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    Night Vision Technology

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    nabeel
    This document discusses night vision technology. It begins by introducing that night vision allows humans to see in the dark using specialized equipment and describes the two main types: biological and technical night vision. It then explains the working of technical night vision through either image intensification, which amplifies available light, or thermal imaging, which detects infrared radiation from objects. The document outlines the main night vision devices, describes the generations of technology from generation 1 to 3, and discusses applications of night vision in automobiles, the military, security and more. It concludes that while originally developed for defense, night vision now has many civilian applications as well.

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    Night Vision Technology

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    nabeel
    598 views23 pages
    This document discusses night vision technology. It begins by introducing that night vision allows humans to see in the dark using specialized equipment and describes the two main types: biological and technical night vision. It then explains the working of technical night vision through either image intensification, which amplifies available light, or thermal imaging, which detects infrared radiation from objects. The document outlines the main night vision devices, describes the generations of technology from generation 1 to 3, and discusses applications of night vision in automobiles, the military, security and more. It concludes that while originally developed for defense, night vision now has many civilian applications as well.

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    This document discusses night vision technology. It begins by introducing that night vision allows humans to see in the dark using specialized equipment and describes the two main types: biological and technical night vision. It then explains the working of technical night vision through either image intensification, which amplifies available light, or thermal imaging, which detects infrared radiation from objects. The document outlines the main night vision devices, describes the generations of technology from generation 1 to 3, and discusses applications of night vision in automobiles, the military, security and more. It concludes that while originally developed for defense, night vision now has many civilian applications as well.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    598 views23 pages

    Night Vision Technology

    Uploaded by

    nabeel
    This document discusses night vision technology. It begins by introducing that night vision allows humans to see in the dark using specialized equipment and describes the two main types: biological and technical night vision. It then explains the working of technical night vision through either image intensification, which amplifies available light, or thermal imaging, which detects infrared radiation from objects. The document outlines the main night vision devices, describes the generations of technology from generation 1 to 3, and discusses applications of night vision in automobiles, the military, security and more. It concludes that while originally developed for defense, night vision now has many civilian applications as well.

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    At a glance
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    Night vision technology allows humans to see in low-light or no-light conditions. It was originally developed for military use but now has applications in security, surveillance and automobiles.

    The two types of night vision are biological night vision (natural vision) and technical night vision (using night vision devices).

    Night vision devices are mainly divided into scopes, goggles and cameras. Scopes are monocular, goggles are binocular worn on the head and cameras are for transmission or recording.

    Night Vision

    Technology

    CONTENTS
    Introduction
    Types of Night Vision
    Working of Technical Night Vision
    Night Vision Devices(NVDs)
    Generations
    Night vision in automobiles
    Applications
    Conclusion
    References

    INTRODUCTION
    Night vision technology, literally allows one to see in the

    dark.
    Humans have poor night vision compared to many other

    animals.
    It is originally developed for military use .
    With the proper night-vision equipment, we can see a

    person standing (183 m) away on a moonless, cloudy night.

    TYPES OF NIGHT VISION


    It is broadly classified into two types
    Biological Night Vision
    Also called natural night vision
    Rods in retina are responsible for night vision
    Technical Night Vision

    visuals using night vision devices


    Two processes : Image intensification
    Thermal imaging

    WORKING OF TECHNICAL
    NIGHT VISION

    Fig1:- Image intensifier process

    Technical Night vision can work in two very different ways


    Image Intensification

    Night vision amplifies light to achieve better vision .


    Lens of NVD captures ambient light.

    Cont.
    The gathered light is sent to the image-intensifier tube.
    The light energy released electron from the photocathode and

    accelerated.
    These electrons enter micro channel plate and bounce off and generate
    more electron.
    Thousands of other electrons to be released in channel.
    Original electrons collide with the channel,exciting atoms and causing

    other electrons to emit.


    New electrons collide with other atoms, creating a chain.

    Cont.
    These electrons hit a screen coated with phosphor.

    The energy of the electrons causes the phosphors to reach


    an excited state and pass through the screen and release
    photons.

    The green phosphor image is viewed through another


    lens.

    Thermal Imaging

    Fig2:-Thermal imaging process

    Contd

    Thermal Imaging

    All objects emit infrared energy as a function of their


    temperature.
    A lens focuses the infrared light.

    The focused light is scanned and create temperature


    pattern.

    The pattern created is translated into electric impulses.

    Contd
    The impulses are sent to a signal-processing unit that

    translates the data into information for the display.


    The signal-processing unit sends the information to the

    display.
    Thermal images are black and white in nature.

    NIGHT VISION DEVICES


    Night vision devices are basically divided into three
    categories
    SCOPES
    They are monocular normally

    handheld or mounted on a weapon.


    GOGGLES
    They are binocular and

    worn on the head.


    CAMERAS
    Used for transmission or recording

    of images mostly if the location is fixed.


    Fig3:- Night vision devices

    GENERATIONS
    Generation 1
    Three intensifier tubes
    Heavier than generation 2 and 3.
    Amplification: 1,000
    Operating Life: 2,000 Hours

    Contd

    Generation 2
    First Micro channel Plate Application
    Able to see in extremely low light
    Amplification: 10,000
    Operating Life: 2,500 Hours

    Contd
    Generation 3
    Improved Micro channel Plate & Photocathode.
    Photocathode is coated with ion barrier film(IBF),

    to prevent electrons generated in MCP migrating


    back to photocathode and damage it.
    Amplification: 40,000
    Operating Life: 10,000 Hours

    NIGHT VISION TECHNOLOGY IN


    AUTOMOBILES
    works on two phenomenon :ACTIVE ILLUMINATION
    THERMAL IMAGING

    ACTIVE ILLUMINATION
    This system can detect pedestrians up to four times farther

    than the typical headlight range even in penetrating dense


    smoke.
    It actively detects people near the roadway, highlighting
    potential hazards and allowing drivers to have more time
    to react to them.
    It combines image intensification with source of
    illumination.

    THERMAL IMAGING
    Thermal imaging is a heat-sensing technology that can

    see in complete darkness using temperature


    difference.
    Electrical impulses are sent in the form of temperature

    values to an image signal processor that turns them


    into video data for presentation on a display.

    PRESENT DAY APPLICATION


    Audi(r8), BMW(7) uses thermal imaging

    APPLICATIONS
    Military
    Automobiles
    Surveillance
    Security
    Hidden-object detection

    ADVANTAGES
    No particular skill required.
    Able to see in dark.
    Accidents cases reduction.
    Intensified night visual.

    CONCLUSIONS
    Night vision devices are basically designed for utmost

    defensive purposes but the application within the


    scientific or the civilian range is often prohibited by law.

    In present scenario the applications of night vision

    technology is very essential to combat terrorism which is


    a major problem being faced by mankind.

    REFERENCES
    http://www.google.co.in
    http://www.photonis.com/nightvision/products/supergen/su

    pergen_specifications
    http://www.irinfo.org/articles/03_01_2007_grossman.html
    Www.Wikipedia.Org
    En.Wikipedia.Org/Wiki/Night_vision_device
    Www.Morovision.Com/How_thermalimaging_works.html.
    En.Wikipedia.Org/Wiki/Night_vision

    THANK YOU

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