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    Hazard Identification Amp Risk Assessment

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    Narendra Reddy Bhuma
    This document discusses hazard identification and risk assessment. It defines hazards as physical entities that can cause harm and risks as the probability and consequences of harm from exposure to hazards. The purposes of risk assessment are to identify hazards associated with activities, evaluate risks, and keep information up to date. It describes identifying hazards through observation like inspections and consultation. Risk is assessed based on likelihood, exposure, and consequences. Both qualitative and quantitative risk assessments are covered, with quantitative using tools like event tree analysis and qualitative using risk ratings.

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    Hazard Identification Amp Risk Assessment

    Uploaded by

    Narendra Reddy Bhuma
    244 views32 pages
    This document discusses hazard identification and risk assessment. It defines hazards as physical entities that can cause harm and risks as the probability and consequences of harm from exposure to hazards. The purposes of risk assessment are to identify hazards associated with activities, evaluate risks, and keep information up to date. It describes identifying hazards through observation like inspections and consultation. Risk is assessed based on likelihood, exposure, and consequences. Both qualitative and quantitative risk assessments are covered, with quantitative using tools like event tree analysis and qualitative using risk ratings.

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    50575729 Hazard Identification Amp Risk Assessment

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    This document discusses hazard identification and risk assessment. It defines hazards as physical entities that can cause harm and risks as the probability and consequences of harm from exposure to hazards. The purposes of risk assessment are to identify hazards associated with activities, evaluate risks, and keep information up to date. It describes identifying hazards through observation like inspections and consultation. Risk is assessed based on likelihood, exposure, and consequences. Both qualitative and quantitative risk assessments are covered, with quantitative using tools like event tree analysis and qualitative using risk ratings.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    244 views32 pages

    Hazard Identification Amp Risk Assessment

    Uploaded by

    Narendra Reddy Bhuma
    This document discusses hazard identification and risk assessment. It defines hazards as physical entities that can cause harm and risks as the probability and consequences of harm from exposure to hazards. The purposes of risk assessment are to identify hazards associated with activities, evaluate risks, and keep information up to date. It describes identifying hazards through observation like inspections and consultation. Risk is assessed based on likelihood, exposure, and consequences. Both qualitative and quantitative risk assessments are covered, with quantitative using tools like event tree analysis and qualitative using risk ratings.

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    At a glance
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    The key takeaways are about identifying hazards and conducting risk assessments to evaluate risks from various activities and keep the information up to date.

    Some types of hazards mentioned are obvious hazards like unguarded machinery and hidden hazards like stress and communicable diseases.

    The steps involved in qualitative risk assessment are assigning risk ratings based on likelihood and consequence, highlighting high priority risks, analyzing how risks can occur and mitigation measures, and developing action and communication plans.

    Hazard Identification

    & Risk Assessment.

    CONTENTS

    Purpose of HIRA
    Definition of Hazard.
    Identify the Hazard.
    Definition of Risk.
    Why conduct a Risk Assessment ?
    Factors involved in Risk Assessment.
    Types of Risk Assessment.
    - Quantitative.
    - Qualitative.
    Quantitative Risk Assessment.
    - Event Tree Analysis.
    Qualitative Risk Assessment.
    - Risk Ratings.

    Hazard Identification & Risk


    Assessment

    PURPOSE

    To identify hazard linked to various activities and associated


    risks.
    To evaluate the risk of all activities & services.
    To identify significant hazard and
    To keep information up to date.

    Definition

    Hazard

    Is a physical entity (i.e. an energy or an environmental


    agent) which could produce injury or disease in people
    (or environmental damage, damage to property, etc.).

    Something that has the potential to cause harm!

    HAZARDS CAN BE

    To identify hazards we need to understand that hazards


    can be:

    Obvious.

    Hidden.

    Obvious Hazard

    unguarded machinery
    poor housekeeping
    dust
    noise
    vibration
    working at heights
    load shifting equipment
    chemicals

    Hidden Hazards

    Potential energies such as thermal, mechanical and electrical.


    Psychological hazards such as stress, fatigue, lack of training,
    bullying and harassment.
    Biological hazards such as communicable diseases (blood
    borne viruses)

    Identify the hazard

    Observation
    walk around the workplace, use checklists as a guide, incident
    and injury reporting mechanisms in place and most
    importantly ensure staff are instructed on how to formally
    document hazards.
    Consultation
    talk to shop floor staff, seek assistance from specialists and
    other companies who complete similar tasks or who work in
    the same industry.

    Observation

    Workplace Inspections
    Workplace Inspections are a key process for identifying
    hazards in the workplace and eliminating them before they
    cause an accident or injury.

    Types of inspection
    Continuous (Hazard reports)
    Periodic (Recurring audits /checklists)

    Inspection checklists

    A formal inspection checklist (s) that is specifically tailored to


    operations and maintenance requirements of the organization
    should be developed as follows:

    Housekeeping
    Plant, equipment and machinery
    Work processes
    Work arrangement (including shift work, overtime, stress
    factors)
    The physical environment (e.g. temperature, lighting, space,
    noise)
    Management systems (policies and procedures)

    Consultation

    Involves

    Sharing information
    Exchange of views between employers and their
    representatives
    Genuine opportunity
    Contribute effectively to any decision-making process
    Eliminate or control risks to health and safety

    Consultation should occur when

    Identifying hazards.
    Assessing the risks.
    Developing control measures.
    Reviewing the effectiveness of control measures.
    Planning changes to the work environment, plant, equipment,
    work processes, work organization, work systems or
    chemicals in use.

