Native American

NATIVE AMERICAN
by :
1.Rachmita Zulfa A.Q.A
2.Reni Puji A.
3.Rini Riana
4.Widya Saraswati
5.Yulia Heliyanti
6.Zahra Zulfi K.
PROLOGUE
History : first Indians came to the American continent

from Asia over 20,000 years ago. At that time it was
very cold and ice covered most of the northern part of
our world->across the Bering Strait and spread ->the
southern part of South America.
Agricultural revolution
Rather than hunting the first Americans usually relied

on farming or a combination of farming, hunting, and
gathering live hoods.
Regional Way
In South West ->The region

extending from Southeastern
California through Arizona , New
Mexico and western Texas , into
northwestern Mexico->Pueblos are
well known.
Shared Ways :The Indigenous

people placed a high value on
gift giving .
The Dark Ages of Indian History :

16th 19th ->the arrival of large
numbers of European ->
European carried diseases killed
The Northern Ways
In 1630, the Puritans were on their way to

plant a new colony in North America. Leaded
by John Winthrop.
They were to built a city upon a hill.
They place religious beliefs and practices,

from bible they developed a complex set of
Relations with Native
Americans
The opinion of their superiority, leads the

Puritans to build strong communities with
Native Americans. Especially to spread their
religion.
One of famous missionary was John Eliot. Due

to his work and a few other missionaries, in
the last 17th century several hundred Native
Americans had relocated in fourteen English-
The Ways of Others

Passion was a problem for
middle-class Victorian
All of the American had to
compete each other to be

survive
An Unspeakable Sadness
The inferior of North America could

have been set as a permanent
homeland for the continents
indigenous people.
The Indians had no legitimate claims

to cultures of their own.
Indian Responses
During the first three decades of the

nineteenth century, the Cherokees
adopted a written constitution
modeled after that of the United
States.
A group of Indian prophets supplied

the ideological core of the Indian
The Culmination of the
White
The Dawes
Act asAssault
an alternative to
the enormous power of traditional
tribal structures and the ancestral
ways of the Indians.
Whites apparently shielded

themselves by weaving a romantic
shroud of fantasy and nostalgia
The Pendulum Swings of
Indian Policy
Self-Determination
replaced Termination
Indians is called nation

within a nation Indian
Authority Over Indians
King George III issued royal proclamation
US Constitution gave Congress the power to

regulate commerce with the Indian tribes
Congress passed the Indian Removal Act

support ebbed
The sectional differences between North and

South westward expansion began again
Reservation policy
Reservation policy broken under the General
The Indian New Deal

The Indian New Deal the cornerstone: Indian
Reorganization Act (IRA) was resisted by

some tribal nations
Termination became federal policy the key
element: Relocation
Largely due to Termination and Relocation,

today more than Americans live off
reservations.
Self-Determination
Self-Determination by
President Nixon
Self-Determination remains
official policy today native
nations can govern themselves

and their citizens
Indigenous People in the
What is indigenous people?
21st Century
native people that fight to protect their land, natural

resources, cultural practices. They have such enormous
diversity on history, language, culture, system of
governance, and way of life on each group ( -+5000 distinct
group).
Shared Issues :
common values :
Inseparable
Problems rooted in Colonialism

Colonial policies :
Social
Economic
Political
Basic rights :
disregarded, assimilated into colonial

society and culture by policies
poverty, raised mortality,
unemployment, substance abuse.
U.N Declaration :
protects self-determination and treaty

rights of indigenous people ( economic,
social, culture development).
What does it mean to be an
1.
2.
3.
4.
Being part of a community
indigenous person in the 21st

Trusting on owns vision
century?
Sharing
and
networking
knowledge and best practices
traditional
Being an entrepreneur, physician, scientist
5. Honoring the ancestors
Living Traditions of Native
America
Four major ideas to understanding the past and

present situation of native peoples
1. diverse culture human must be stewards of
a living world
2. individuals their tribal community
3. the trauma past time who we are today
4. native peoples creative expressions
NMAI described Native America as

ancient and modern, and always
changing
Many are intermarried with people of other

ethnic and racial backgrounds tribes are
tremendously diverse which each having
its own traditional culture, history,
language they seek a balance of
maintaining ancestral cultures
Discrimination and misunderstanding

had driven native Americans culture
were thought to be dying
collective efforts people of all

backgrounds open the gate of tribes
life
They build a museum
Native Americans are living in a

balance with the natural and spiritual
realms They shared cultural
Native identity is about relationships

they belong to specific community
that defines its own membership
The brilliance of Native cultures is a

manifold
THANK YOU
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NATIVE AMERICAN

History : first Indians came to the American continent

Rather than hunting the first Americans usually relied

In South West ->The region

Shared Ways :The Indigenous

The Dark Ages of Indian History :

The Northern Ways

In 1630, the Puritans were on their way to

They were to built a city upon a hill.

They place religious beliefs and practices,

Relations with Native

The opinion of their superiority, leads the

One of famous missionary was John Eliot. Due

The Ways of Others

All of the American had to

compete each other to be

The inferior of North America could

The Indians had no legitimate claims

During the first three decades of the

A group of Indian prophets supplied

The Culmination of the

Whites apparently shielded

The Pendulum Swings of

Indians is called nation

Authority Over Indians

King George III issued royal proclamation

US Constitution gave Congress the power to

Congress passed the Indian Removal Act

The sectional differences between North and

Reservation policy broken under the General

The Indian New Deal

Reorganization Act (IRA) was resisted by

Largely due to Termination and Relocation,

nations can govern themselves

Indigenous People in the

What is indigenous people?

native people that fight to protect their land, natural

Problems rooted in Colonialism

disregarded, assimilated into colonial

protects self-determination and treaty

What does it mean to be an

Being part of a community

indigenous person in the 21st

Being an entrepreneur, physician, scientist

5. Honoring the ancestors

Living Traditions of Native

Four major ideas to understanding the past and

NMAI described Native America as

Many are intermarried with people of other

Discrimination and misunderstanding

collective efforts people of all

They build a museum

Native Americans are living in a

Native identity is about relationships

The brilliance of Native cultures is a

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