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    Compressors

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    sabhari_ram
    Compressed air systems use compressors to compress and store air, which can then be released on demand. There are three main types of compressors - reciprocating compressors which work like pumps, rotary compressors which use rotating parts like screws or vanes, and centrifugal compressors which use a rotating impeller. Compressed air systems also include filters, coolers, dryers, tanks, and other components. Proper maintenance is important to reduce leakage which can waste significant amounts of compressed air. Different compressor types and models can be compared based on factors like efficiency, noise, size, maintenance needs, and capacity.

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    Compressors

    Uploaded by

    sabhari_ram
    280 views30 pages
    Compressed air systems use compressors to compress and store air, which can then be released on demand. There are three main types of compressors - reciprocating compressors which work like pumps, rotary compressors which use rotating parts like screws or vanes, and centrifugal compressors which use a rotating impeller. Compressed air systems also include filters, coolers, dryers, tanks, and other components. Proper maintenance is important to reduce leakage which can waste significant amounts of compressed air. Different compressor types and models can be compared based on factors like efficiency, noise, size, maintenance needs, and capacity.

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    Compressed air systems use compressors to compress and store air, which can then be released on demand. There are three main types of compressors - reciprocating compressors which work like pumps, rotary compressors which use rotating parts like screws or vanes, and centrifugal compressors which use a rotating impeller. Compressed air systems also include filters, coolers, dryers, tanks, and other components. Proper maintenance is important to reduce leakage which can waste significant amounts of compressed air. Different compressor types and models can be compared based on factors like efficiency, noise, size, maintenance needs, and capacity.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    280 views30 pages

    Compressors

    Uploaded by

    sabhari_ram
    Compressed air systems use compressors to compress and store air, which can then be released on demand. There are three main types of compressors - reciprocating compressors which work like pumps, rotary compressors which use rotating parts like screws or vanes, and centrifugal compressors which use a rotating impeller. Compressed air systems also include filters, coolers, dryers, tanks, and other components. Proper maintenance is important to reduce leakage which can waste significant amounts of compressed air. Different compressor types and models can be compared based on factors like efficiency, noise, size, maintenance needs, and capacity.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 30
    At a glance
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    The key takeaways are that there are different types of compressors like reciprocating, rotary, and centrifugal compressors. Compressed air systems have components like air filters, coolers, dryers and receivers. Leakages are a major issue with compressors and compressed air systems.

    The main types of compressors discussed are reciprocating compressors, rotary compressors like screw and vane compressors, and centrifugal compressors.

    The main components of a compressed air system discussed are intake air filters, inter-stage coolers, after coolers, air dryers, moisture drain traps and receivers.

    Compressors

    &
    Compressed Air Systems

    Introduction

    Types of compressors

    Compressed air systems

    Introduction

    Air compressor

    An air compressor is a device that converts power


    (usually from an electric motor, a diesel engine or a
    gasoline engine) into kinetic energy by compressing and
    pressurizing air, which, on command, can be released in
    quick bursts.

    Pneumatic Power Supply consists of a Prime mover, a


    compressor, and a receiver tank
    Prime mover driven by Electric motor
    Gas or diesel engine also used
    Receiver Tank store energy, provides smooth supply of air
    required to the system operation.
    Incorporated with Pressure Switch

    Significant Inefficiencies associated with compressor


    Compressors Range : 5 to 50,000 hp
    70 90% of compressed air is lost

    Types of compressors

    Types of Compressors

    Types of Compressors
    Reciprocating Compressor
    Works like a bicycle pump: cylinder volume reduces
    while pressure increases, with pulsating output
    Single acting when using one side of the piston, and
    double acting when using both sides
    Many configurations available

    Single stage

    Two Stage

    Multi stage

    Reciprocating Compressor

    10

    Reciprocating Compressor

    11

    Reciprocating Compressor Diagram

    12

    Types of Compressors
    Rotary Compressor
    Rotors instead of pistons: continuous discharge
    Benefits: low cost, compact, low weight, easy to maintain
    Sizes between 30 200 hp
    Types
    Lobe compressor
    Screw compressor
    Rotary vane / Slide vane

    13

    14

    Rotary screw air compressor internal view

    15

    Diagram of a rotary screw compressor

    16

    Types of Compressors
    Centrifugal Compressor
    Rotating impeller
    transfers energy
    to move air
    Continuous duty
    Designed oil free
    High volume
    applications
    > 12,000 cfm
    17

    Main Components in Compressed Air Systems


    Intake air filters
    Inter-stage coolers
    After coolers
    Air dryers
    Moisture drain traps
    Receivers

    18

    Components in Three stage Compressed Air Systems

    19

    Important Terminologies:

    Compressor Cycling 50% on,50% off


    Cut-in pressure minimum pressure compressor turns on
    Cut-out pressure - maximum pressure compressor turns off

    20

    Comparison of Compressors
    Efficiency at full, partial and no load
    Noise level
    Size
    Oil carry-over
    Vibration
    Maintenance
    Capacity
    Pressure

    21

    Compressors
    Leakages
    Consequences
    Energy waste: 20 30% of output
    Drop in system pressure
    Shorter equipment life

    Common leakage areas


    Couplings, hoses, tubes, fittings
    Pressure regulators
    Open condensate traps, shut-off valves
    Pipe joints, disconnects, thread sealants
    22

    Leak Quantification Method


    Total leakage calculation:
    Leakage (%) = [(T x 100) / (T + t)]
    T = on-load time (minutes)
    t = off-load time (minutes)

    Well maintained system: less than 10%


    leakages

    23

    Assessment of Compressor
    Example
    Compressor capacity (m3/minute) = 35
    Cut in pressure, kg/cm2

    = 6.8

    Cut out pressure, kg/cm2

    = 7.5

    Load kW drawn

    = 188 kW

    Unload kW drawn

    = 54 kW

    Average Load time

    =1.5 min

    Average Unload time

    = 10.5 min

    Leakage = [(1.5)/(1.5+10.5)] x 35 = 4.375 m3/minute


    24

    25

    Portable Air Tank


    Campbell Hausfeld
    KT0700 - $20
    7G
    Pressure Gauge
    125 PSI Max *
    * - Incorporate a safety valve!!!

    Portable Air Tank


    Campbell Hausfeld
    KT0500
    5G
    Pressure Gauge
    125 PSI Max *
    * - Incorporate a safety valve!!!

    Oil-Free
    Craftsman 16734 - $279
    Noisy
    33 G Storage Tank
    6 HP, 110 VAC
    150 PSI Max

    Oil-Lubricated
    Husky VT6314 - $429 *
    Quieter
    60 G Storage Tank
    7 HP, 220 VAC
    135 PSI Max
    * - No Pressure Regulator

    30

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