    Definitions

    RISK

    The probability (likelihood) of harm or damage occurring from


    exposure to a hazard, and the likely consequences of that harm
    or damage.

    A chance of something happening that will impact on your


    objective.

    Why conduct a risk assessment ?

    Human factors save life, stop workplace injures,


    illnesses and increase staff morale.

    Legal factors meet legislative requirement and Work


    Cover.

    Financial factors decrease the risk of prosecution


    and fines incurred, reduce absenteeism, increase
    potential for gaining shareholders and increase
    productivity.

    To reduce any significant risk.

    Responsibilities of Employer

    Provide a safe working environment.


    Provide safe systems of work.
    Provide plant and substances in a safe condition.
    Provide adequate facilities for the welfare of employees.
    Provide information, instruction, training and supervision to
    ensure employees are safe from injury.

    Responsibilities of Employees.

    Implement company policies and procedures.

    Investigate accidents and incidents.

    Ensure effective consultation.

    Respond to occupational health, safety and welfare issues.

    Maintain plant, equipment and housekeeping.

    Ensure correct personal protective equipment is used and


    maintained.

    Factors involved in Risk


    Assessment.

    In Assessing the risk there are three factors that


    are important:

    1. Likelihood-What is the probability of it happening.

    2. Degree of Exposure-How often would be exposed.

    3. Consequence-If it happens, what will happen.

    Assessing the risks

    Gather as much information as possible about each identified


    hazard.

    Consider frequency and duration of exposure for all persons


    affected.

    Use the information to assess the likelihood and


    consequences of each hazard.

    Use a risk assessment tool to calculate a risk score and


    priorities against other hazards.

    Types of Risk Assessment.

    Quantitative.
    Assigns real numbers to costs of safeguards and damage
    Based on probabilities of event occurring
    Can be unreliable/inaccurate

    Qualitative.

    Generally used in Information Security


    Hard to make meaningful valuations and meaningful
    probabilities.
    Relative ordering is faster and more important.

    Many approaches to performing qualitative risk analysis.


    Same basic steps as quantitative analysis.

    Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA)

    In summary, the methodology is:

    1.Set the Context


    Define the particular operational area.

    2. Identify the risks.

    3. Determine how serious the risks are.


    Ask and write down what are the consequences if the
    identified risks take place. For example, could a fault in our
    operations lead to deaths ?

    Cont

    4. Determine how likely the risks are.


    Use facts and previous experience. Has it ever happened in
    this site ? In this industry ? How often ? What were the relevant
    causal factors ? Do these factors apply in our situation ?

    5. Classify the risks.


    Risk = C x L x E
    i.e. consequence x likelihood x exposure
    A risk ranking index is useful.

    Cont

    6. Highlight the high priority risks.


    The high priority risks are those with the highest CLE score
    and any identified high consequence risk.

    7. Analyze the high priority risks.


    How can they occur ? What can we do to prevent the event
    from happening, or if it happens how can we reduce the
    consequences ?

    8. Write the action plan.

    Cont

    9. Write the communication plan


    -Who needs to know about the risk profile ?
    -Who needs to know about our plans to reduce risk ?
    -How will we keep them informed ?

    10. Review the action plan


    Are the risks being managed as planned ? status of
    improvements ?

    Event Tree Analysis


    It starts with the event and considers different scenarios.
    An event tree is a visual representation of all the events which
    can occur in a system. As the number of events increases, the
    picture fans out like the branches of a tree.

    Event tree development


    procedure
    Step 1: Identification of the initiating event.
    Step 2: Identification of safety function.
    Step 3: Construction of the event tree.
    Step 4: Classification of outcomes.
    Step 5: Estimation of the conditional probability of each branch.
    Step 6: Quantification of outcomes.
    Step 7: Evaluation.

    Example- Event Tree

    Qualitative Risk Assessment

    Qualitative risk analysis methods are used to set


    priority for various purposes including further
    analysis. They are useful when reliable data for
    more quantitative approaches is not available.

    Risk Rating
    Letter

    Risk Level

    Risk Control Measures

    Extreme Risk

    High Risk

    Immediate

    Moderate Risk

    Complete

    Low Risk

    Identify

    Immediate action required.


    Highest level corporate management needs to be involved.
    action required.
    Senior site management needs to be involved.
    risk assessment.
    Identify hazard and implement control to reduce risk.
    Management responsibility must be defined.
    hazard and implement control as required.
    Manage by routine process.

    Strengths of using this method

    Provides a ranking of risk.

    Encourages the team to understand the hazard in order


    to rank the significance of the risk.

    Responsibilities of Safety officer.

    Never hurry while doing risk assessment.


    Must be done several time.
    Must give 1 to 2 solutions for each reason of Risk given.
    Short, long, management solutions are three types of solution.
    - short term 1. immediate action.
    2. implement slowly.
    3. Human behavior.
    - Management-1. Enforcement of safety precaution.

    Refrences

    www.safework.sa.gov.au
    www.hrdp-irdm.in
    www.Ms1.mit.edu

    Thank

    you..

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