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    A Presentation On: Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation

    Uploaded by

    Yogesh Kapil
    The document presents information on transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), a biometric application that uses electrical pulses to alleviate pain. TENS works by interfering with pain signals sent to the brain. It has a small, lightweight design and provides adjustable voltage levels in both continuous and intermittent modes. The document outlines the mechanism of pain, hardware and software requirements, circuit design, production process, system outputs, advantages, applications, and limitations of TENS devices. TENS provides a safe and effective alternative to painkillers for long-term pain management.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    A Presentation On: Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation

    Uploaded by

    Yogesh Kapil
    61 views19 pages
    The document presents information on transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), a biometric application that uses electrical pulses to alleviate pain. TENS works by interfering with pain signals sent to the brain. It has a small, lightweight design and provides adjustable voltage levels in both continuous and intermittent modes. The document outlines the mechanism of pain, hardware and software requirements, circuit design, production process, system outputs, advantages, applications, and limitations of TENS devices. TENS provides a safe and effective alternative to painkillers for long-term pain management.

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    Tens 1

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    The document presents information on transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), a biometric application that uses electrical pulses to alleviate pain. TENS works by interfering with pain signals sent to the brain. It has a small, lightweight design and provides adjustable voltage levels in both continuous and intermittent modes. The document outlines the mechanism of pain, hardware and software requirements, circuit design, production process, system outputs, advantages, applications, and limitations of TENS devices. TENS provides a safe and effective alternative to painkillers for long-term pain management.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    61 views19 pages

    A Presentation On: Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation

    Uploaded by

    Yogesh Kapil
    The document presents information on transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), a biometric application that uses electrical pulses to alleviate pain. TENS works by interfering with pain signals sent to the brain. It has a small, lightweight design and provides adjustable voltage levels in both continuous and intermittent modes. The document outlines the mechanism of pain, hardware and software requirements, circuit design, production process, system outputs, advantages, applications, and limitations of TENS devices. TENS provides a safe and effective alternative to painkillers for long-term pain management.

    Copyright:

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    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    You are on page 1of 19

    A

    PRESENTATION ON

    TRANSCUTANEOUS
    ELECTRICAL
    NERVE
    STIMULATION 1
    ELECTRONICS & COMM. DEPT
    INTRODUCTION
    •Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation is a
    biometric application in which we are developing a
    unit useful in hospitals as a very efficient and
    dedicated patient care system.

    •TENS is a device for alleviating pain electronically.

    •The sensation tends to decrease as the time goes on.

    2
    ELECTRONICS & COMM. DEPT
    Mechanism of Pain:

    3
    electronics & comm. dept.
    Mechanism of Pain:
    Pain is felt as a result of the brain's response to electrical
    (neural) and chemical (hormonal) changes in the body as
    a result of damage.

    Signals from damage or injury are picked up by sensory


    receptors in nerve endings. The nerves then transmit the
    signal via the nerves to spinal cord and brain.

    4
    electronics & comm. dept.
    GENERAL FLOW DIAGRAM OF
    TENS

    5
    ELECTRONICS & COMM. DEPT
    BLOCK DIAGRAM OF
    TENS:

    6
    ELECTRONICS & COMM. DEPT
    MODES OF OPERATION

    1.Continuous (continuous
    stream) : Usually used mode

    2.Intermittent (short bursts) :


    for long term treatment

    7
    ELECTRONICS & COMM. DEPT
    HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
    REQUIREMENTS AND
    SPECIFICATIONS

    Software requirement:
    1.Programming of microcontroller P IC16F877 using MPLAB8.40.

    2.A program of Visual Basic 6.0 for for interfacing of the Patient
    Monitoring System with computer.

    8
    ELECTRONICS & COMM. DEPT
    Hardware requirement:(module 1)
    Serial Components Specifications
    No.
    1 IC1 PIC16F877
    2 Thermistor NTC, 2K
    3 Oscillator 10 MHz
    4 OpAmp OP07CP
    5 Transformer 230V\ 12-0-12V,
    500mA
    6 LED Two coloured
    7 Voltage regulator 7805
    8 Voltage regulator 7905
    9 Transistor BC 107
    10 IR- Tx\Rx -
    11 Resistances 100k – 230 k
    12 Capacitance 22pF- 0.1uF
    electronics & comm. dept. 9
    DESIGNING
    (Using Software “Express PCB”)

    • Easy to use Windows application for laying out printed


    circuit boards .

    1.Begin by drawing a schematic using “Express SCH”.

    2.Next, use the “Express PCB” program to lay out your PC


    board.

    3.Determine the exact cost to have boards made with the


    Compute Board Cost command.
    10
    electronics & comm. dept.
    PCB – PROCESSING
    (FLOWCHART):

    11
    electronics & comm. dept.
    TESTING

    1.Continuity Test: checked by the multi-meter.

    2. Brade board test : In this section, the “OK Machine”


    verifies the board.

    12
    electronics & comm. dept.
    SYSTEM OUTPUTS
    Continuous mode:
    The output volt=79v.
    The frequency=362 Hz

    electronics & comm. dept. 13


    Intermittent mode:
    The output volt=82v
    The frequency =108 Hz.

    14
    electronics & comm. dept.
    Advantages

    1.Small size and light weight of the TENS device.

    2.Cover more muscles.

    3.Cheaper.

    4.Adjustable voltage.

    5.Wireless alert system using WAP .

    6.Emergency situations can be handled quickly


    15
    electronics & comm. dept.
    Applications

    •Treatment of the face muscles.


    (Bell's Palsy disease)

    • Can be used as muscle relaxer.

    16
    electronics & comm. dept.
    Limitations

    •TENS electrodes should never be placed on or near


    the eyes, mouth, broken skin areas , for headache and
    front of the neck .

    •It should be used with caution in people with epilepsy


    or pregnant women.

    •TENS should not be used by people with an artificial


    cardiac pacemaker.

    17
    electronics & comm. dept.
    CONCLUSION:
    •Hence, finally we have seen that pain can be managed for the
    short term using analgesics, but long-term treatment using the
    painkillers can be detrimental to the patient's health.

    •Side effects of the long use of analgesics may affect on liver,


    kidney or stomach. In many cases where pain is constant, the
    use of a TENS unit is recommended. And the reason for using
    TENS is that, it is safe, effective and virtually with no side
    effects.

    18
    electronics & comm. dept.
    THANK
    YOU
    electronics & comm. dept. 19

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