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9-2 Phases, Eclipses, and Tides Web

This document discusses phases of the moon, eclipses, and tides. It explains that the moon's phases are caused by the changing positions of the moon, Earth, and sun. Eclipses occur when one celestial body blocks the sun's light from reaching another. Solar eclipses happen during a new moon and lunar eclipses occur during a full moon. Tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun, with high tides occurring on opposite sides of Earth closest to the moon.

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Kelli McDaniel Marchbanks
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342 views

9-2 Phases, Eclipses, and Tides Web

This document discusses phases of the moon, eclipses, and tides. It explains that the moon's phases are caused by the changing positions of the moon, Earth, and sun. Eclipses occur when one celestial body blocks the sun's light from reaching another. Solar eclipses happen during a new moon and lunar eclipses occur during a full moon. Tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun, with high tides occurring on opposite sides of Earth closest to the moon.

Uploaded by

Kelli McDaniel Marchbanks
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Phases, Eclipses, and

Tides
Chapter 9 Section 2
The Moon’s Orbit
 The moon revolves
around Earth and
rotates on its own
axis
 The moon revolves
around Earth once
every 27.3 days in
an oval orbit
 The moon rotates on
its axis once every
27.3 days (1 moon
day = 1 moon year)
 The same side of the
moon always faces
What Causes Phases?

 Phases-the different
shapes of the moon
you see from Earth
 Phases are caused by
changes in the relative
positions of the moon,
Earth,
The Cycle
 andPhases
of the the sun
 New moon
 Waxing Crescent
 First quarter
 Waxing Gibbous
 Full Moon
 Waning Gibbous
 Third Quarter
 Waning Crescent
Cyclical Phases of the
Moon
Eclipses
The moon’s orbit around Earth is
slightly tilted with respect to
Earth’s orbit around the sun
When the moon’s shadow hits
Earth or Earth’s shadow hits the
moon, and eclipse occurs
Eclipse- occurs when an object in
space comes between the sun
and a third object, and casts a
shadow on that object
Total Solar Eclipses
 Partial Solar Eclipses

 Solar eclipse  Penumbra-


occurs when largest part
the moon
passes between of the
Earth and the moons
sun, blocking
the sunlight shadow
from reaching where part
Earth of the sun
 Umbra- cone-
is visible
shaped darkest
part of the from Earth
moon’s shadow  Eclipse
 Only the Earth
within the
visible in
umbra the
experience a penumbra
total solar is a partial
eclipse
Solar Eclipse eclipse
Total Lunar Eclipses
 Partial Lunar Eclipses

 Lunar eclipse occurs at A lunar eclipse when


a full moon when Earth, the moon, and
Earth is directly the sun are not quite
between the moon in line cause a
and the sun partial lunar eclipse
 When the moon is in  A partial lunar eclipse
Earth’s umbra, you occurs when the
see a total lunar moon passes partly
eclipse into the umbra of
Earth’s shadow

Lunar
Eclipses
What Causes Tides?
 High Tides

 Tides- the rise and fall of  The moon pulls on water


water at Earth’s surface
 Gravity pulls the moon and more strongly than on
Earth (including the Earth as a whole
water on Earth’s surface)  Water facing the moon is
toward each other pulled toward the
 Tides occur mainly because moon creating high
of differences in how tide
much the moon pulls on  The farthest point from
different parts of Earth the moon pulls less
 Moon’s gravity pulls water
strongly on the water
toward the point on
at Earth’s surface than
on Earth as a whole;
Earth’s surface closest to Earth is pulled toward
the moon the moon, leaving the
 water behind, creating
another high tide
Tides
The Tide Cycle
 Spring and Neap Tides

 Low tides occur on the  Spring tide- tide with the


sides of the Earth greatest difference
perpendicular to the between low and high
high tides tide caused by the pull
of gravity of both the
 Tides cycle every 25
sun and moon in the
hours same direction
 Neap tide- tide with the
least difference
between low and high
tide caused when the
sun’s pull is at right
angles to the moon’s
on the Earth
Local Tide Effects
Shapes of bodies of water and
depths of the ocean floor affect the
flow of water
Ocean tides can sometimes extend
far up rivers and can flow
upstream as the tide comes in and
downstream as the tide goes back
out
Intertidal zone- strip of land that
under water at high tide but
becomes dry land at low tide
Review
 Why does the moon change its phases as
the month progresses?

 Describethe relative positions of Earth, the


sun, and the moon during a solar eclipse
and during a lunar eclipse

 Explainwhy there are two high tides and


two low tides each day.

 Why are a “day” and a “year” on the moon


the same length?

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