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    AORTIC Dissection

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    paulyn ramos
    An aortic dissection is a serious condition where the wall of the aorta tears, creating two channels for blood flow. One channel continues normal blood flow while blood pools in the other channel. This can restrict blood flow to branches of the aorta. It is usually caused by high blood pressure and connective tissue disorders. Symptoms include a sudden and severe chest pain that radiates to the back. Diagnosis involves imaging tests like CT scans and echocardiograms. Treatment depends on the location of the dissection but may include open heart surgery, endovascular stent grafting, or medications to lower blood pressure. Complications can damage organs if blood flow is reduced.

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    AORTIC Dissection

    Uploaded by

    paulyn ramos
    144 views20 pages
    An aortic dissection is a serious condition where the wall of the aorta tears, creating two channels for blood flow. One channel continues normal blood flow while blood pools in the other channel. This can restrict blood flow to branches of the aorta. It is usually caused by high blood pressure and connective tissue disorders. Symptoms include a sudden and severe chest pain that radiates to the back. Diagnosis involves imaging tests like CT scans and echocardiograms. Treatment depends on the location of the dissection but may include open heart surgery, endovascular stent grafting, or medications to lower blood pressure. Complications can damage organs if blood flow is reduced.

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    An aortic dissection is a serious condition where the wall of the aorta tears, creating two channels for blood flow. One channel continues normal blood flow while blood pools in the other channel. This can restrict blood flow to branches of the aorta. It is usually caused by high blood pressure and connective tissue disorders. Symptoms include a sudden and severe chest pain that radiates to the back. Diagnosis involves imaging tests like CT scans and echocardiograms. Treatment depends on the location of the dissection but may include open heart surgery, endovascular stent grafting, or medications to lower blood pressure. Complications can damage organs if blood flow is reduced.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    144 views20 pages

    AORTIC Dissection

    Uploaded by

    paulyn ramos
    An aortic dissection is a serious condition where the wall of the aorta tears, creating two channels for blood flow. One channel continues normal blood flow while blood pools in the other channel. This can restrict blood flow to branches of the aorta. It is usually caused by high blood pressure and connective tissue disorders. Symptoms include a sudden and severe chest pain that radiates to the back. Diagnosis involves imaging tests like CT scans and echocardiograms. Treatment depends on the location of the dissection but may include open heart surgery, endovascular stent grafting, or medications to lower blood pressure. Complications can damage organs if blood flow is reduced.

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    AORTIC

    DISSECTION
    Aortic dissection is a serious condition in which there is a tear in the wall of the major
    artery carrying blood out of the heart (aorta).
    Causes:
    1st- when it leaves the heart
    2nd- aorta first moves up through the chest towards the
    head (the ascending aorta).
    3rd- bends or arches, and finally moves down through
    the chest and abdomen (the descending aorta).
    When a tear occurs, it creates two
    channels:
    One in which blood continues to travel
    Another where blood stays still

    If the channel with non-traveling blood gets bigger, it can push on other branches of the
    aorta.
    This can narrow the other branches and reduce blood flow through them.

    An aortic dissection may also cause abnormal widening (aneurysm)


    Other risk factors and conditions linked to aortic
    dissection include:

    Bicuspid aortic valve

    Coarction (narrowing of the aorta)

    Connective tissue disorders such asMarfan and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome

    and rare genetic disorders


    MARFAN SYNDROME
    Ehlers-danlos syndrome
    Symptoms

    In most cases, the symptoms begin suddenly, and include severechest pain. The
    pain may

    feel like a heart attack and it:

    Described as sharp, stabbing, tearing, or ripping

    Is felt below the chest bone, then moves under the shoulder blades or to the
    back

    Can move to the shoulder, neck, arm, jaw, abdomen, or hips

    Changes position, often moving to the arms and legs as the aortic dissection
    Symptoms are caused by a decrease of blood flowing
    to the rest of the body, and can include:

    Anxiety and a feeling of doom Other symptoms may include:


    Fainting or dizziness
    Pain in the abdomen
    Heavy sweating (clammy skin)
    Nausea and vomiting Stroke symptoms
    Pale skin (pallor)
    Swallowing difficulties from pressure
    Shortness of breath and trouble breathing when
    on the esophagus
    lying flat (orthopnea)
    Exams and Tests
    A health care provider will auscultation the heart, lungs, and
    abdomen with a stethoscope. The exam may find:
    A "blowing" murmur over the aorta, heart murmur, or other abnormal sound
    A difference in blood pressure between the right and left arms, or between the
    arms and legs
    Low blood pressure
    Signs resembling a heart attack
    Signs ofshock but with normal blood pressure
    Aortic dissection or aortic aneurysm may be seen on:

    Aortic angiograph
    Chest x-ray
    Chest MRI
    CT scan of chestwith dye
    Doppler ultrasonography(occasionally performed)
    Echocardiogram
    Transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE)
    Blood work to rule out a heart attacks needed.
    Treatment
    Aortic dissection is a life-threatening condition and needs to be treated
    right away.
    Dissections that occur in the part of the aorta that is leaving the heart
    (ascending) are treated with surgery.
    Dissections that occur in other parts of the aorta (descending) may be
    managed with surgery or medicines.
    Two techniques may be used for surgery:

    Standard, open surgery


    requires a surgical incision thatis made in the chest or abdomen.

    Endovascular aortic repair


    done without any major surgical incisions.

    Drugs that lower blood pressure may be prescribed:


    drugs may be given through a vein (intravenously). Beta-blockers are the first drugs of choice.
    Strong pain relievers are very often needed.

    If the aortic valve is damaged, valve replacement is needed.


    If the heart arteries are involved, a coronary bypass is also performed.
    POSSIBLE
    COMPLICATIONS
    Possible Complications
    Aortic dissection may decrease or stop the blood flow to many different
    parts of the body. This may result in short-term or long-term problems, or
    damage to the:
    Brain
    Heart
    Intestines or bowels
    Kidneys
    Legs
    Prevention

    Things you can do to reduce your risk include:


    Treating and controlling hardening of the arteries (atherosclerosis)
    Keeping high blood pressure under control, especially if you are at risk for dissection
    Taking safety precautions to prevent injuries that can cause dissections
    If you have been diagnosed with Marfan or Ehlers-Danlos syndrome,
    making sure you regularly follow-up with your doctor
    Before and after surgery to correct Type A dissection
    THANK YOU!

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