Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 127 views

    K. Kapita Selekta-Farmakologi (DR - Astrianda)

    Uploaded by

    Nela Lutfiana
    This document summarizes various ocular drugs used in ophthalmology, including: - Topical anesthetics, anti-allergy drugs, antibiotics, antifungals, anti-inflammatories, antivirals, artificial tears, and glaucoma drugs. - These drugs come in different formulations like eyedrops, ointments, injections and are applied through different methods like eyedrops or ointment. - Specific drugs mentioned include corticosteroids, NSAIDs, various antibiotics, antifungals, antivirals, artificial tears, adrenergic agonists, beta blockers, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, cholinergic agonists, and

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    K. Kapita Selekta-Farmakologi (DR - Astrianda)

    Uploaded by

    Nela Lutfiana
    127 views13 pages
    This document summarizes various ocular drugs used in ophthalmology, including: - Topical anesthetics, anti-allergy drugs, antibiotics, antifungals, anti-inflammatories, antivirals, artificial tears, and glaucoma drugs. - These drugs come in different formulations like eyedrops, ointments, injections and are applied through different methods like eyedrops or ointment. - Specific drugs mentioned include corticosteroids, NSAIDs, various antibiotics, antifungals, antivirals, artificial tears, adrenergic agonists, beta blockers, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, cholinergic agonists, and

    Original Description:

    hjbjh

    Original Title

    K. Kapita Selekta-Farmakologi (Dr.astrianda)

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document summarizes various ocular drugs used in ophthalmology, including: - Topical anesthetics, anti-allergy drugs, antibiotics, antifungals, anti-inflammatories, antivirals, artificial tears, and glaucoma drugs. - These drugs come in different formulations like eyedrops, ointments, injections and are applied through different methods like eyedrops or ointment. - Specific drugs mentioned include corticosteroids, NSAIDs, various antibiotics, antifungals, antivirals, artificial tears, adrenergic agonists, beta blockers, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, cholinergic agonists, and

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    127 views13 pages

    K. Kapita Selekta-Farmakologi (DR - Astrianda)

    Uploaded by

    Nela Lutfiana
    This document summarizes various ocular drugs used in ophthalmology, including: - Topical anesthetics, anti-allergy drugs, antibiotics, antifungals, anti-inflammatories, antivirals, artificial tears, and glaucoma drugs. - These drugs come in different formulations like eyedrops, ointments, injections and are applied through different methods like eyedrops or ointment. - Specific drugs mentioned include corticosteroids, NSAIDs, various antibiotics, antifungals, antivirals, artificial tears, adrenergic agonists, beta blockers, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, cholinergic agonists, and

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 13

    OCULAR DRUGS

    Department of Ophthalmology FKUI/RSCM


    Jakarta
    Rabu, 5 Maret 2008
    Ocular drugs
    Topical anesthetics
    Anti-allergy dan decongestant
    Antibacteria (antibiotics)
    Antifungal
    Anti-inflammatory - corticosteroids
    - non-steroid (NSAID)
    Antivirus
    Artificial tears
    Glaucoma drugs
    Pupil dilators (midriatics and cycloplegics)
    Preparation of Eye Drugs
    5 ml, 15 ml eyedrop bottles
    mini/monodose
    Eye gel
    Eye ointment
    Intravitreal injection
    Subconjunctival injection
    Subtenon injection
    Application of topical eye drugs

    Applying eye ointment

    Applying eyedrops/eyegel
    Anesthetics
    - Propacain HCl 0.5%
    - Tetracain HCl (Pantocain 0.5%, 2%)

