STUDY

ON

ARANYA LOW COST

HOUSING

ARUN LAZER- 43
VAISHNAVI REDDY-45
LAKSHMI PRIYANKA- 49
JAHNVI-54
M.M.L.MEGHNA-54

01
 INTRODUCTION

LOCATION: 6 kilometres from center of Indore city.

Client- Indore Development Authority
Principal Architect - Balkrishna Doshi
6500 DWELLINGS 60,000 POPULATION
NET Planning area: 85 hectares
Designed 1983
Built in 1989
designed around a central spine comprising the business district, and
an agglomeration of six self-contained neighborhoods.

OBJECTIVES
To improve and upgrade the existing slum area
To provide serviced sites for new housing developments instead of building complete
houses.
To provide for 6,500 residential plots ranging in size from 35m2 for EWS to 475m2 for
high income groups
Create a township with a sense of continuity and fundamental values of security in a good
living environment.
Achieve a community character by establishing harmony between the built environment
and the people.
Create a balanced community of various socio-economic groups to evolve a framework
through design.

LAND USE

02
IDEOLOGY
The ideological basis for planning Aranya has been the following:
Vitality development to support socio-economic aspirations of the community.
Imageability Built form to impart identity and inculcate a sense of belonging amongst the
inhabitants.
Equity to create equitable balanced community with satisfactory level of environmental
qualities and opportunities for all.
Efficiency to realize development that optimizes natural, material as well as human resources
to the advantage of the user group.
Flexibility to evolve framework that absorbs with ease the progressive change and growth
as a part of natural development process.
Feasibility to ensure development within given legal, fiscal and organizational milieu

SITE ANALYSIS

Urban Indore city 214 sq. km.

Major development along Delhi Mumbai highway running through the city in the north
south direction
Surroundings: - Delhi-Mumbai highway on the east
Developing industrial areas on the north, south and west.
Internal city roads to the north, south and west.
Approach through the Delhi Mumbai highway

SITE SELECTION CRITERIA:

Linkages to the city
Employment generating industrial areas in the surroundings.

EXISTING FEATURES:
1.85 hectares allotted for existing light industries.

GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES:
Flat site
A natural water channel running diagonally across the SW corner.
Top strata of the black cotton soil 2-2.5 m thick.
Gradually sloping (Gradient : 1:110 approx.) towards the north-west corner. 03
 CONCEPT
Slum development project
Inspiration from existing slum settlements in Indore

CHARACTERISTICS
Mixed and multiple land use
Formation of small neighborhoods and houses extending to the outdoors.
Small shops operating within congested areas.
Trees planted in public places
Streets accommodating social, economic and domestic activities.

ZONING

9%
14%
11% 65%
65%

EWS LIG
MIG HIG

TOWNSHIP LEVEL:
The aim was to create a central spine. The master plan was informal with interlinked
space of cultural context, maintenance of hierarchy of road, open spaces, a central
location of basic community services.
The central spine was a focus of the converging six sectors

SIX SECTOR LEVEL:

This enabled segregation of pedestrian and vehicular movement, good distribution of
built and unbuilt spaces by promoting interactive land use. 04
EXISTING SQUATTER SETTLEMENTS IN INDORE

05
EXISTING SQUATTER SETTLEMENTS IN INDORE

06
EXISTING SQUATTER SETTLEMENTS IN INDORE

07
EVOLUTION OF MASTER PLAN
1. Plan initially prepared
by Indore
Development
Authority which
doesnt show any
concern for open
space hierarchy,
circulation system,
climatic orientation or
built form.

2. Initial stage of
proposed plan with
distributed open
spaces and street
hierarchies.

3. Later stage of
development with
rectified orientation
to minimize heat gain
and increase natural
shading.

4. Proposed masterplan
with interlinked open
spaces, built form
variations , distributed
amenities , road
network hierarchies
and climate friendly
orientation

08
HOUSING TYPOLOGIES

To foster community feel and mutual

interdependence various income groups
have been combined and arranged in
concentric rings of plots.
Each dwelling has its own compound
and territory, which encourage social
interaction, and supports a way of life of
the user group.
Like mohallas of traditional towns,
dwellings are grouped to create small
cluster spaces in a form of short streets,
or cul-de-sacs or open squares.
Dwellings are oriented north south and
arranged as row-houses so the walls will
absorb that minimum of incident solar
radiation.

09
10
 DISTRIBUTION OF AMENITIES

Community facilities
grouped in local sub
centers.
Formal organization

Community amenities
Drawing of a typical future street distributed evenly
showing the use of service slots, which Informality created
double up as convenient play areas for
Accessibility improved.
the young, provide space for temples
or platforms for small gatherings.

