today and in the future

    Consideration of the long term impacts on


    future generations of actions taken now is the
    essence of sustainable development

    Water resource management problems at a river


    basin level are rarely purely technical and of
    interest only to those living within the
    individual river basins where those problems
    exist
    SUSTAINABILITY ( CONT .)

    The inclusion of sustainability criteria (economic,


    environmental, ecological and social) used to
    evaluate alternative water resources development and
    management strategies, may identify a need to change
    how we commonly develop and use our water resources

    Also need to consider the impacts of change


    SUSTAINABILITY ( CONT .)
    IMPACT OF CHANGE
    Certain is change over time, it affect the physical ,
    biological and social dimensions of water resource
    systems
    Anticipation of change is change due to
    geomorphologic processes, the aging of infrastructure,
    shifts in demands or desires of a changing society, and
    even increased variability of water supplies, possibly
    because of a changing climate

    Sustainable water resources systems are those designed and


    operated in ways that make them more adaptive, robust and
    resilient to an uncertain and changing future
    SUSTAINABILITY ( CONT .)
    APPROACHES
    TOP-DOWN (COMMAND &
    CONTROL)
    BOTTOM-UP (GRASS
    ROOTS)
    INTEGRATED WATER
    RESOURCES
    MANAGEMENT (IWRM)
    ASPECTS

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