    Anti-allergy dan decongestants


    Anti-allergy:
    - Sodium chromoglycate (Conver)
    - Lodoxamide tromethamine (Alomide)
    - Kalium pemirolast (Alegysal)
    - Pheniramine maleate (in Vasacon-A/Naphcon-A)
    Vasoconstrictor (reduce redness):
    - Naphazoline HCl
    - Oxymetazoline HCl (Visine), etc
    Antibiotics (Antibacteria) – with/without steroids
    / vasoconstrictors
    Types:
    Aminoglicosides: - Neomicin (frequently combined with
    polimixin-B and gramicidin, eg
    Xitrol, Polydex, Polidemisin, Statrol)
    - Gentamicin sulphate (Garamycin,
    Timact)
    - Tobramisin sulphate (Tobro, Tobrex)
    Bacitrasin (now seldomly used)
    Erithromicin
    Polimixin-B
    Quinolones : - Ciprofloxacin (Baquinor, Cilox)
    - Norfloxacin
    - Ofloxacin (Tarivid, Floxa)
    - Gatifloxacin (Giflox)
    - Levofloxacin (LFX)
    Antibiotics (Antibacteria) with/without steroids /
    vasoconstrictors
    Types:
    Sulpha (Albuvit, Albucid, Cetapred)
    Tetrasiklin (Terramycin, Oxytetracycline)
    Trimetoprim
    chloramphenicol 0.25%, 0.5%, 1% (Fenicol, Mycetine)

    Antifungal
    Natamycin (Natacen)
    Fluconazole (Diflucan)
    Ketoconazole (Solnazol)
    Anti-inflammatory drugs
    Corticosteroids
    Types:
    Prednisolone acetate (in Cendo PNP)
    Dexamethasone (in Xitrol, Polydex, dll)
    Fluorometholone (in FML)
    Hidrocortisone acetate (in Polynel)

    Non-steroids/NSAIDS
    Na-diclofenac (Voltaren ophtha, Flamar, Noncort)
    Indomethacin (Indocollyere, Domet)
    Ketorolac tromethamine (Acular)
    Antiviral:
    Acyclovir (Hervis, Zovirax, Poviral)
    Idoxuridin (Cendrid, Isotic Ixodine)
    Gancyclovir

    Artifical eyedrops
    Cellulose esters: Refresh, Cenfresh, Eyefresh
    Lubricen, Tears Naturale II
    Polyvinyl alcohol
    Sodium hyaluronate
    Glaucoma Drugs
    Adrenergic agonists (alfa dan beta) : decrease aqueous production (and
    increase uveoscleral drainage/ outflow)
    - Dipivefrin
    - Apraclonidine HCl
    - Brimonidine tartrate (Alphagan)

    Beta Blockers: decrease aqueous production

    - Timolol maleate 0.25%, 0.5% (Timol, Timoptic): non-


    selective, do not use in asthma, heart failure
    - Betaxolol HCl (Betoptima, Tonor): selective

    Carbonic anhidrase inhibitors: decrease aqueous production


    - Asetazolamid (Diamox, Glaucon) tablet 125 mg, 250 mg, i.v (unavailable)
    - Dorzolamid HCl (Trusopt)
    - Brinzolamid (Azopt)
    Glaucoma drugs

    Cholinergic Agonists : increase trabeculo-canalicular outflow


    - Pilocarpine HCl

    Prostaglandine-analogs: increase uveoscleral outflow


    - Latanaprost (Xalatan)
    - Travoprost (Travatan)

    Note: several products are in combination, eg.:


    Latanaprost + Timolol = Xalacom
    Dorzolamide + Timolol = Cosopt
    Brinzolamide + Timololo = Azarga
    Brinzolamide + Brimonidine = Simbrinza

    Hyperosmotic agents: making plasma hypertonic to aqueous humor


    - Glycerin 50% oral
    - Mannitol 5-25% solution for i.v transfusion
    Mydriatics dan cycloplegics

    Tropicamide 0.5%, 1%: Midriatyl

    Atropine sulphate 0.5%, 1% Tropine

    Homatropine HBr 2% Homatro

    Phenilephrine 2.5%, 10% Efrisel

    You might also like