Lower level community

facilities organized in green
spaces
Even distribution
Maintains link with town
center
Pedestrian access easier.

11
HIERARCHY OF ROADS

Basic grid pattern

envisaged for simple
layout

Twists & staggers

introduced to discourage
through traffic spring road
staggered

Clear hierarchy to be
adopted.
Sector level road
Activity spring
City road
Highway

Segregation of vehicular and pedestrian

traffic
Offsets break visual monotony
Hierarchy is based on the volume of the
traffic and activities
The roads suit human scale
Use of cul-de-sacs to avoid traffic

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CIRCULATION AND LINKAGES

For clear segregation of vehicular and pedestrian

traffic:

Vehicular access in the form rectilinear and

formal roads in the hierarchy of 4.5m wide to
15m wide road draw the vehicles outwardly.

Pedestrian access in the form of informal

interlinked open spaces draws people inwardly.

13
 OPEN SPACES

Interlinked informal
spaces
Continuous system
of open spaces is
provided
Staggered roads
create spaces for
community
congregation
A single large open
space is avoided

14
 CLIMATE RESPONSIVE FEATURES

The building height to street

The north south
width ratio is such that streets
orientation of clusters
are shaded except when the
sun is overhead

Most of the plots small in size and clustered in low

rise blocks
Longer side faade oriented in the north-south axis to
reduce the solar radiation on the building.
Each house has minimum exposure to wall surface and
a common wall.

The two openings on the north and south permit light

and cross ventilation.
Courtyards within the houses, cul-de-sacs, public squares
and small activity areas shaded adequately by adjacent
buildings.
Use of locally available building materials.
Topography used for orientation of major infrastructure
network and spatial organization.

15
SERVICES The conventional method of placing toilet in front
goes against cultural & aesthetic priorities &
manages to connect eight toilets to one manhole
with sewerage line on every street.

As in option 2,3,4 toilet at back create

maintenance related problem.

The proposed arrangement of service slots

allows toilets at back while connecting 18
toilets to 1 manhole and sewage lines only
on alternate streets.
Service slots also become useful play area for
children neighbourly interaction space and
visual pause.

16
 SERVICES
Cost-effective
Houses built by the people themselves to suit their needs.
Each family provided with a plot having a water tank, sewerage connection, paved access with
street lighting, storm water drainage
Service cores - key to this site and service scheme. - nuclei around which houses were built.
Houses were clustered in groups of 10.
Septic tank provided for every 2 clusters.
Water drawn from 3 local reservoirs.
To economize, 20 toilets are connected to 1 manhole.
SEWERAGE SYSTEM
Major alternatives: - Sewer-less sanitation. -Conventional sewerage
system.
The soil being impermeable black soil of 2m depth, conventional
sewerage system was adopted.
Designed after thorough analysis of topography naturally slopes
towards NW
Higher income groups, using more water were located at high
ground level to generate large flow..
Lower income groups, using less water located at lower ground level
This resulted in 10-15% savings.

TREATMENT SYSTEM
For conveyance system, a wet well and lift station was constructed near the final manhole.
Oxidation pond
- located on the NW corner of the site.
- removes biological oxygen
- simple in operation
- effluent suitable for disposal

STORM WATER DRAINAGE SYSTEM

Very efficient and facilitates healthy and clean living.
Combination of underground and surface drainage system.
Underground used for wider roads
Surface drainage used for internal roads

ELECTRICITY
High income and middle-income groups were provided with overhead cables.
Economically Weaker Sections were provided with underground cables 17
 CONSTRUCTION DETAILS
Foundation: Under rimmed piles in concrete, cast in situ locally was used as the soil
was black cotton soil.
Structural members: Reinforced concrete plinth beams, load bearing brick walls,
reinforced concrete slabs
Exterior finishes: Bright color in the faade, railing, grills and cornices seen in the old
houses of Indore used in some houses in the township

Residents were free to use any

material like brick or stone that
were locally available

CONCLUSION
It understands the traditional Indian habits
Planning and design is in accordance with the prevailing socio-economic and
technological conditions
Cost effective construction materials and techniques have been adopted
Planning is whole to part i.e. From township level to dwelling unit level.
Accessibility has been an essential factor for designing.
Consistency in every aspect
Staggered roads, prevent thorough traffic, reduce speed of vehicles
Climate responsive and site responsive design

http://www.akdn.org/architecture/project/aranya-community-housing?id=1242
http://architexturez.net/doc/az-cf-166248
http://www.slideshare.net/ankita224/aranya-low-cost-housing

18
THANK YOU
 Chart Title
60%
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G & G+1 G+2 & G+3 G+4 & more

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10%

0% G & G+1 G+2 & G+3 G+4 & More

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